Conus gabelishi da Motta & Ninomiya in da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NSMT Mike Filmer
Published in: Publ.
Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 1, p. 14, f.
13
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Trawled in Esperance/Albany area, Great Australian Bight,
West Australia.
Type Data: Holotype in NSMT deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35.5 x 19.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Floraconus Species:-gabelishi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W Australia from the Albany area to Jurien Bay
Habitat:-Reported from 120 m-230 m
Description:-Usually moderately small and moderately light. Last whorl
usually conical, sometimes ventricosely conical or broadly conical to broadly
and ventricosely conical; outline convex at adapical fourth to third, almost
straight below; left side constricted above base. Shoulder broadly carinate.
Spire of low to moderate height, outline nearly straight. Larval shell of
1.5-1.75 whorls, maximum diameter 1.1-1.2 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps convex,
with 0-2 increasing to 4 major spiral grooves; 1-2 intervening ribs often
located high on sutural ramps. Last whorl with weak to distinct, well separated
spiral grooves at base; ribbons between grade to ribs at anterior end.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with well separated spiral rows of alternating
white and orange bars and with fusing orange clouds and spiral bands. Pattern
may cover entire last whorl evenly or leave a spiral ground-colour band below
centre and somewhat above base.
Shell Morphometry
L 23-38 mm
RW 0.06-0.11 g/mm
RD 0.64-0.71
PMD 0.84-0.88
RSH 0.09-0.16
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gabrielae Röckel & Rolán, 2000
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Argonauta
xiii. No. 2, p. 33, figs. 67-71
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Chapeu Armado, S. Angola
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 24.7 x 14.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus negroides Kaicher, 1977; Decision by the
ICZN although Kaicher did not mean to describe the species.
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name gabrielae
----------
Conus gabrielii Kiener, 1845
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: Spec.
Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p. 315, pl. 74,
f. 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not Known
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 40 x 17 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus cinereus
Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
gabrielli
----------
Conus gabryae Röckel &
Korn, 1992
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS
Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Acta
Conchyliorum 3, p. 13, pl. 2, f. 11-20
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Russell Is., Solomon Archipelago.
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 62.7 x 26.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-gabryae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Solomon Islands
Habitat:-120-180 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Gabryae was considered subspecies of australis.
C. a. gabryae smaller. Last whorl
ventricosely conical to ovate, also narrowly conoid-cylindrical in subadults.
Shoulder angulate. First 3-5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural
ramps flat to concave, with 1 increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves. Last whorl with
granulose ribbons or pairs of granulose ribs from base to shoulder; shells with
strongly granulose prominent spiral elevations intergrade with shells with a
preponderance of axially striate incisions. Otherwise, C. a. gabryae matching C. a. australis in shell morphology.
----------
Conus gadesi Espinosa & Ortega, 2005
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in IESH Original Description
Published in: Revista
de la Academia Canaria de Ciencas 16, 125
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Not Known
Type Data: Holotype in IESH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 11.4 x 5.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus regius
Gmelin, 1791; a juvenile
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name gadesi
----------
Conus galeao Rolán, 1990
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Iberus
Sup. 2, p. 36, pl. 1,
f. 13, pl. 2, f. 13, pl. 5
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Bahia de Navio Quebrado Isla de Malo, Cape Verde Is.; 1-2
m
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.3 x 12.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-damottai galeao subsp.
Synonyms:- claudiae Tenorio & Afonso, 2004
Geographic Range:-Maio, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:-Found at depths of 1-2m under rocks
Description:-Source original description
Morphology of the seashell. The maximum dimension is from 17 to 24 mm. Its
silhouette is not very slender and has a body whorl smallish, shoulder somewhat
angled and spire partially extended, not stepped, striated and of white color
with brown spots. The coloring of the seashell has a white ground with tones of
azure that appears covered with yellowish or light brown lines , rarely
obscure; with magnification, it is appreciated that the lines are very
adjacent, are somewhat irregular and are interrupted by white areas; these
areas dominate in three zones: in a band on lower half of the last whorl, on
the shoulder and in another narrower band between both but that is not
constant. Specimens exist in which the pattern forms so that the brown and
white areas adopt an rectilineate aspect quite uniform with tendency to create
bands of different intensities of color. Variability is quite large in the
quantity of white, in the disposition of the areas and in the tones of the
color. Aperture is dark in its interior with two clear lines. The lip is clear.
The columella is white from time to time and violet .
Discussion:-The subspecies has a structure of the seashell (form of the
spire, form of the shoulder and color of the aperture) that seems similar to C. damottai damottai Trovao, 1979;
nevertheless, this subspecies, has a color and very characteristic pattern and
constant: white areas in form of zig-zag that alternate with brown areas in
which there are spiral lines while C.
damottai galeao has variable coloring and totally irregular pattern but
always with lines in axial sense inside the dark zones. These opposite
characteristics in populations that are found in geographical isolation, permit
to consider that they possess a subspecific relationship. The egg capsules ,
radular tooth and larval seashells confirm this situation being similar in the
main characteristics, but maintaining small differential details.
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus
galeyi Monnier, Tenorio, Bouchet & Puillandre, 2018
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN
Published in: Xenophora
Taxonomy 19; p. 41-42; Pl. 8, figs., 1-8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Fort-Dauphin, South Madagascar, 108-110 m
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20.8 x 11.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-galeyi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-between Sainte Luce and Cap Sainte Marie, in the
extreme South of Madagascar
Habitat:-mostly at depths from 75 to 210 m
Description:-
Shell small to moderately small, conical-pyriform in profile. The protoconch is large, very bulbous and paucispiral. Spire low and straight. Teleoconch sutural ramp with about five spiral grooves and intervening ribs in the five or six first early postnuclear whorls. shoulder broadly carinate. Outline of the last whorl is sigmoid, with about 6 very weak spiral grooves and ribs in the basal area. Aperture of essentially uniform width, bright pink colored inside. The ground color of the last whorl is orange, patterned with white irregarly shaped blotches arranged in spiral bands. Spiral white band at the height of the lower third of the lower third of the last whorl present in larger specimens. Additionally, the pattern may be overlaid with orange-brown dots forming up to six interrupted lines around the upper third of the last whorl.
----------
Conus gallopalvoi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Published
in: Malacologia 94, p.
31 - 32
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Varandinha, Boa Vista, Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 17,8 x 9,7 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of fuscoflavus
Röckel, Rolŕn & Monteiro, 1980; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-gallopalvoi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- Collected between 0.5 m and 1.5 m deep
Description:-Source: Original description Malacologia
Medium size shell (15 to 20 mm) of pyriform profile, with moderately high
spire, slightly stepped, with distinct sutures, moderately concave, almost
angled; the spire has white speckles onthe brownish-tawny ground color,; the
upper part of the spire is whitish. The aperture is wide with internal pattern
of brown-reddish-purple,
compartmentalized by three bands of creamy white. The shoulder is rounded and
the profile of last whorl is slighlty convex at the top becoming almost straight in the distal part. The coloring of the last
whorl reflects that of spire: tawny-yellowish-brown with two irregular bands
with white marks on shoulder and below the middle and is darker in the vicinity
of siphonal channel.. Some spiral grooves (6-7) are highlighted in the lower
shell. The siphonal channel is large with its
axis aligned with the development of the shell. Animal not availavle for
study. you do not study the soft parts.
Discussion:-
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus gambiensis Petuch & Berschauer, 2018
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNHN
Published in: Festivus, Vol. 50/3, p. 167; fig. 2 C-E
Ocean geography:
East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: off Tanji Beach,
Gambia
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.6 x 11.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym (form) of mercator
L., 1758 Hwass, 1792; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lautoconus Species:-gambiensis
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:- Known only from the
rock reefs near the mouth of the Gambia River, Gambia
Habitat:- found exposed at low tide, in small pockets on an
eroded sandstone rock platform, covered with dense growths of green algae
Description:-
Shell of average size for genus, around 25 mm, narrow,
elongated, distinctly fusiform, with high pyramidal spire and sloping spire
whorls; shoulder slightly-angled, forming wide rounded, carina-like ridge;
subsutural area slightly depressed, forming wide, shallow channel; channeled
suture of shoulder and spire whorls ornamented with 4 large, prominent spiral
cords; body whorl smooth and silky, with anterior tip being encircled with 6-8
low, widely-separated spiral cords; shell base color bright olive-green or
khaki-green, overlaid with very numerous fine pale brown longitudinal
hairlines; some specimens with small, widelyscattered amorphous white flammules
on posterior half of body whorl; prominent, narrow solid white band present
just anterior of midbody line; white mid-body band often marked with small,
very fine pale brown flammules and rows of dots; spire whorls olive-green,
marked with closely-packed narrow, amorphous bluishwhite or pale green
flammules; aperture uniformly narrow, deep purple-brown within
interior, with one thin white band; periostracum thin,
smooth, translucent.
Discussion:
Taxonomic
revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus ganensis Delsaerdt, 1988
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in IRSN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Gloria Maris 27 (1), p. 1, figs. 2 - 9
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Gan Island, Maldives
Type Data: Holotype in IRSN
Type Size: 46.7 x 26.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A subspecies or a form of Conus pennaceus
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus
Species:-pennaceus ganensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior
synonyms
Geographic Range:-Maldives
Habitat:-
Description: Shell with a
sub-depressed spire; body whorl straight to slightly concave; shoulder
angulated. Ground color is pinkish orange with white tent-marks. Periostracum
thin and translucent.
----------
Conus garciai da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Publ.
Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 1 p. 18, f.
17
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Punta Patuca, Honduras; 40-55 m
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 59 x 28 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Gradionus Species:-garciae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Honduras
Habitat:-Dredged from mud bottom in 40 to 70 m
Description:-Source Vink
A moderately heavy shell, 35 to 70 mm, with slightly concave rather high spire
and slightly pyriform to straight sides of the body whorl. Shoulder angulate,
often keeled, body whorl with spiral ridges which are vaguely granular and
unevenly spaced. Space between the ridges with microscopic axial threads. Spire
whorls stepped, tops of the whorls rather flat with very weak spiral threads
crossed by somewhat stronger growth lines. Nucleus: 2 whorls (protoconch of
specimens from Panama distinctly smaller than that of specimens from type
locality -pers. comm. Röckel, 1987), axial sculpture on the sides of the first
three to four postnuclear whorls. Colour is orange brown on a white background,
the brown nearly entirely covering the shell and, in the words of da Motta 'as
if painted in arching longitudinal brush strokes'. Below mid-body a white,
slightly spotted belt. Specimens from Panama are more reddish brown on a
purplish white background
Discussion:-C. garciai could
be confused with C. cingulatus (which
has a similar colour pattern, but is smaller with a more straight sided spire,
a more roundly angulate shoulder, and spiral grooves rather than ridges on the
body whorl), C. cancellatus (which is
morphologically very close, but has the spire less stepped -except in large
Brazilian specimens- with more distinct spiral ridges on the more concave tops
of the whorls, and the shoulder less sharply angled) and a population of C. spurius from off Honduras (2) (which
is more slender with a strongly concave sided spire and a different colour
pattern).
----------
Conus garywilsoni Lorenz & Morrison, 2004
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in WAMP Original Description
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Conchiglia
35 35(309), 43
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Offshore Exmouth, Western Australia.
Type Data: Holotype in WAMP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 19 x 9 mm
Nomenclature:
An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus lischkeanus
Weinkauff, 1875
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Calamiconus Species:-lischkeanus
garywilsoni forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Exmouth, Western Australia
Habitat:-The depth varies from 35-45 metres. The habitat is a vast sand
desert with absolutely no rock or reef within 3 km.
Description:-Source La Conchiglia Oct. –Dec. 2003
The holotype is rather heavy, small, conical, with a moderately high, pointed
spire. The protoconch is conspicuous and smooth, consisting of three whorls
with a maximum diameter of 0.4 mm. The postnuclear whorls are not tuberculate.
The outline of the spire is slightly concave, the eight teleoconch whorls are
slightly stepped. The shoulder is angulated. The sutural ramp shows five
distinct, somewhat undulating spiral grooves. The last whorl is very slightly
convex and smooth, except for the anterior fifth where there are shallow spiral
ribs. These are rather distant at first, becoming denser towards the anterior
tip. The aperture is straight, slightly widening anteriorly. The operculum is
rather narrow and slightly curved, measuring one fifth of the aperture's
length.
Coloration. The protoconch is reddish brown. The ground color of the teleoconch
whorls is purplish, except for the shoulder, which is whitish. The purplish
sutural ramps are ornamented with widely spaced, chestnut-colored radial
streaks that extend just below the shoulder. The body whorl is uniformly brown
in the upper half, forming a wavy, darker-bordered middle band. In the lower
half, the holotype displays much of the ground color, interrupted by irregular
brown blotches. The aperture and the anterior end are rich purple. The
measurements are enumerated according to the shell formula proposed by Röckel
et al. (1995): L = shell-length (mm); RW = relative weight (g/mm); RD =
relative diameter of last whorl; PMD =: position of the maximum diameter of the
last whorl; RSH= relative spire height.
L= 15 - 20
RW= 0.04 - 0.05
RD= 0.48 - 0.52
PMD= 0.68 - 0.71
RSH= 0.25 - 0.26
Discussion:-Considered a synonym juvenile form of C. lischkeanus, the description hightlights the differences as
smaller size, different pattern and purple on the anterior end.
----------
Conus gattegnoi
Poppe & Tagaro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture link: Holotype in
Conchology, Inc. and will be given to a Philippine institution in due time:
Guido Poppe
Published in: Visaya
Vol. 4, No. 6, 2017; p. 9 - 10, Pl. 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Philippines, Mactan Island , Punta Engańo, 400 m
Type Data: Holotype in Conchology Inc.
Type Size: 25.5 x 11.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Conasprella Species:-gattegnoi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Shells were fished on gravel and mud bottoms, or a mixture of
two
Description:
Shell small to moderately small. Average almost 24 mm in length. The shell is
conical in shape. The outline of the last whorl is slightly sigmoid. The shape
of the aperture is wide. The shoulder is sharply angulated, with a concave
sutural ramp. The outline of the spire is slightly concave. The protoconch is
raised and has 3 smooth whorls. Below the protoconch are 8 spiral whorls. The
shoulder of the first 65 whorls is covered with hardly raised knobs that
disappear on the later whorls. The subsutural ramp of the first whorls is
covered with tiny axial ribs. On the last whorl, the sharp shoulder extends
sometimes slightly over the body whorl.
This body whorl is fairly elongate, fairly smooth and covered by a large
number of incised spiral grooves. The overall base coloration is white with a
grayish shine, covered by a pattern of brown, fairly small flecks. These flecks are
set in 3 spiral bands, separated by lighter color bands. Within the lighter
color bands, the brown pattern changes into spaced dots. The spire is covered
by radiating brown flecks. The inside of the aperture is white, translucent
towards the periphery.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gauguini Richard & Salvat, 1973
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Cah.
Pac. no. 17, p. 25, f. 1-3
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Marquesas Is.
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 87 x 46.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-gauguini
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Marquesas; Tahiti
Habitat:-In 20-50 m on coral reefs
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, solid to moderately heavy. Last whorl ventricosely
conical to conical; outline convex at adapical fourth to third, straight below,
occasionally slightly concave centrally. Siphonal fasciole indistinct to
prominent. Shoulder sharply carinate. Spire usually low, outline straight but
early postnuclear whorls often slightly domed. Larval shell projecting, maximum
diameter 0.7-0.8 mm. First 4-7 postnuclear whorls tuberculate, late whorls
carinate. Teleoconch sutural ramps almost flat, grading to deeply concave in
later whorls, with 2 increasing to 6- 10 distinct spiral grooves; prominent
subsutural ridge as strong as shoulder carina. Last whorl with variably spaced,
rather fine spiral ribs on basal third.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with pinlush or brownish violet spiral bands
and axial clouds, leaving 1-3 interrupted to solid white bands, just below
centre, and sometimes within adapical third, and at base. Sparse spirally
arranged black spots, flecks, and blotches may occur, sometimes also forming
rows of alternating black and white dots and dashes. Siphonal fasciole white to
violet. Larval whorls and a few adjacent postnuclear sutural ramps immaculate
white. Following ramps mainly suffused with pinkish to bluish violet adaxially,
margins white; brown to black radial blotches either extending across ramps or
reduced to spots and flecks at both margins. Aperture white to bluish white.
Shell Morphometry
L 60-87 mm
RW 0.60-0.75 g/mm
(L 60-71 mm)
RD 0.57-0.66
PMD 0.81-0.87
RSH 0.07-0.13
Discussion:-C. gauguini can be
confused with C. barthelemyi from the
western and central Indian Ocean; the two are separated more by distance than
by morphology. The latter species has weaker spiral sculpture on its late
sutural ramps, and its shoulder is not sharply carinate. In C. gauguini, the surface of the last
whorl is often smoother adapically (distinct spiral striae are absent) and has
fine spiral ribs instead of ribs and ribbons at base. The last whorl pattern of
C. barthelemyi is orangish to reddish
brown rather than violet, and its sutural ramps have radial blotches rather
than marginal markings. Because of their widely separated geographic ranges, we
tentatively distinguish C. gauguini
and C. barthelemyi as species rather
than at the subspecies level.
----------
Conus geeraertsi
Poppe & Tagaro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture link: Holotype in
Conchology, Inc. and will be given to a Philippine institution in due time:
Guido Poppe
Published in: Visaya
Vol. 4, No. 6, 2017; p. 9- 10, Pl. 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Philippines, Mactan Island, Punta Engańo, Malingin, 150 m
Type Data: Holotype in Conchology Inc.
Type Size: 26.2 x 12.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Conasprella Species:-geeraertsi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Shells were taken from gravel and mud bottoms or a mixture of
both
Description:
Shell small to moderately small. Average almost 25.1 mm in length. The shell is
conical in shape. The outline of the last whorl is slightly sigmoid. The shape
of the aperture is elongate, rather narrow. The shoulder is sharply angulated,
with a concave sutural ramp. The outline of the spire is slightly concave. The
protoconch is raised and has 3 smooth and glossy whorls. Below the protoconch
are 9 whorls. The shoulder of the first 6 whorls is covered by raised knobs
that disappear on the later whorls. The upper half of the subsutural ramp is
covered with tiny raised axial ribs. The
body whorl is short and broad on the shoulder. The overall base coloration is
white, covered by a pattern of brown, fairly small flecks. The pattern on the
lower half of the body whorl is separated from the upper half by a very pale
band, which has no or only a few dark spots. The upper half of the body whorl
is more densely patterned with a series of large and axially shaped brown
flecks, set over a background of small brown dots. The spire is covered by sparse radiating brown
flecks. The inside of the aperture is white, translucent towards the periphery.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in LSL Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Living Animal: David Massemin New Caledonia
Published in: Systema
Naturae 12th ed., 1, pt, 2 p. 1166
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: East Indies
Type Data: Lectotype in LSL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 47 x 20 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Strategoconus Species:-generalis
Synonyms:- locumtenens Röding,
1798; spiculum Reeve, 1849; regenfussi Dautzenberg, 1937; pallida Dautzenberg, 1937; subunicolor Dautzenberg, 1937; krabiensis da Motta, 1982
Geographic Range:-Central Indian Ocean (Maldives, S. India) to N. W.
Australia to French Polynesia; Ryukyu Is. to Queenland; absent from Hawaii
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 50 m, more common in subtidal habitats; in
Philippines, dredged to 240 m on coarse sand, muddy sand and coral rubble,
often beneath dead coral.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to heavy. Last whorl conical to
narrowly conical, outline straight except variably convex below shoulder.
Shoulder angulate. Spire of low to moderate height; outline deeply concave,
with a conoid apex of 6-10 postnuclear whorls projecting from an otherwise flat
spire. Larval shell of 3.5-4 whorls, maximum diameter 0.7-0.8 mm. First 3-5
postnuclear whorls distinctly tuberculate; tuberculation disappears within
adjacent 1-2.5 whorls. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to variably concave, with
obsolete spiral striae. Last whorl with fine variably spaced spiral ribs at
base, obsolete in large specimens.
Ground colour white, Indian Ocean specimens often variably suffused with orange
to red. Last whorl with orangish brown to brownish black axial streaks, flames
or zigzag markings from base to shoulder or shoulder ramp, varying from solid
to highly divided. On each side of centre, a variably wide yellow, orange,
brown or black, usually solid spiral band overlies the axial markings; colour
of bands may vary from light to dark within the same specimen; abapical band
occasionally, adapical band rarely divided into 2 or 3 narrower spiral bands.
Intervening ground- colour bands usually interspersed with brown to black axial
markings. Dotted and dashed or sometimes solid brown spiral lines extend from
base to shoulder; they vary widely in number, occasionally containing
intermittent white markings. Base violet to brown or black. Larval whorls pink.
Early postnuclear sutural ramps immaculate; later ramps with orangish to
blackish brown or black radial markings. Highly speckled shells intergrade with
shells of largely uniform colouration; in W. Thailand, S. India, and the
Maldives, uniformly coloured shells have an almost immaculate orangish to
reddish tan last whorl and a very sparsely maculated spire (form krabiensis).
Aperture white to bluish white, except for the base.
Shell Morphometry
L 50-104 mm
RW 0.10-1.25 g/mm
(L 35-95 mm)
RD 0.46-0.61
PMD 0.85-0.95
RSH 0.05-0.21
Discussion:-C. generalis resembles
C. bayani, C. capreolus, C. monile, and most closely C. maldivus. In spite of similar shape
and sculpture, C. capreolus is so
dissimilar in colour pattern as to exclude any confusion. C. bayani has a less solid shell (maximum RW 0.3), fewer larval
whorls but usually more tuberculate postnuclear whorls and a carinate shoulder;
the spiral colour bands of its last whorl are generally narrower, less solid
and lighter in colour and the basal parts are white..
The name C. krabiensis applies to
small individuals whose shells are orange and almost immaculate and which range
from the Maldives to W. Thailand and off N. W. Australia. However, they
intergrade in size and colour pattern with typical C. generalis, and sometimes both types of pattern occur within a
single specimen. Moreover, populations with small adults are also known from
Sulu Sea, Molluccas, and E. New Britain. RKK therefore consider C. krabiensis a colour form of C. generalis.
C. spiculum was based on 2 juvenile
specimens;
Dautzenberg's varieties represent only colour forms: Var. regenfussi with narrow orange bands; var. subunicolor with broad
brown bands, leaving a narrow white central band; var. pallidula with a pale
colour.
C. maldivus is very similar to C. generalis and cannot always be
unequivocally separated from this species by conchological characters. The only
reliable difference is in the colour pattern: In C. generalis, the basic pattern consists of 2 spiral colour bands
that are usually solid and rarely split into axial fragments, and that cross
underlying darker axial streaks or flames extending over the entire last whorl;
the adapical ground-colour band is usually broader and the dark spiral lines
rarely consist of minute dots or become solid.
Conus generalis f. krabiensis da
Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Publ.
Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 1, p. 10, f. 9
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Raya Is., Phuket, Thailand; 100 ft
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 45 x 19.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Strategoconus Species:-generalis krabiensis forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. Thailand, S. India, and the Maldives
Habitat:-reported from sand and rock bottoms in 12-30 m
Description:-
RSH 0.05-0.21
Form krabiensis: small shells almost
all orange from Maldives to W Thailand
Discussion:-No Data
Conus generalis f. pallida
Dautzenberg, 1937
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in IRSN Mike Filmer
Published in: Mem.
Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg. ii, fasc. 18,
p. 120, pl. II, f. 8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Amboina
Type Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 55.5 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: A homonym:- an available name, an invalid name, a homonym
of C. pallida Bucquoy, Dautzenberg
& Dollfus, 1882
Taxonomy: An invalid synonym:- a specimen of C. generalis Linnaeus, 1767
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name pallida
Conus generalis f. regenfussi Dautzenberg, 1937
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in IRSN Mike Filmer
Published in: Mem.
Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg. ii, fasc. 18,
p. 120, pl. II, f. 6
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Amboina
Type Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 52.6 x 23.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus
generalis Linnaeus, 1767
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name regenfussi
Conus generalis spiculum
Reeve, 1849
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Conch.
Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. vii, sp. 266
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Cagayan, Philippines
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 22 x 10 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Strategoconus Species:-generalis spiculum forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-sand and rock bottoms in 12-30 m
Description:-
Form C. g.
spiculum refers to juveniles with spindle shape
Discussion:-The spindle shaped shells are considered a juvenile form of C. generalis. The colour pattern is
normally an orange banded pattern similar to typical C. generalis.
----------
Conus genuanus Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
of Lectotype Rumphius (1705, pl. 34, fig. G.)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Systema
Naturae 10th ed., 1, p. 714
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Unknown
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Rumphius
(1705, pl. 34, fig. G.)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Genuanoconus Species:-genuanus
Synonyms:- papilio Linnaeus,
1767; papilio Röding, 1798; sphinx Röding, 1798; fasciatus Perry, 1811; foscaclaudiae Assi,
2010
Geographic Range:-Senegal - Angola; Cape Verdes; Canaries
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately heavy with a good gloss; low conical, the sides convex; body whorl
smooth except for few low spiral ridges at the base and sometimes heavy axial
threads and growth marks; shoulder wide roundly angled, flat or concave above; spire
low to moderate sharply pointed, the sides straight to slightly concave; tops
of whorls flat or slightly convex; early whorls eroded; Body whorl pinkish grey
to bluish grey, usually with broad distinct bands of olive above and below
midbody; base whitish; whorl covered with about 10-20 widely spaced spiral rows
of black dashes bars and dots usually of two widths alternating; the black bars
alternate in a row with white bars containing small black dots; shoulder and
spire whorls margined with row of alternating black and white dashes; spire
like body whorl with traces of olive blotches; Aperture narrow above wider
basally; outer lip sharp, thin evenly convex; mouth bluish grey to pinkish
grey, usually pale; margin of lip often reddish brown.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus geographus Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in LSL Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Systema
Naturae 10th ed., 1, p. 718
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Indies
Type Data: Lectotype in LSL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 98 x 48 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Gastridium Species:-geographus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Indo-Pacific except for Hawaii
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 20 m; on coral reefs, mainly on sand
bottoms beneath or among coral heads.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, moderately solid to solid; relative weight may vary
by 60% in spe cimens of the same size. Last whorl narrowly cylindrical to
cylindrical; outline straight or slightly convex and nearly parallel-sided
centrally, slightly concave to convex above and convex (right side) or concave
(left side) below. Aperture wider at base than near shoulder. Shoulder angulate
to rounded, usually strongly tuberculate. Spire low, outline variably concave
to straight. Larval shell of 2.5-3 whorls,maximum diameter 0.9-1 rnrn.
Postnuclear whorls tuberculate, tubercles strong and pointed upward in late
whorls.Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 0-2 increasing to 4-5 spiral
grooves in early whorls; closely set radial striae and many spiral striae
produce a minutely granulose surface in late whorls. Last whorl nearly smooth
except for weak spiral ribs or ribbons near base of subadults.
Ground colour white, suffused with bluish grey, violet or pink. Last whorl with
fine, often incomplete network of tan to dark reddish brown lines and small
often tent-like spots. Pattern tends to fuse into blotches forming 2-3 broad
spiral bands, within basal third, above centre and often below shoulder;
occasionally, bands contain dotted, dashed or solid dark spiral lines. Larval
whorls pink to red. Earliest postnuclear sutural ramps white to pink, usually
with brown dots at both or only inner margins. Following sutural ramps with
light to dark brown radial blotches that separate into loosely reticulated
lines in late whorls. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 65-166 mm
RW 0.10-0.80 g/mm
(L 65-133 mm)
RD 0.49-0.56
(adult; 0.45 - 0.51 subadults)
PMD 0.62-0.75
RSH 0.04-0.10
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gernanti Petuch, 1975
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in CAS Mike Filmer
Published in: Veliger
xviii, no. 2, p. 181,
f. 2-6
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Fifteen km Northwest of M' Bour, Petit Cote, Senegal (14deg
41' N 17deg 30' W); ca. 60 m
Type Data: Holotype in CAS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 40 x 23 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
ambiguus Reeve, 1844
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Monteiroconus Species:-ambiguus gernanti forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Senegal
Habitat:-Shore to offshore
Description:-
C. gernanti Petuch, 1975 is
considered a synonym. Petuch stated that gernanti
has lower spire and narrower shoulder width. It is intense violet colour with
occasionally some brown axial flammules. C.
ambiguus has 3 spiral threads on top
of spire whorls.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus gibsonsmithorum Petuch, 1986
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MORG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash. xcix, no. 1, p. 9, f. 5 & 6
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: North Coast of Paraguana
Peninsula, Falcon, Venezuela; trawled in 35 m
Type Data: Holotype in MORG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20 x 13 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott, 1951
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-sennottorum gibsonsmithorum forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Venezuela, Colombia
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original Description
Shell turnip-shaped, obese, thick and heavy; anterior one-third of shell
greatly constricted; body whorl smooth and shiny, with anterior one-third
having heavy grooving and thick spiral cords; aperture very narrow; spire
elevated on early whorls, becoming planar on later whorls; shoulder
sharp-edged, carinated; slight constriction just below shoulder carina; shell
pale cream-yellow colored with pale tan band around middle; spire pale yellow,
becoming tan on early whorls; periostracum thin, smooth, translucent yellow.
Discussion:-This small new species is the only South American cone shell
to have a squat, turnip-shaped body form. In this respect, C. gibsonsmithorum most closely resembles
C. sennottorum Rehder and Abbott, 1951, from the Gulf of Mexico. The new
Venezuelan species differs from its northern relative by lacking any spottings
or color patterns, by having a more sharply carinated shoulder with
sub-shoulder constriction, and by being a smaller, stockier species.
At present, C, gibsonsmithorum is
known only from: the Gulf of Venezuela region, to which it is most probably
endemic.
----------
Conus gigasulcatus Moolenbeek, 2008
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNHN Robert Moolenbeek
Picture Link: Paratypes Robert Moolenbeek
Published in: Vita
Malacologica 6, 43
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: South of Vitu Levi, Fiji
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 73.1 x 38.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Genus:- Asprella Species:-gigasulcatus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Fiji
Habitat:-Found at depths of 150-200 m
Description:-Source Original description
Shell large, broadly conical, moderately solid. Spire rather low and slightly
concave. Shoulder angulate. Last whorl straight, slightly convex near the
shoulder. Adapical half smooth, abapical part with about 26 spiral grooves. Colour
dark white with a pattern of brown dotted spirals. In the middle these
brown/white spiral lines have a broader band of brown blotches. Base white. Discussion:-Conus gigasulcatus differs from C. sulcatus in being a little more
slender and in adult specimens lacking spiral grooves all over the last whorl.
----------
Conus gilberti Bozzetti, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in MNHN Luigi Bozzetti
Published in: Malacologia
74, 5
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Tulear, Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 30.5 x 20.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of balteatus Sowerby
I, 1833; see Monnier et al., 2018 in Xenophora Taxonomy 19
Current Group Names:-
Genus:-Rolaniconus Species:-gilberti
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Spire of low height with slightly concave outline, shoulder angulate, body
whorl left side sigmoid, right side slightly sigmoid. Body whorl walls covered
by spiral, sligthly wavy cords, secondary cordlets in the interspaces, and by
thick axial growth striae. Protoconch color whitish, first teleoconch whorls
light beige, remaining parts of the shell uniform white with the exception of
the base showing a slight yellowish-white shade.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gilchristi Sowerby iii, 1903
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in SAMC Mike Filmer SAMC
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Mar.
Inv. S. Afr., p. 217, pl. 3, f. 8
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: Natal coast
Type Data: Holotype in SAMC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 52 x 28 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus natalis
Sowerby ii, 1858
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Nataliconus Species:-natalis gilchristi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Indo-Pacific
Habitat:-Offshore
Description:-Source Iconography C. natalis
The form gilchristi of C. natalis Sowerby II, 1858 corresponds to specimens
taken from deeper water, which are often narrower, with a higher spire than the
shallow water (typical) form, although considerable intergrades do exist. Such
specimens apparently have a tendency to present the reduced pattern described
above, where the tent pattern is mostly absent, the axial lines becoming very
sparse and the decoration restricted to the spiral banding. The background
color of the body whorl is often bluish grey.
Discussion:-The name C. gilchristi
has been used for referring to deep water, more conical specimens of C.
natalis usually dived off Park Rynie, near the northernmost end of the
range of distribution for the species (Smith, 1992). These are possibly just an
ecological variant of the nominal species.
----------
Conus gilvus Reeve, 1849
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Conch.
Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. vi, sp. 255
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Saldanha Bay (South Africa) erroneus: Solomon Islands
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25 x 14 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lividoconus Species:-gilvus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Papua New Guinea; Solomon Islands; Indonesia (?)
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 100 m; on dark sand bottom
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small, moderately solid. Last whorl conical, outline nearly
straight. Shoulder angulate to subangulate. Spire of low to moderate height,
outline straight to slightly convex. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 1-2
increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves; spiral sculpture often weak on last ramps.
Last whorl with widely spaced spiral ribs at base.
Last whorl brownish olive or bluish brown, with a bluish grey line at shoulder
edge and a bluish grey spiral band at centre; central band usually with spiral
rows of brown dots. Dotted brown spiral lines may also be present on basal
third. Larval shell brown. Teleoconch sutural ramps irregularly maculated with
tannish olive and bluish grey; outer margins bluish grey with irregular brown
markings. Aperture bluish white or light violet deeper within; central pale
band variably distinct.
Shell Morphometry
L 24-32 mm.09
RW 0.15-0.15 g/mm
RD 0.59-0.66
PMD 0.86-0.89
RSH 0.10-0.14
Discussion:-C. gilvus resembles C. hyaena concolor, which can be
separated by its larger size (40-57 mm), sometimes narrower last whorl (RD
0.56-0.65), and by the larger number of spiral grooves on its late sutural
ramps.
----------
Conus giorossii Bozzetti L., 2005
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNHN Original Description
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia
Mostra Mondiale 48, 3
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: SE of Flores, Indonesia
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25 x 12 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:Phasmoconus Species:-giorossii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Flores, Indonesia
Habitat:-Found at depths of up to 6 meters.
Description:-Source Original description Malacological Mostra Mondiale
March 2005
This species is, light, shiny; last whorl conical to ventricosely conical,
right side convex, left side convex adapically, slightly concave on the
anterior third. Smooth finish to body whorl in the adapical half , with
sculpture of 15 spiral grooves in the abapical half. Aperture slightly wider
near the base, outside lip thin. Body color pale rose-violet; with two spiral
broken bands of golden ochre constituted from points, dashes, rectangular marks
and flammules occasionally merging to form irregular blocks; similar markings
are sometimes present at the shoulder and near the base. The pattern of the
last whorl is completed by spiral lines constituted from points, dashes, small
markings of the same color. Bands/radial flammules, broken and irregular, color
ochre more apparent on the outer whorls of the teleconch, on the last whorl not
reaching the shoulder; the pattern is absent on the first whorls of teleconch
which is slightly darkened body colour, protoconch white, translucent, siphonal
fasciole white. Color of the aperture ochre-orange to ochre-rose on white base.
Discussion:-C. giorossii sp. n. is recognised, by the characteristic morphological and ornament of the shell, from the group sertacinctus-solomonensis.
----------
Conus gladiator Broderip & Sowerby, 1833
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel
Tenorio
Published in: Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond. 1833, p. 55
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Panama
Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 43 x 26 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gladioconus Species:-gladiator
Synonyms:- cibieli Kiener,
1845; gloynei Sowerby iii, 1881; evelynae Sowerby iii, 1882
Geographic Range:-Sea of Cortez, W Mexico - Peru; Galapagos
Habitat:-Under rocks and rubble up to 10 m
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately light in weight; dull; low conical or obconical, the sides slightly
convex; body whorl with several widely spaced spiral ridges above base; numerous
heavy spiral and axial threads over whole whorl; shoulder broad, angled, with
low coronations; spire low to flat, bluntly pointed, the side concave; whorls
slightly concave above, with 2-3 indistinct spiral ridges crossed by curved
axial threads; Body whorl whitish to pale yellowish tan, with weak to strong
irregular axial brownish flammules above and below midbody; flammules may form
bands or be absent; usually many short brownish dashes to background; base
whitish; spire and shoulder tan to dark brown, the coronations whitish; tops of
whorls may be uniform dark brown or light brown/white with dark spots; aperture
moderately wide ,mouth white with pattern showing through.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus glans Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype
in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Encyc.
Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1, p.
735
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Mauritius; African seas, Moluccas & Ile de France,
(Mauritius), restricted (Kohn) to Mauritius.
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 38 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Leporiconus Species:-glans
Synonyms:- fusiformis G. Fischer, 1807; violaceus
Link, 1807; granulata Dautzenberg,
1937
Geographic Range:-Indo-W Pacific
Habitat:-Shallow subtidal to about 30 m. In Fiji, under corals on reefs.
In New Caledonia, on debris, shell sand and dead corals in 2- 10 m. In the E.
Indian Ocean, on subtidal coral reef platforms and reef slopes.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to moderately large, moderately light to moderately solid.
Last whorl usually cylindrical, sometimes ovate, ventricosely conical or conoid-cylindrical;
outline straight and parallel-sided adapically to uniformly convex; left side
concave at base. Shoulder indistinct to rounded. Spire of moderate height to
high, outline convex. Larval shell paucispiral in Sri Lanka (Kohn, 1961 b), of about
2.5 whorls in Philippines specimens, and of 3 or more whorls in specimens from
Samoa; maximum diameter 0.6-0.7 mm. First 4-7 postnuclear whorls tuberculate.
Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly convex, with 0-1 increasing to 3-7
spiral grooves and often granulose strong ribs between; spiral sculpture
sometimes very weak on last ramps. Last whorl with distinct, often granulose,
closely spaced spiral ribs from base to shoulder.
Ground colour white to pale blue, suffused with blue or violet. Last whorl
variably encircled with 2-3 bluish-brown bands, leaving light zones of
different shades of grey, blue, violet or brown, occasionally overlaid with
brown or blue axial streaks. Base usually dark violet. Larval shell and first
4-5 postnuclear sutural ramps pink to orange. Aperture light blue behind a
violet marginal zone.
Shell Morphometry
L 27-60 mm
RW 0.07-0.25 g/mm
(L 27-44 mm)
RD 0.52-0.65
PMD 0.66-0.84
RSH 0.16-0.26
Discussion:-C. glans is the
most similar species to C. tenuistriatus; specimens are often
difficult to distinguish. On the sutural ramps, C. glans has usually strong spiral grooves separated by granulose
ribs rather than weak spiral grooves or striae as in C. tenuistriatus. C. glans also has a generally cylindrical last
whorl (PMD 0.66-0.84) with stronger, somewhat less closely spaced spiral ribs.
C. coffeae resembles C. glans. C. glans can be distinguished
by its usually narrower and cylindrical last whorl (RD 0.52-0.65), generally
less distinct shoulder and more prominent spiral sculpture on the teleoconch
sutural ramps; its colour pattern is dominated by bluish brown rather than pure
brown.
----------
Conus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
of Lectotype Rumphius (1705, Pl. 33, fig. GG)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Systema
Naturae 10th ed., 1 p. 714
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Asia
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Rumphius
(1705, Pl. 33, fig. GG)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dendroconus Species:-glaucus
Synonyms:- fraxineus Röding, 1798
Geographic Range:-Indonesia to Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomon
Is. and Vanuatu.
Habitat:-Intertidal and shallow subtidal; mainly on sand
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to moderately heavy. Last
whorl ventricosely conical to broadly and ventricosely conical, occasionally
slightly pyriform; outline convex adapically, less so toward base; left side my
be concave near base. Shoulder subangulate to rounded. Spire low, outline
almost straight to concave. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly convex to
slightly concave, with spiral striae. Last whorl with pronounced spiral ribs of
varying width at base.
Ground colour bluish grey. Last whorl with spiral rows of fine brown dots and
dashes and intermittent, often obsolete white dashes. Base, siphonal fasciole
and basal part of columella immaculate, sometimes brown. Early teleoconch
sutural ramps brown; later ramps with blackish brown to black radial streaks or
blotches, sometimes extending on last whorl, where they are lighter and form
axial streaks. Aperture pale brown in subadults, bluish white in adults.
Shell Morphometry
L 35-65 mm
RW 0.25-1.10 g/mm
(L 35-65 mm)
RD 0.67-0.76
PMD 0.72-0.84
RSH 0.04-0.09
Discussion:
----------
Conus glenni Petuch, 1993
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in CMNH Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: La
Conchiglia xxv, no. 266, p. 57, f. 1-2
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: East of Moro Tupo, San Blas Islands, Panama
Type Data: Holotype in CMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 18 x 8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gladioconus Species:-glenni
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:-E. Panama
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Original description
Shell average size for subgenus, slightly inflated, bullet-shaped, widest
around midbody; shoulder distinctly rounded, edged with poorly developed
peripheral cord; spire elevated, with protracted, somewhat scalariform whorls;
spire whorls distinctly rounded, convex in outline; body whorl heavily
sculptured with numerous large, coarse, closely-packed spiral cords (30 on
holotype), giving the shell a rough appearance; finer secondary cords sometimes
present between large primary cords, particularly around anterior end; spire
whorls ornamented with 4 large, coarse spiral cords; early whorls exerted;
protoconch large, mamillate; aperture narrow; shell color uniformly bright
orange with distinct pinkish-white midbody band; midbody band with variable
numbers of larger, evenly-spaced pale brown and white amorphous flammules; few
tiny dark brown dots are irregularly scattered around central part of shell and
on midbody band; spire, bright orange with scattered, amorphous, pale
pinkish-white flammules; early whorls and protoconch reddish-orange; interior
of aperture pale pink; periostracum thin, transparent.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus glicksteini Petuch, 1987
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Published in: New
Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 30, pl. 5, figs. 5 & 6
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Palm Beach Island, Palm Beach Co., Florida; 120 m
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21 x 11 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus amphiurgus Dall, 1889
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-amphiurgus glicksteini forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Palm Beach, E. Florida
Habitat:-Around 120m.
Description:-Source Original Description
Shell small for genus, thin, delicate, with low spire; body whorl smooth and
shiny, with on few weak spiral threads around anterior tip; color varying from
salmon-pink to pinkish- lavender, with evenly spaced pale tan lines or rows of
dots around body whorl (holotype salmon- pink with only few rows of pale tan
dots around mid-body); all specimens with paler band around mid- body and
around shoulder; spire whorls with numerous pale orange, thin, crescent-shaped
flammules; interior of aperture pink; protoconch and early whorls bright pink
in all specimens, regardless of body whorl color; aperture narrow, shoulder
slightly rounded.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gloriakiiensis Kuroda & Ito, 1961
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Paratype & Holotype in KIMN (Shell Museum) Mike Filmer
Published in: Venus
vol. xxi, no. 3, p. 248, pl. 17, f. 6 & 7
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Nada, Gobo, Kii Peninsula, Japan.
Type Data: Holotype was in KIMN (Shell Museum) and currently assumed to
be lost
Type Size: 51.7 x 21.7 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus recluzianus
Bernardi, 1853
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-recluzianus gloriakiiensis forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Japan
Habitat:-Found at depths of 25-250
m
Description:-
C. gloriakiiensis is used by
collectors for white or brightly colored shells
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus gloriamaris Chemnitz, 1777
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in ZMUC Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Beschaftigungen
Berlin Ges. Naturf. Freunde. 3, p. 321,
pl. viii, f. A
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: Holotype in ZMUC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 92 x 35 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-gloriamaris
Synonyms:- gloriamaris Hwass in
Bruguiere, 1792; gloria Bosc, 1801
Geographic Range:-Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Is., Samoa, and
Fiji; also recorded from E. Indonesia
Habitat:-In 10-300 m, on sand and mud bottoms
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, solid to moderately heavy. Last whorl narrowly
conoid-cylindrical to narrowly conical; outline convex near shoulder, straight
below. Depth of exhalent notch about 1/3 of maximum diameter. Shoulder
subangulate to rounded. Spire usually of moderate height, stepped; outline
slightly concave to slightly convex. Larval shell of about 3.5 whorls, maximum
diameter about 1 mm. First 5-6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch
sutural ramps concave, with 1 increasing to 5-10 fine spiral grooves; sculpture
very weak in latest whorls. Last whorl with weak spiral ribs basally and
distinct spiral striae above.
Ground colour white; edges of late postnuclear whorls may be tinged with blue
and last whorl may have blue axial streaks; blue shading most prominent in
shells from Solomon Islands. Last whorl with a network of fine orangish brown
to brown lines producing tiny to small tents and with usually 3 spiral rows or
bands of yellowish brown blotches, below shoulder, just above centre, and
within basal third. Brown zones with broad dark brown axial lines and dotted to
solid spiral lines variably articulated with white dots and tents. Larval
whorls orange to pink. First 3-4.5 postnuclear sutural ramps pink, immaculate
in first 0.5-3 whorls and with brown marginal dots in remaining whorls.
Following sutural ramps matching last whorl in colour pattern. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 75-162 mm
RW 0.35-0.83 g/mm
(L 75-147 mm)
RD 0.45-0.50
PMD 0.79-0.86
RSH 0.18-0.24
Discussion:-C. gloriamaris
resembles C. textile and C. bengalensis. C. textile differs in
its broader last whorl (RD 0.50-0.72) with a less straight outline and in its
lower spire (RSH 0.11-0.20); its aperture is relatively wider at base and its
exhalent notch not so deep.
C. gloriamaris can be distinguished
from C. bengalensis by its broader last
whorl (RD 0.45-0.50), less angulate shoulder, more convex outline below
shoulder, and by its finer pattern with smaller tents and 3 rather than 2 broad
spiral bands of yellowish brown blotches on the last whorl
----------
Conus glorioceanus Poppe & Tagaro, 2009
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NMPM Guido Poppe
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Visaya
2 (4) 52-56
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Mindanao, Philippies
Type Data: Holotype in NMPM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 49.6 x 25.1mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-glorioceanus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Mindanao, Philippines
Habitat:-Founds at depths of 80-150 m
Description:-Source original description
The shape is broadly conical and the outline of the last whorl is straight. The
shoulder is broadly carinate and smooth. The outline of the spire is concave.
The base color of the body whorl is white and this is covered with a fine pattern
of small triangles, usually called tents. The tents are more dense in some
areas and as such form two broad, darker, spiral bands. The color is light
golden brown. Within this general pattern and especially within the two darker
bands, there are even darker axial streaks. The inside of the aperture is solid
pure white.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus goajira Petuch, 1992
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in CMNH Alan Kohn
Published in: La
Conchiglia xxiii, no. 264, p. 39, figs.
7 & 8
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Cabo la Vela, Goajira Peninsula, Colombia; 35 m
Type Data: Holotype in CMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35 x 17 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus daucus
Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-daucus goajira forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Columbia
Habitat:-Mud and broken shell at 35 m
Description:-Source: original description
Shell stocky, distinctly turnip-shaped, widest in subshoulder area, tapering
abruptly to anterior tip; sides of body whorl anterior of subshoulder area
distinctly concave; shoulder sharply angled, non-carinated, undulating slightly
along periphery; spire slightly elevated, sloping; body whorl polished,
ornamented with extremely numerous fine, closely-packed spiral threads, giving
shell surface a silky appearance; spire whorls with 5 coarse spiral threads;
anterior tip encircled by 8 low, smooth spiral cords; aperture narrow; shell
color violet (paratype), pale violet (holotype), or sometimes yellow, overlaid
with distinct, large brown evenly spaced, zebra-striped flammules on anterior
half of body whorl; posterior half of body whorl with scattered, evenly
-spaced, small pale tan mottlings, mostly along shoulder region; anterior
zebra-striping and posterior mottling, in turn, overlaid with faint,
irregularly- spaced, pale tan thin spiral bands; spire whorls same color as
body whorl; marked with regularly-spaced, crescent- shaped brown flammules;
edge of shoulder marked with small brown spots, corresponding to spire
flammules; protoconch and early whorls same colour as body whorl; interior of
aperture same color as body whorl (pale violet in holotype); periostracum
unknown.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gondwanensis Röckel, Richard & Moolenbeek, 1995
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Mém.
Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. clxvii, p. 572, figs. 8, 9, 54
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: New Caledonia (23deg 41' S. 168 deg 01' E); 240 m
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.4 x 11.6 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-gondwanensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia
Habitat:-Found at depths of 200-250 m
Description:-Source Original description
Last whorl broadly conical to slightly pyriform, sides convex above shoulder
and attenuate basally. Surface of last whorl smooth, other specimens with 20
granulated ribs. Ground colour white with two broad spiral bands below and
above midbody.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus
gonsalensis Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
MMM Cupra Marittima
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia 84, p. 25 - 26
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Gonçalo Bay,
Maio, Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 11,2 x 6,3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-gonsalensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- The specimens studied are were found to be 0.5 to 5 feet deep,
and on under the rocks
Description:-Source: Original description Malacologia
Pyriform shell of small dimensions,
with a range from 9 to 12 mm in height, protoconch eroded. Medium-high spire,
with weak sutures and an almost linear profile, whorl tops crossed spirally by
imperceptible furrows; the spire has large maculate markings. The aperture is
wide with brownish-violet internal colouring, characterized by two light bands,
almost white: one just under shoulder level and the other below mid body. The
aperture outer lip is curved.
The shell has a
greenish coloration with irregular sparse white spots, more concentrated in
spiral median band and towards extremities. The spiral middle band is brown
alternating with white spots; the lower whorl is darker.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gonsaloi Afonso & Tenorio, 2014
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNCN Manuel
Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Xenophora
Taxonomy 3, p. 51 & 52, Fig. 4, pl. 2
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Praia Gonçalo
located on the Northeast coast of Maio Island, Cape Verde Archipelago, West
Africa.
Type Data: Holotype in MNCN, deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 19,3 x 10,9 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-gonsaloi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- A. gonsaloi occurs in fissures and holes in rocks in
0.5 to 3 metres of water. Several specimens have also been seen on rock
platforms with covered by algae. Low densities of individuals of this species
maybe related to the heavy surf conditions present most days of the year in the
area that they inhabit.
Description:-Source: Original description Xenophora Taxonomy
Shell is small to moderately small.
Shell profile is conical, with a subangular shoulder and a moderately elevated
spire. The spire profile is straight to concave in specimens that have little
erosion. Protoconch not observed due to erosion. There are 3to 4 strong,
well-developed cords on the essentially flat sutural ramps. Body whorl IS
smooth except for 6-7 spiral grooves on the
anterior portion. Ground color and pattern are
variable. Most specimens display a white or light brown ground color, although some
may be greyish-brown, or even dark brown. Last whorl and spire is patterned
with thin irregular axial brown lines. These lines merge around the anterior
portion of the body whorl, which usually appears dark brown colored in most
specimens. White
irregular axial markings are present on the body
whorl, usually arranged in two bands above and below the mid portion. A third, narrower
and less evident band may be present in some specimens. The inside of the
aperture is purplish, fading to brown or light brown, divided into two zones by
a white band located just below the midpoint of the body whorl. In some
specimens the aperture appears almost pure white, with the purplish color
barely visible deeper inside the shell. Periostracum is yellow, thin and
translucent. Most of shells of the new species are subject to heavy calcareous
algae incrustations, erosion and scars.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gordyi Röckel & Bondarev, 2000
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in SMNS Original Description
Published in: La
Conchiglia 22 (293), p. 41
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Saya de Malha Bank, W. Indian Ocean.
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 19.1 x 9.6 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Seen by Filmer as a synonym form of Conus papuensis
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Conasprella Species:-papuens gordyi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Mascarenes, Indian Ocean
Habitat:-Found in depths down to 130 m in sandy silt and limestone
debris.
Description:-. Original description La Conchiglia
Last whorl conical outline nearly straight to slightly sigmoid. Shoulder tuberculate,
undulate, or carinate. Larval shell paucispiral. Last whorl with about 25
spiral ribbons from base to shoulder, separated by narrow spiral grooves with
close set axial threads.
Ground color white. Last whorl with 3-in larger specimens 4-bands of orange to
pinkish-orange bars or rectangular dashes. Spire variably spotted with the same
color. Aperture matching the exterior surface in color, sometimes slightly
violet basally. Larval shell white.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus goudeyi Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNHN Eric Monnier
Picture Link: Eric Monnier
Published in: Visaya
5 (3), 41
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Bourail West coast of New Caledonia, (on sand, 50 mtrs)
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41 x 19.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-goudeyi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia
Habitat:-Found in sand at depths of 50 m.
Description:-Source Original description
The last whorl shape is conical with straight sides. The surface is smooth with
a silky gloss. The posterior half of the last whorl is smooth.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus gracianus
da Motta & Blöcher
in da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Publ.
Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac., no. 1, p. 16, f. 15
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Deeper fringes of Grand Reef, Tulear, Madagascar.
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size:44x15mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
aulicus Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-aulicus gracianus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-In 1-30 m; on reef flats and coral reefs near dead and living
corals, sand substrates or sometimes coral rubble.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. aulicus.
The conchological differences between C.
aulicus and shells described as C.
gracianus do not justify separation at the species level. The latter shells
match subadults of C. aulicus in
morphometry, sculpture and colouration. RKK therefore consider C. gracianus to represent a dwarf local
form of C. aulicus from Madagascar.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus gradatulus Weinkauff, 1875
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NHMUK Holotype of C. turritus .Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Syst.
Conch. Cab. 2, p. 356, pl. 66, f. 5
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: Agulhas Bank. (C.
turritus Sowerby,1870)
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued (C. turritus)
Type Size: 47 x 19 mm
Nomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. turritus Sowerby, 1870
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus Species:-gradatulus
Synonyms:- papillaris A. Adams
& Reeve, 1848; turritus Sowerby,
1870; patens Sowerby iii, 1903
Geographic Range:-S. Africa From Cape Agulhas and surrounding area to
Cape Recife, near Port Elizabeth.
Habitat:-Deep water. Trawled offshore between 60 and 460 m of depth
Description:-Source Iconography
Shell conical, thin but solid, light, with a silky gloss. The spire is, characteristically
gradated, with stepped early whorls and with a slightly concave to straight
profile. The sutural ramps are concave, with the margins usually roundly
carinated, smooth. The shoulder is subangulate. Last whorl smooth, with
straight or slightly convex sides, tapering towards the base. The ground color
is white, pinkish or pale beige. Pattern consisting of irregular orange-brown
flammules or blotches usually arranged in spiral bands, with a broader one at
the mid-body and two other located above the base and below the shoulder
respectively.
Discussion:-Tenorio et al. have split C. gradatulus into two geographical subspecies, namely C. gradatulus gradatulus and C. gradatulus patens, inhabiting deep water to the east and to the west of Cape Agulhas respectively.
----------
Conus gradatulus patens Sowerby iii, 1903
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in SAMC Mike Filmer
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Mar.
Inv. S. Afr., p. 218, pl. 3, f. 7
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: Vasco da Gama Park, South Africa (Atlantic coast), green
sand, deep water.
Type Data: Holotype in SAMC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 68 x 35 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus gradatulus
Weinkauff, 1875
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus Species:-gradatulus patens subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-South Africa Offshore in deep water, from Cape
Peninsula to Namibia (reported as far north as Walvis Bay area).
Habitat:-Deep water; Trawled offshore between 80 and 400 m of depth
Description:-Source Iconography
General aspect of the shell as for the nominal species, but with a lower spire.
The shell is white or pale beige, paternless, occasionally a few very faint
markings may be present a little above the middle of the last whorl. Although
the holotype of C. patens clearly
corresponds to a white, thin and light shell as indicated, the name has been
commonly applied to heavy, chalky white shells, often with fossil appearance
even in live taken specimens. The interior of the aperture of these shells is
straw-yellow, occasionally pale pink. The operculum is very small for the size
of the shell.
Discussion:-The lower spire and the absence of pattern readily separate
the shells of Atlantic C. gradatulus
patens from the higher-spired and patterned shel1s of C. gradatulus gradatulus from the Indian Ocean. For now, and upon
the information currently available, T, M consider the heavy, chalky shells as
ecological forms (probably as result of adaptation to an environment of
corrosive sand or mud) of C. gradatulus
patens.
C. gradatulus patens is similar to C. teramachii, but it lacks the rim like
carinate margins and the heavy nodules on the early whorls of the latter.
Besides, the ground color of C.
teramachii is different.
----------
Conus gradatus Wood, 1828
Pictures:
Picture Link: Neotype
in SBMNH Manolo Tenorio
Published in: Ind.
Test. Suppl., p. 8, pl. 3, f. 6
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: California, restricted (da Motta) to Isla San Pedro,
Matir, Gulf of California.
Type Data: Neotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 33.8 x 14.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-gradatus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Sea of Cortez, W. Mexico - Peru
Habitat:-Found exposed on rubble in depths to 65 feet
Description:-Source Da Motta 1889
The shell, averaging 40 rmn, is almost cylindrical with an acuminate and scalariform
spire, consisting of eight spiral whorls, topped by a double-whorled
protoconch; surface of spire whorls flat, etched with arcuate striae, sloping
at an angle, with the edges folding slightly inward. Several post- nuclear
whorls are obsoletely beaded, otherwise the whorls are smoothly carinate. The
shoulders are narrowly angulate; the sides are immediately flat, and taper down
the attenuated length. Body whorl is smooth with a waxy gloss. A few shallow
grooves are incised at the anterior end where the columella is not visible
externally. Aperture is laterally narrow with a trenchant outer lip. Ground
color is tan throughout, The spiral whorls marked with reddish brown strands in
an irregular radial pattern. Body whorl is decorated with lines of smaller
dots. The pattern is smeared with patches of the same color without any
particular order. The interior is the same ground color as the body whorl.
Periostracum is fawn color and translucent.
Discussion:-A neotype has been allocated in the Iconography 2012.
----------
Conus grahami Röckel, von Cosel & Burnay, 1980
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: La
Conchiglia 12 (130-1:10)
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Sao Vincent, Cape Verde Is.
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 24 x 13 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-grahami
Synonyms:- longilineus Röckel,
Rolán & Monteiro, 1980; luziensis
Rolán, Röckel & Monteiro, 1983
Geographic Range:-Sao Vicente, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:-In sand under stones
Description:-Source: Röckel, Rolán
& Monteiro Cape Verde book 1980
Cone with a small, bulgy, high spired dark olive- greenish shell. The body
whorl is convex-sided and has a rounded shoulder; its surface is smooth, except
in its anterior portion, where some weak spiral cords are present. The spire
whorls present 3 to 5 well visible spiral grooves.
The dark olive-green colour is interrupted by two spiral rows of irregular
white spots, forming a variable pattern. On the anterior white row, brown spots
are often present. Moreover, the body whorl presents many inconspicuous dark
spiral lines, sometimes interrupted by white dots. The spire also presents
white dots on a green background.
The aperture is light whitish violet, in juvenile specimens whole mouth violet,
at mid-body and under the shoulder presenting white spiral bands.
Recently, different populations of the same species were found in Sal island
and in S. Luzia island, with differences from the typical form so constant and
obvious that we present them here as two new subspecies:
Discussion:-
Conus grahami f. longilineus Röckel, Rolán
& Monteiro, 1980
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Cone
Shells form Cape Verde Is., p. 85, f. 56-7
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Sal Is., Cape Verde Is.
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 16.8 x 8.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
grahami Röckel, von Cosel & Burnay, 1980
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-grahami longilineus forma; described as a subspecies
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Sal, Cape Verde Islands.
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source: Original description C. grahami
C. g. longilineus s.sp.
The specimens from Sal are much smaller and more elongated, with a fine pattern
of white dots on a light green ground colour. The strongly elongated shape and
the particularly fine pattern separate the present subspecies from C. grahami grahami and C. grahami pseudoventricosus.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus grahami f. luziensis
Rolán, Röckel & Monteiro, 1983
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
C. pseudoventricosus Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Alexander Medvedev
Published in: La
Conchiglia xv, no. 174-175, p. 17
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Santa Luzia, Cape Verde Islands.(C. pseudoventricosus)
Type Data: Holotype was in collection Tursch (C.pseudoventricosus) and currently assumed to be lost
Type Size: 30.5 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. pseudoventricosus Röckel, Rolán,
Monteiro.
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus grahami
Röckel, von Cosel & Burnay, 1980
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-grahami luziensis forma
Synonyms:- pseudoventricosus Röckel,
Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
Geographic Range:-Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:-On sand bottoms
Description:-Source Original description C. pseudoventricosus
The specimens collected have a bluish-white ground colour, with yellowish to
dark olive green spiral zones, and presenting some light coloured spiral bands,
usually near the shoulder, on the upper third of the body whorl and below
mid-body. The entire surface of the body whorl is covered with very fine spiral
lines, consisting of white and dark dots. The aperture is dark violet with two
white bands, at the shoulder and below mid-body, near the lip, whereas the
inner portion is white.
The body whorl is heavily inflated, with convex sides, giving the shell a broad
appearance. The spire whorls show three strong spiral grooves and the first
post-embrionic whorls are dark brown.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus granarius Kiener, 1845
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
Kiener (1845, pl. 98, fig. 1; coll. Bernardi)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Spec.
Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p.215, pl. 98, f. 1
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Santa Marta, Colombia
Type Data: There is a cited figure : Kiener (1845, pl. 98, fig. 1; coll.
Bernardi)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus mappa
[Lightfoot], 1786
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Tenorioconus Species:-mappa granarius subsp.
Synonyms:- interstinctus Guppy, 1866; desmotus
Tomlin, 1937; panamicus Petuch, 1990
Geographic Range:-Panama to Venezuela
Habitat:-Found on muddy sand or silt, often with calcareous algae and
sponges at depths of 3 to 50 m
Description:-Source Vink
C. mappa granarius from the mineral
substrate in the Santa Marta area differs from other populations of C. mappa in
having the background colour purplish grey to bluish violet. In some specimens
the background even looks darker than the light orange patches and maculations.
On the other hand specimens from calcareous algae bottoms usually have a white,
cream or pinkish white background. The patches or maculations may be orange,
yellowish brown, reddish brown or dark chocolate brown and may sometimes even
be missing. The shape of C. mappa
granarius is variable with deeper water specimens being very high-spired.
The surface is often strongly granulated. The internal restriction is very
strong.
Vink & Cosel
Shell whitish or purplish grey to bluish violet, with often only a few orange
to dark brown patches or maculations, sometimes reduced to narrow spiral bands
only. Surface more or less strongly granulated. Internal restriction always
strong to very strong. Aperture white to pale violet or brownish. Spire
moderately high to very high
Discussion:-No Data
Conus
granarius panamicus Petuch,
1990
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in USNM Alan Kohn
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Nautilus.
104 (2), p. 67, f. 26 & 27
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Portobelo, Panama.
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 24 x 11 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus
granarius Kiener, 1845 or a subspecies of that species
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
panamicus
Conus granarius f. sanctaemarthae
Vink, 1977
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in RNHL Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Zool.
Meded. (Leiden). Li, no. 5, p. 91,
pl. 1, f. 5., pl. 4, f. 4-6
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Ten km. north of Santa Marta, Colombia.
Type Data: Holotype in RNHL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 53 x 29.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus mappa [Lightfoot], 1786 or Conus granarius
Kiener, 1845
Current Group
Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Tenorioconus Species:-mappa sanctaemarthae forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-E. Columbia
Habitat:-Offshore
Description:-Source Original description
The background is purplish grey with various, somewhat darker bands and
numerous spiral lines of alternating cream and dark brown streaks. The spiral
lines , weakly sculptured near base are close together. On several specimens
there are addtional yellow brown to reddish brown maculations. Spire moderately
concave, whorls caniculate except for early whorls which are tuberculated.
Shoulder on body whorl smooth. There is strong internal restriction in
aperture.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus grangeri Sowerby iii, 1900
Pictures:.
Picture Link:
Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. 7, p. 441, pl. xi, f. 5
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 44 x 22 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-grangeri
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Red Sea; Sri Lanka;
Habitat:-In the Red Sea, on silt or sand in 210-800 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to moderately large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl
conical to ventricosely conical; outline convex at adapical third, straight
below; left side sigmoid. Shoulder angulate. Spire of low to moderate height,
outline concave to straight. Larval shell of about 2 whorls, maximum diameter
about 0.95 mm. About first 4 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural
ramps flat to slightly concave, with 1 increasing to 5-7 spiral grooves. Last
whorl with single or paired granulose spiral ribs on basal half. Within
adapical half, most ribs replaced by ribbons. In large specimens, sculpture
obsolete adapically.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with yellow to brown axial flames and spirally
aligned bars forming a variably distinct spiral band on each side of centre; an
additional subshoulder band may be present. Larval whorl white. Postnuclear
sutural ramps with radial streaks and blotches matching pattern of last whorl
in colour. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 31-58 mm
RW 0.11-0.37 g/mm
RD 0.56-0.68
PMD 0.80-0.87
RSH 0.12-0.23
Discussion:-C. grangeri is
most similar to C. rolani. The latter
species is distinguished by its tuberculate postnuclear whorls, more larval
whorls and strong sculpture on the last whorl, even in large specimens.
----------
Conus granifer Reeve, 1849
Pictures:
Picture Link: Syntype
in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Conch.
Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. vii, sp. 272.
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Philippines
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 26 x 12 mm figure
Nomenclature:
An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus furvus Reeve, 1843
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Calibanus Species:-furvus granifer forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-From infralittoral fringe to about 60 m; on sand
Description:-
Shell Morphometry
L 35-71 mm
RW 0.10-0.40 g/mm
RD 0.50-0.69
PMD 0.80-0.94
RSH 0.03-0.23
-C. granifer : Last whorl conical,
outline convex. Shoulder often undulate. Number of tuberculate postnuclear
whorls comparatively high. Granulose spiral ribs often extend from base to
shoulder. Ground colour white to brown. Spiral rows of brown dots on and
between granulose ribs. Intergrades with form cecilei in shape in Sulu Archipelago, Philippines, but differs in
its granulose surface.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus granulatus Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in LSL Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Systema
Naturae 10th ed., 1 p. 716
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: African Ocean, (erroneous), corrected (Clench) Jamaica.
Type Data: Lectotype in LSL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41 x 21 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gladioconus Species:-granulatus
Synonyms:- laetus Gmelin, 1791; verulosus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792; antillarum Röding, 1798; roseus G. Fischer, 1807; espinosai Sarasua, 1977
Geographic Range:-E Florida, USA - Panama; Cuba - Martinique;
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Habitat:-Offshore rock slabs
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately heavy with a good gloss; rather cylindrical, the upper sides
straight and nearly parallel or convex; body whorl covered with broad spiral
ribs separated by narrow grooves; the ribs seen to made of two fused ridges;
numerous heavy axial threads, shoulder rounded, narrow, convex above; spire low
to moderate, the sides straight to convex, pointed often eroded; early 4-6
whorls nodulose; spire whorls often weakly stepped; body whorl creamy pink to
bright red, covered with many spiral rows of small brown dashes and often broad
tan to dark brown bands and flammules; in fresh specimens the shell is
brightest red with distinct brown flammules and bands; usually with a well marked
whitish/pale pink spiral band at midbody with posteriorly dark brown irregular
squares; spire and shoulder pinkish to white with dark brown to reddish spaced
spots formed as extension of flammules; aperture Narrow posteriorly wider
anteriorly; outer lip thin straight to convex; mouth pink to white;
Discussion:-Tucker comments: The Glory of the Atlantic cone is well
known but some of the variations have been troublesome. This particularly
involves specimens with reduced body ornamentation. The body can be ornamented
by deep sulci ( the lectotype). Others have moderately developed ridges and sulci.
Still, others are essentially smooth bodied. They do, however, retain the
bright colors and usually have yellow colored early whorls. The first name
given to these was G. espinosai Sarasua.
----------
Conus granulosa Dautzenberg, 1937
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in IRSN Mike Filmer
Published in: Mem.
Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg. Ii, fasc. 18, p. 32
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Amboin, Indonesia
Type Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41.1 x 21.4mm
Nomenclature: A homonym:- an available name, an invalid name, a homonym
of C. granulosus Röding, 1798, of
Sowerby, 1834, of Barros E Cunha, 1933, of C.
granulosa Lamarck, 1822 and of Barros E Cunha, 1933
Taxonomy: An invalid synonym:- a synonym form (invalid name) for
granulose C. arenatus Hwass, 1792.
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name granulosa
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-granulosa is a
homonym and invalid name widely used.
We deal with granulated specimens.
----------
Conus granum Röckel & Fischöder, 1985
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in ZSM Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Spixiana
viii, no. 1, p. 67, f. 1 - 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality:
Manobol, Sulu Archipelago, Philippine Islands.
Type Data: Holotype in ZSM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25.8 x 10.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Leporiconus Species:-granum
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Taiwan - Fiji & New Caledonia; Maldives; W
Thailand
Habitat:-In 25-240 m, in sand and coral rubble
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to moderately small, light to moderately light. Last whorl usually
narrowly ovate to ovate or ventricosely conical; outline usually convex; left
side may be concave at base. Shoulder indistinct, sometimes rounded. Spire of
moderate height to high, outline sigmoid to convex. Larval shell of 2.75- 3.25
whorls, maximum diameter about 0.70 mm. First 2.5-5 postnuclear whorls
tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly convex, with 1
increasing to 3 spiral grooves in early whorls and with weak spiral striae in
later whorls. Last whorl with closely spaced fine, weak to distinct spiral ribs
from base to shoulder.
Ground colour bluish violet, reddish violet in the Indian Ocean. Last whorl
with three violet-brown spiral bands, below shoulder, at centre and within
basal third. Subcentral band often adapically bordered by dark brown spots.
Larval whorls and first 2-3 postnuclear sutural ramps reddish violet. Following
sutural ramps with pale brown radial blotches. Aperture whitish violet behind a
translucent marginal zone.
Shell Morphometry
L 20-36 mm
RW 0.04-0.10 g/mm
RD 0.45-0.55
PMD 0.71-0.85
RSH 0.18-0.26
Discussion:-Before its description, C.
granum was sometimes identified as C.
luteus or C. tenuistriatus, although
these are markedly larger species. C.
luteus differs in its more distinct shoulder, largely smooth surface,
broader (0.95-1.1 mm) and yellow larval shell, and in colour pattern with brown
spiral lines on the last whorl. C. nucleus can be distinguished by its orange
to olive-brown colour, largeley smooth surface, and smaller number (1-3 vs.
2.5-5) of weakly rather than distinctly tuberculate early postnuclear whorls;
its larval shell is yellow, broader (0.9 mm), and comprises 4 whorls.
Indian Ocean specimens (Pinkish) differ from typical C. granum (Brown/Purple) only in the ground color of their shells;
we therefore consider them to represent the same species.
----------
Conus gratacapii Pilsbry, 1904
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Syntype in ANSP Mike Filmer
Published in: Proc.
Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 56 (1), p. 7, pl. 1, figs 10 & 10 a
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Japan(Fossil)
Type Data: Syntype in ANSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: two syntypes: 29.8 x
11 mm and 37.9 x 15 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Turriconus Species:-gratacapii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Taiwan; Ryukyu Islands
Habitat:-Recent shells are reported from deep water
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small. Last whorl conical; outline of right side straight, of left
side slightly sigmoid. Shoulder angulate. Spire high, outline almost straight.
Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave, with 7-8 spiral grooves in later
whorls. Last whorl with spiral grooves from base to shoulder, deeper and more
closely spaced basally. Colour white.
Shell Morphometry
L 28-31 mm
RW -
RD 0.54-0.56
PMD 0.89-0.95
RSH 0.34-0.39
Discussion:
----------
Conus
gregorioi Crabos & Pomponet
Olivera, 2021
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP
Published in: Xenophora
Taxonomy 32, P. 43-47, Fig. 2, Pl. 2, fig. 0- 5b & 10 a
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: Itapua Beach, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 14 x 7.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-JASPIDICONUS
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-gregorioi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brazil, only known from Itapua beach
Habitat:-At depth of 2-30 m
Description:-: Holotype is a beached specimen.
“A medium species”, heavy for their size, quite fat barrel body with 16 to 18 fainted brown interrupted lines on a pale brown background, white aperture, pale pink protoconch quite flat, shoulders showing about 15 brown spots, rather convex sides.
----------
Conus grohi Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in NMPM Original Description
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Visaya
1 (1), p. 22
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Aliguay Island, Phillipines
Type Data: Holotype in NMPM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 23 x 12 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus spirofilis Habe & Kosuge, 1970
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Yeddoconus Species:-spirofilis grohi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Aliguay Is, Philippines
Habitat:-Found around 100m on mud.
Description:-Source Original description Visaya
Moderately small to small shell. The profile is broadly conical, with a
moderate spire and a carinate shoulder. Outline of the last whorl sigmoid,
convex adapically and concave basally: shape pyriform. Spire concave with a a
concave sutural ramp. Protoconch with 3 globose white and transluscent whorls.
In all three the specimen the very upper part (first half or first whorl) of
the protoconch is broken, probably due to improper handling. The sutural ramps
are covered with numerous axial grooves and very faint spiral grooves near the
suture. These spiral grooves become more prominent on the last whorl. The
carina of the first three teleoconch whorls is tuberculate. Suture deep and
wide.
Last whorl very glossy, the basal third is covered with regularly spaced spiral
grooves. They number between 6 and 10 on the dorsum according to the specimen.
The aperture is rather narrow and the inside has the same colour as the base
colour of the shell which is mainly ivory white with a tinge of pink. The
pattern of the spire consists of faint brown radial flecks. Two of the three
specimens have oblique shoulder spots on the carina. The last whorl is covered
with fine spiral rows of dashes that number between 7 and 19 according to the
specimen. They may be well pronounced as in paratype l or hardly visible as in
the holotype. Three bands of interrupted cloudy brown blotches are present.
They vary in strength between hardly visible in paratype 2 to very prominent in
paratype I. The upper band is less pronounced than both others. The columella
is more pale than the rest of the shell.
Discussion:-The closest relative to Conus
grohi is Conus spirofilis Habe
& Kosuge, 1970. spirofilis. At first glance both species look similar but
multiple small details differentiate them. The sutural ramp of C. grohi is much more concave than in C. spirofilis. C. grohi is slightly
broader than C. spirofilis and its
spire is not so pointed. The spiral grooves on the lower half of C. grohi are much more pronounced and
often obsolete in C. spirofilis. Apart
from these differences in shape both species have a superficial resemblance in
pattern and colour. However, C. grohi
is more pinkish coloured and the whole pattern is rather in soft tones -pastels.
----------
Conus grondini Larue,
1985 A nomen nudum; only listed for
reference
No pictures available
Published in: Xenophora
69, 19
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: New Caledonia
Type Data: Holotype in unknown collection and currently assumed to be
lost
Type Size: 42 mm
Nomenclature: A nomen nudum:- an unavailable name (nomen nudum),
description conditional
Taxonomy: Not applicable
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
----------
Conus guanahacabibensis Espinosa & Ortea, 2016
Pictures:.
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNHNC Espinosa
& Ortea
Published in: Rev. Acad. Canar. Cienc., Vol. XXVIII, 209-214;
Pl. 1
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Playa María la
Gorda, península de Guanahacabibes, Cuba
Type Data: Holotype in Museo
Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 15.1 x 8.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Purpuriconus Species:-guanahacabibensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cuba
Habitat:-On rocks
Description:-Vink Original description
Shell of biconic shape, very wide, with convex sides
and medium size compared to other Antillean species of the genus. Protoconch
mammilate, with almost two smooth whorls. Teleoconch with about six whorls,
adorned on the spire only by thin axial growth lines. The sculpture of the last
whorl is formed by 16 to 18 low spiral cords and axial growth lines which form
small nodules when cutting the cords but vanish towards the ends of the shell;
in addition, there is a secondary spiral cord inserted between the two
primaries below the shoulder of the last whorl. On the shoulder there are
relatively large and somewhat irregular nodules, mostly colored white, which
are also on the edges of the remaining whorls tops. The background color of the
shell is brown, with a darker spiral band on the shoulder of the whorls and
another towards the middle portion of the last whorl, both with large white
spots; the protoconch and the first whorls of the teleoconch are yellow and the
remainder of the spire is white with dark spots and fine brown lines. The
aperture inside is also brown, some specimens have a purplish white tint in
their anterior part.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus guanche Lauer, 1993
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNHN Bill Fenzan
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Apex
viii, no. 1-2, p. 37, f. 3-5
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Punta Blanca, Tenerife, Canary Is.
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 34 x 18 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lautoconus Species:-guanche
Synonyms:- nitens Lauer, 1993; saharicus Petuch & Berschauer, 2016
Geographic Range:- Canaries, W. Sahara, Mauritania
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Iconography
The shell is small to moderately small (normal length: 25 to 30 mm), with a
moderately raised spire. The suture is well marked, lined with dark brown.
The background color of the shell is usually bluish, with many fine brownish
markings forming a very irregular pattern. Every population seems to have its
own morphological characteristics (size, shape, pattern). Thus, there are
shells uniformly colored rusty brown, as well as nearly white ones, with very
reduced pattern. Exceptional specimens can be reddish-orange. The aperture is
bluish white within.
Discussion:-
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus gubba Kiener, 1845
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in collection Gubba Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv., pl. 104,
f. 1
Picture Link:
Paul Kersten
Published in: Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p. 289,
pl. 104, f. 1
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: Holotype was in collection Gubba and currently assumed to be
lost
Type Size: 38mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
cinereus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-cinereus gubba forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Manus Island, PNG
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. cinereus
C. gubba was described as having a
uniformly blackish brown adult shell, and a juvenile shell with white flecks.
It seems to be restricted to Manus Id., Papua New Guinea. It cannot be
separated from C. cinereus by shape
or sculpture of the shell but its distinctive colouration and limited
distribution may justify subspecies status.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus gubernator Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Encyc.
Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1, p.
727
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Indian Ocean
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 76 x 34 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-gubernator
Synonyms:- terminus Lamarck, 1810; leehmani Rockel & da Motta, 1979; veillardi da Motta, 1990;
Geographic Range:-Natal and Madagascar to Somalia, Mascarenes, and
Seychelles to Chagos and to Maldives and Laccadives.
Habitat:-In Mozambique, in the low intertidal zone in sheltered or
semi-sheltered habitats, on muddy sand and sand. in Natal, in depths below 30
m; in the Mascarenes, in 40-60 m; in the Chagos Archipelago, in 0.3-3.0 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to moderately heavy. Last whorl conical
to ventricosely conical in form leehmani,
also narrowly conical and narrowly conoid-cylindrical to conoid-cylindrical in
typical form and intermediate shells; outline slightly to sometimes strongly
convex at adapical fourth to third, straight below; adapical fourth often
bulbous and central area slightly concave in form leehmani and intermediate shells. Siphonal fasciole and siphonal
notch ranging from indistinct to prominent. Shoulder angulate to usually
carinate. Spire of low to moderate height; outline slightly convex or slightly
sigmoid to concave, concave to deeply concave in form leehmani. Larval shell of 2.5-2.75 whorls (form leehmani); maximum diameter about 0.8
mm in form leehmani, 0.8-1.2 mm in
typical form. First 4-8 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural
ramps flat in early whorls, concave to deeply concave in late whorls, with 0- 1
increasing to 5- 10 spiral grooves; spiral sculpture weak to obsolete on latest
ramps. Last whorl with several shallow spiral grooves on basal fourth to third
and variably broad ribbons between; fine spiral threads extending from shoulder
to base, occasionally coarser on basal ribbons.
Typical form : Ground colour white, often suffused with violet and less
commonly with grey or brown. Last whorl with separate or confluent tan, reddish
or blackish brown axial markings. Each marking may have two different shades of
brown; surface often with underlying yellowish brown to violet background pattern.
Violet tints more pronounced in specimens from Mozambique, Madagascar and
Aldabra Is. than in shells from more northern localities. Axial markings
variable in size and shape, ranging from irregular flecks to large, often
zigzag flames. Pattern elements evenly distributed across last whorl or
clustered in spiral rows on both sides of centre; rows may partially fuse into
solid bands. Shells lacking surface pattern elements intergrade with shells
with a heavily blotched and banded last whorl. Siphonal fasciole white,
occasionally tinged with yellowish brown. Larval whorls and first 1-4
postnuclear sutural ramps white to orange, or light pink. Following sutural
ramps with yellowish to reddish or dark brown radial blotches, streaks or
lines. Aperture white to bluish white; occasionally bright orange deep within.
Shell Morphometry
L 50-106 mm
RW 0.27-0.95 g/mm
(L 50-93 mm)
RD 0.46-0.55
(Mozambique, Tanzania, Madagascar, Somalia; 0.48-0.57 Amirantes, Seychelles,
Mascarenes, Sri Lanka; 0.55-0.64 Maldives, Laccadives)
PMD 0.78-0.90
RSH 0.04-0.15
Form C. g. terminus is slim and
widest below shoulder. It has brown markings in wavy axial patterns on white
background.
Form C. g. veillardi some shell with
orange and white pattern fron Western Indian Ocean;
Discussion:-C. gubernator is
most similar to C. striatus, with
which it broadly co-occurs. C. striatus
is distinguished by more cylindrical or ovate last whorl (PMD 0.69- 0.82) and
its larval shell of about 3.5 (vs. 2.75) whorls. Its typical form and form floridus differ also in the prominent
spiral lines on the last whorl. C. magus may also be similar to typical C. gubernator. It differs in its
angulate to subangulate shoulder and its more prominent spiral sculpture on the
late sutural ramps; spiral rows of dots and dashes on the last whorl are absent
in C. gubernator. Conchological similarities in size, sculpture of last whorl
and spire as well as colour pattern suggest that C. gubernator and the form originally described as C. leehmani are conspecific. The latter
occurs mainly in the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes and occasionally in
Mozambique. Specimens from Chagos, Seychelles, Amirantes, and Mascarenes are
intermediate in shell morphology, colour pattern, and apex colouration between
typical C. gubernator and form leehmani. The species originally
described as C. veillardi differs
from C. gubernator only in its
smaller adult size. Colour pattern of the last whorl, aperture colour and
sculpture of the shell agree with C.
gubernator and we regard C. veillardi
as a local variant. Shells of smaller adult size but otherwise not
separable from typical C. gubernator are known also from the
nearby Aldabra Is.
Conus gubernator f.
leehmani Röckel
& da Motta, 1979
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: La
Conchiglia xi, no. 122-123, p. 17
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Maldive Islands, Indian Ocean
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 65.3 x 34 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
gubernator Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-gubernator leehmani forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Maldives, Laccadive Islands
Habitat:-Intertidal to 60 m
Description:-
Form leehmani : ground colour white
to cream. Last whorl with a yellowish brown spiral band on each side of centre;
an additional spiral band may be present below shoulder. Spiral colour bands
separate or connected by a variable number of identically coloured axial
streaks to broad bands. Dark or reddish brown spots or axial streaks or blotches
mostly over spiral bands; markings usually sparse and irregularly spaced,
occasionally absent. Siphonal fasciole white or tinged with yellow. Larval and
first 1-4 postnuclear sutural ramps orange. Following sutural ramps with
reddish brown radial blotches. Aperture white, pale orange deep within in some
specimens.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus gubernator f.
terminus Lamarck, 1810
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
of Lectotype Kiener (1845, pl. 48, fig.
1d)
Published in: Ann.
du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) xv, p. 426
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Ocean asiatique
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Kiener
(1845, pl. 48, fig. 1d)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
gubernator Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-gubernator terminus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-Intertidal to 60 m
Description:-
Form C. g. terminus is slim and
widest below shoulder with long cylindrical outline.. It has brown markings in wavy axial patterns on white
background.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus gubernator f. veillardi da Motta, 1990
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: La
Conchiglia xxii, no. 253-255, p. 44
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Glorieuses Islands, western Indian Ocean
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 52.4 x 25.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
gubernator Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-gubernator veillardi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Iles Glorieuse
Habitat:-Intertidal to 60m.
Description:-
The species originally described as C.
veillardi differs from C. gubernator
only in its smaller adult size. Colour pattern of the last whorl, aperture
colour and sculpture of the shell agree with C. gubernator and we regard C.
veillardi as a local variant. Shells of smaller adult size but otherwise
not separable from typical C. gubernator
are known.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus gubernatrix Petuch & Berschauer, 2018
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
LACM
Published in: Festivus
Vol. 50; p. 30-31; Figures 10, 13 I, J
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: On sand flats at low tide, southern coast of Gobernadora
Island, Gulf of Montijo, Veraguas Province, Panama
Type Data: Holotype in LACM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 22.3
x 10.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Ximeniconus Species:-gubernatrix
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:- At present, known only from the Gulfs of Chiriqui and
Montijo, Pacific Panama, but the species may also extend southward to the
Perlas Islands and Gulf of Panama
Habitat:- The new Panamanian species prefers intertidal sand flats in
quiet, protected areas within bays and coastal lagoons
Description:-
Shell small for genus, averaging 24 mm, stocky and pyriform, wide across
shoulder, with rounded convex sides; shoulder slightly rounded but angled, with
sloping subsutural area; spire high and elevated, acutely subpyramidal and
pagodiform; spire whorls slightly indented and canaliculate; body whorl smooth
and shiny, with 10 widely-spaced, faintly-incised thin spiral sulci around
anterior half; spire whorls smooth and polished; base color of body whorl pale
salmon-orange overlaid with proportionally very large, closely of shoulder;
early whorls and protoconch pale salmon-orange; aperture proportionally narrow,
white becoming pale salmon or yellow deep within interior.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus guiandradoi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Published
in: Malacologia 97, p. 52-53 with
pictures
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: NE from Sal Rei in Baixa da Hortinha, Boa Vista Island,
Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 25 x14 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of josephinae Rolŕn, 1980; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-guiandradoi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cape Verde
Habitat:-Found at 18-25 m
Description:-Source Original Description
Medium-sized shell (16 to 26 mm) from piriform profile, with a low, rounded
loop; there color of the spire tends to white. The opening is wide with white
cerulean color, lines flickering brown spirals, with varying intensity,
characterize the last lap. The shoulder is round and accompanies the profile of
the last lap, slightly convex in the part high and almost straight in the
distal part. The siphonic channel is broad and in line with the development of
the shell. Horny operculum elongated and slightly wide.
Discussion:
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus guidopoppei Raybaudi G. (Massilia), 2006
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNHN Picture from the original description
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Visaya
1 (5), 43
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Balabac, Palawan, Philippines
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 34.7 x 13.6 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-guidopoppei
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Palawan, Philippines
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Last whorl narrowly
conical, outline mostly straight; left side slightly concave above base.
Shoulder sharply angulate to carinate. Ground colour white , last whorl usually
with reddish brown to dark brown axial blotches, though dark brown. Yellow or
orange variant are not uncommon. Closely spaced spiral rows of alternating
reddish brown and white dots and dashes extend from base to shoulder leaving a
less dense central belt.
Base usually white. Protoconch and early 1.5 postnuclear whorls
characteristically off-white, even in dark brown coloured specimens. Aperture
white in dark specimens; yellow to orange in shells with yellow or orange
pattern.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus guinaicus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Encyc.
Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1, p.
697
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Guinea
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 43 x 24 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lautoconus Species:-guinaicus
Synonyms:- adansonii Lamarck,
1810; grayi Reeve, 1844; taslei Kiener, 1845; pineaui Pin & Leung Tack, 1989; wolof
Petuch & Berschauer, 2018
Geographic Range:-Senegal
Habitat:-Offshore
Description:-Source Iconography
Shell moderately small to large (normal length: 40 to 50 mrn), with a very
blunt and pyriform profile. The spire is moderately high to high, with a
slightly convex profile. The ground color of the shell is usually light bluish,
with a pattern of irregular, occasionally vaguely reticulated brown markings.
The brown areas can be so broad as to cover the entire shell, which can even be
very dark brown (i.e. specimens from Goree Island). There is a light-colored
spiral band, which can be very thin or relatively wide, at about mid-body. The
aperture is light bluish, with a lighter spiral band at about its central
portion and another less visible one on its upper portion, both of which
interrupt a brown axial zone parallel to the inner lip.
Discussion:-.
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Copyright Paul Kersten. Rights to all images remains with the originator. Every effort has been made by the editor to respect copyright and image rights and to seek the appropriate approvals. The source of any text quoted from original descriptions or other publications is acknowledged. Acknowledgements and References can be viewed by clicking on the links provided. Should you have any queries or material which would improve the content of the website, you may contact the author at the E mail address on home page.
Last update May 2021