Conus oahuensis Tucker, Tenorio, Chaney, 2011
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SBMNH Manuel Tenorio
Picture Link: Paratype 7 Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Hawaii
The Sea Shells Addendum
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Oahu, Hawaii
Type Data: Holotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 106.8 x 50.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus striatus
Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-striatus oahuensis subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Hawaii
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Morphometric pararneters: L = 55 to 129 mm (mean 98 mm); RD = 0.44 to 0.54
(mean 0.48); RSH = 0.00 to 0.12 (mean 0.04); PMD = 0.76 to 0.82 (mean 0.76).
Shell large to very large. The last whorl is narrowly conoid-cylindrical, with
an almost straight outline, very often with nearly parallel sides specially in
larger specimens. The general appearance is more elongated than the nominate
subspecies. The shoulder is smooth and sharply carinate. The spire is low or
very low, with a spire outline concave to extremely concave. The spire is very
often depressed below the shoulder. This is a feature characteristic of this
subspecies. The early teleoconch sutural rarnps are flat, concave in latest
whorls. The spire whorls have cords becoming obsolete in latest rarnps. The
siphonal fasciole bears distinct spiral ribs. The protoconch is pale pink. The
ground color of the shell is pinkish white. The spire is patterned with brown
and white blotches. The color pattem ofthe last whorl is very much like in the
nominate subspecies, consisting of brown or purplish brown blotches composed of
closely spaced transverse lines. The aperture is white. The periostracum is
thin, yellow, smooth and translucent.
Discussion:-The shell is narrower and more elongate than nominal
subspecies.
----------
Conus obscurus Sowerby ii, 1833
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
of Lectotype Conch Ill. (1833, Pt. 29,
fig. 26)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Conch.
Illus. pt. 29, f. 26
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Arabia
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Conch. Ill
(1833, Pt. 29, fig. 26)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Protostrioconus Species:-obscurus
Synonyms:- halitropus Bartsch
& Rehder, 1943
Geographic Range:-S. and E. Africa to Hawaii and French Polynesia;
absent from the Red Sea.
Habitat:-Intertidal to more than 40 m, more common subtidally; usually
reported from coral reefs.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, light to moderately light. Last whorl
cylindrical to narrowly cylindrical; outline almost straight; left side
slightly concave at basal fourth to third. Aperture wider at base than near
shoulder. Shoulder angulate. Spire usually of moderate height, outline straight
or slightly concave. Larval shell of 3.75-4.0 whorls, maximum diameter about 1
mm. First 2-4 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to
slightly concave, with 1 increasing to 4-6 major spiral grooves, sometimes to 8
finer grooves; sculpture usually weak on late ramps. Last whorl with a few weak
spiral ribs at base.
Last whorl greyish blue to violet. Variably prominent spiral rows of
alternating brown and grey dots and dashes from base to shoulder. Brown flames,
clouds and blotches usually concentrated in spiral bands below shoulder, just
above centre and within basal third. Larval whorls red to orange. Early
postnuclear sutural ramps grey, often dotted with dark brown at both margins in
first whorl and with brown radial lines and streaks in following whorls. Later
sutural ramps bluish grey with confluent brown radial blotches, often
completely overlaid with brown. Aperture translucent or with thin white enamel.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-44 mm
RW 0.02-0.06 g/mm
RD 0.46-0.52
PMD 0.58-0.74
RSH 0.11-0.16
Discussion:-C. tulipa is
similar in pattern and also lacks shoulder tubercles in the late postnuclear
whorls. However, it attains larger size (to 95 mm), has a generally broader and
often ovate last whorl (RD 0.50-0.57), a subangulate shoulder, and more
tuberculate early postnuclear whorls (4-7). C.
obscurus lacks a brown sutural line on the larval shell and prominent
marginal dots on the early postnuclear sutural ramps (except first whorl),
while C. tulipa does not have the
late sutural ramps overlaid with brown. C.
geographus, C. eldredi and C. fragilissimus can be distinguished
from C. obscurus by their white
ground colour and tuberculate later postnuclear whorls.
----------
Conus
ochraceus Lamarck, 1810
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Published in: Ann.
du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) xv, p. 275
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: None
Type Data: Lectotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 42 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of
Conus spurius Gmelin, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lindaconus Species:-spurius ochraceus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Jamaica
Habitat:-Not known.
Description:-Source Vink
A heavy shell, 40 to 80 mm, with low to moderate strongly concave sided spire.
Body whorl straight to slightly convex, and smooth. In some populations
distinct spiral ridges near the base which may cover nearly the whole body
whorl.
Shoulder roundly angulate, spire whorls smooth with rounded margins, slightly
stepped and concave above. Nucleus: 1.5 whorls; first 2 to 4 postnuclear whorls
coronated, coronation gradually diminishing in subsequent whorls and often not
apparent because of erosion. Animal cream-coloured, operculum ungulate and
large, often longer than 1/3 of aperture height. Radula tooth with serration
over 1/2 length of tooth and very short blade (Warmke, 1960). Periostracum
light brown to red brown, mostly transparent but also thick and obscuring the
contrasting colour pattern underneath.
C. ochraceus is a form of C. spurius with large yellowish
maculations as found for instance in Jamaica.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus ochroleucus Gmelin, 1791
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Representation of Lectotype Martini (1773, pl. 52, fig. 573)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Picture Link: Paul Kersten Specimen with pattern
Published in: Syst.
Nat. 13th ed. Vol. 1, pt, p. 3391
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Martini
(1773, pl. 52, fig. 573)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-ochroleucus
Synonyms:- praefectus
Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792; eburneus Röding,
1798; fasciatus Sowerby ii, 1857; tmetus Tomlin, 1937; pilkeyi Petuch, 1974
Geographic Range:-Taiwan and Philippines
Habitat:-In 6-60 m; on muddy bottom and on rocky substrate with patches
of rubble and coarse sand.
Description:-Source Living Conidae.
C. o. ochroleucus moderately large to
large, C. o. tmetus medium sized to
moderately large; moderately solid to solid. Last whorl narrowly
conoid-cylindrical to ventricosely conical; outline convex near shoulder,
almost straight below. Aperture somewhat wider at base than near shoulder;
siphonal fasciole usually prominent and siphonal notch curved to dorsal side in
larger specimens. Shoulder angulate (C.
o. ochroleucus) or subangulate (C. o.
tmetus). Spire of moderate height, outline concave. Larval shell of about
3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.8-0.9 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps
variably concave, with 1-2 increasing to 4-7 spiral grooves; additional spiral
striae on last 2 ramps. Abapical half of last whorl with pronounced narrow to
wide spiral grooves, either separating regularly spaced ribbons or ribbons and
ribs in varying sequence.
Ground colour cream in C. o. ochroleucus.
Last whorl with spiral bands and axial streaks of yellowish brown to brown
often leaving only a narrow ground-colour band of varying prominence near
centre. Larval whorls light brown, adjacent 3-4 sutural ramps solid brown.
Later sutural ramps with tan axial markings often producing regularly alternating
dark and light spots at outer margins of middle ramps. Aperture yellowish tan
to light orange. In C. o. tmetus,
last whorl light to dark brown except for yellowish to orangish brown basally;
a pale central or subcentral spiral band sometimes present. Larval whorls and a
few adjacent sutural ramps brown. Later sutural ramps pale grey or cream, with
dark brown curved streaks and marginal spots; dark markings more numerous,
larger and confluent on last 2 ramps. Aperture dark orange or yellow.
Shell Morphometry
L 55-88 mm (C. o. ochroleucus; 45-74
mm C. o. tmetus)
RW 0.15-0.40 g/mm (C. o. ochroleucus:
L 55-83 mm; 45-74 mm C. o. tmetus: L
55-68 mm)
RD 0.47-0.54
PMD 0.78-0.85
RSH 0.12-0.19
Discussion:-C. ochroleucus is
very similar to the sympatric C. flavus;
C. ochroleucus lacks ( most often) dark
brown axial markings on the last whorl of adult specimens, while C. flavus lacks marginal spots on the
middle sutural ramps. C. o. ochroleucus
can also be distinguished by its angulate shoulder, and by shape and armature
of its radular teeth. C. o. tmetus differs additionally in its mostly dark last
whorl with a contrasting light base. In spite of a narrower last whorl,
somewhat lighter weight, weaker sculpture on the last whorl and a pronounced
axially lineate pattern
C. radiatus has a low spire (RSH
0.05-0.12) with prominent substural ridges, its aperture lacks yellow or orange
shades, and its last whorl is more cylindrical and less conical (PMD 0.74-0.82)
and has a light spiral band at shoulder rather that near center.
C. pilkeyi as represented by the
holotype from the Solomon Is. has only minor differences from C. ochroleucus from Philippines but
agrees with the latter in important conchological characters Because of the
striking similarity of specimens from Fiji, Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea that
agree with the description of C. pilkeyi
RKK consider the allopatric populations they represent a subspecies of C. ochroleucus. C. tmetus refers to a juvenile specimen of C. pilkeyi. As C. tmetus
has priority over C. pilkeyi, the
correct name for the eastern subspecies is
C. o. tmetus. C. praefectus, C. fasciatus
and C. eburneus (Röding) are synonyms
of C. o. ochroleucus.
Conus ochroleucus tmetus Tomlin, 1937
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in:
Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond. xxii, part 4, p. 206
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality:
New Ireland. (C. sulciferus Adams, 1854)
Type Data:
Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued (C. sulciferus)
Type Size: 23 x
10 mm a juvenile
Nomenclature:
An available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum) for C. sulciferus
A. Adams, 1854.
Taxonomy:
Subspecies of Conus ochroleucus
Gmelin, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella
Species:-ochroleucus tmetus subsp.
Synonyms:- sulciferus
A. Adams, 1854
Geographic Range:-Papua New Guniea - Fiji; Indonesia; India
Habitat:-In
6-60 m; on muddy bottom and on rocky substrate with patches of rubble and
coarse sand.
Description:-Source
Living Conidae C. ochroleucus.
C. o. ochroleucus moderately large to large, C. o. tmetus
medium sized to moderately large; moderately solid to solid. Last whorl
narrowly conoid-cylindrical to ventricosely conical; outline convex near
shoulder, almost straight below. Aperture somewhat wider at base than near
shoulder; siphonal fasciole usually prominent and siphonal notch curved to
dorsal side in larger specimens. Shoulder angulate (C. o. ochroleucus)
or subangulate (C. o. tmetus). Spire of moderate height, outline
concave. Larval shell of about 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.8-0.9 mm.
Teleoconch sutural ramps variably concave, with 1-2 increasing to 4-7 spiral
grooves; additional spiral striae on last 2 ramps. Abapical half of last whorl
with pronounced narrow to wide spiral grooves, either separating regularly
spaced ribbons or ribbons and ribs in varying sequence.
In C. o. tmetus, last whorl light to
dark brown except for yellowish to orangish brown basally; a pale central or
subcentral spiral band sometimes present. Larval whorls and a few adjacent
sutural ramps brown. Later sutural ramps pale grey or cream, with dark brown
curved streaks and marginal spots; dark markings more numerous, larger and
confluent on last 2 ramps. Aperture dark orange or yellow.
Shell
Morphometry
L
45-74 mm C. o. tmetus
RW
0.15-0.40 g/mm (C. o. tmetus: L 55-68 mm)
RSH
0.12-0.19
The
type of C. tmetus is a dark brown
variety considered a subspecies.
Discussion:-No
Data
----------
Conus ogum Petuch & Myers , 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MZSP Petuch & Myers
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Xenophora
Taxonomy 3, 34 & 35 with pic., pl. 3 H & I
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: off Aratuba, Itaparica Island, Bahia State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype
in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 17 x 8.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-ogum
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- At present, known only from the southern end of
Itaparica Island at the mouth of Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil. The
new species may also be present on other nearby islands in Todos os Santos Bay
and the adjacent coastline south to Guaibim and Ribeira, in shallow areas with
clean carbonate sand near living corals and beds of sargassum weed
Habitat:- On carbonate sand, 2 m depth
Description:-Source Original description
Shell of average size for genus, inflated and fusiform, with slightly convex
sides; shoulder sharply-angled, bordered by thin, undulating carina; spire
elevated, broadly pyramidal, with slightly stepped whorls; body whorl heavily
sculptured with 16 large, prominent, evenly-spaced beaded spiral cords, which
are equally developed over entire body whorl; spire whorls smooth; body whorl
color bright red-orange, overlaid with large amorphous patches of darker
red-orange and pinkish-orange; shoulder carina pinkish-white, marked with 12-14
large, evenly-spaced dark red-orange spots; occasional rare specimens may also
be dark purple brown in color (Coltro, 2011:49); spire whorls pinkish-white,
with large, widely-spaced dark red-orange flammules, some of which connect to
red-orange spots on shoulder carina; early whorls orange in color; aperture
proportionally wide, becoming wider toward anterior end; interior of aperture
dark orange; protoconch proportionally large, rounded, mamillate, composed of 2
whorls, orange in color; periostracum thin, smooth, and transparent.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus oishii Shikama,
1977
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in KPMY Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Sci.
Rep. Yokohama Nat'l. Univ. sect. II, 24,
p. 22, pl. 4, f. 6 a & b, pl. 5,
f. 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: East China Sea
Type Data: Holotype in KPMY deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31.6 x 13.1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-oishii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Taiwan; Indonesia
Habitat:-Subtidal; reported from muddy sand bottoms
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, usually moderately light. Last whorl
ventricosely conical; outline convex, less so basally. Aperture wider basally
than near shoulder. Shoulder subangulate. Spire of moderate height, outline
slightly concave to slightly sigmoid. Larval shell of about 2.25 whorls,
maximum diameter about 1.1 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps almost flat, with 1-2
increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves; additional spiral striae on last 2 ramps.
Last whorl with regularly or irregularly spaced punctate spiral grooves from
base to shoulder.
Ground colour white to greyish white. Last whorl with interlaced orange, red or
brown axial flames and blotches, sometimes forming a coarse meshwork or
replaced by pale spiral bands on each side of centre. Base often violet or
orange. Larval whorls white. Later sutural ramps with confluent radial markings
matching pattern of last whorl in colour and intensity. Aperture white or light
violet deep within.
Shell Morphometry
L 30-44 mm
RW 0.06-0.12 g/mm
(L 29-40 mm)
RD 0.52-0.67
PMD 0.78-0.82
RSH 0.15-0.18
Discussion:-C. oishii is
similar to C. cinereus in size and
shape. The latter species differs in its colour pattern, which lacks white
ground colour and reticulate pattern but has spiral rows of dark and light
markings on the last whorl. C. cinereus
has a brown apex, a narrower larval shell (0.8 vs. 1.1 mm) and weaker spiral
sculpture on its later sutural ramps; its early postnuclear sutural ramps bear
a pronounced subsutural groove while those of C. oishii are more evenly sculptured.
C. lienardi resembles C. oishii in size and pattern. It can be
distinguished by its finer pattern, narrower last whorl, angulate shoulder,
tuberculate early postnuclear whorls, and brown apex. Shells of C. oishii from Indonesia differ from
those from Taiwan in their broader last whorl.--
----------
Conus olangoensis
Poppe & Tagaro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture link: Holotype in
Conchology, Inc. and will be given to a Philippine institution in due time:
Guido Poppe
Published in: Visaya
Vol. 4, No. 6, 2017; p. 6 - 7, Pl. 1
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Philippines, Olango Island near Pangan-an; 400 m deep,
400 m
Type Data: Holotype in Conchology Inc.
Type Size: 23.9 x 12.7 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Conasprella Species:-olangoensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Shells were fished on a gravel bottom
Description:
Shell small to moderately small. Average almost 25 mm in length. The shell is
conical in shape. The outline of the last whorl is slightly sigmoid. The shape
of the aperture is wide, slightly broader below the center of the body whorl. The
shoulder is sharply angulated, with a concave spire that has a concave sutural
ramp. The outline of the spire is slightly concave. The protoconches are all
eroded but paratype 4 has remains of a very glossy protoconch. The spire
concists of about 10 whorls slightly elevated and covered by multiple slightly
raised axial lines. The 4 to 5 first whorls have slightly raised knobs. The body whorl is fairly smooth, but covered
by a large number of incised spiral grooves. The overall base coloration is
pure white, covered by a pattern of chocolate brown, dark flecks. These flecks
are set in 3 broad spiral bands, separated by lighter color bands. Within the
lighter color bands, the chocolate pattern changes into spaced dots. The spire
is covered by radiating brown flecks. The inside of the aperture is white,
translucent towards the periphery.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus oleiniki
Petuch, 2013
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in FMNH D. Sargent
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Biogeography
and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks; p. 223-224; p. 85, fig. 6.8, E
& F
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: Nixon’s Harbour, South Bimini Island, Bimini Chain, Great
Bahama Bank, Bahamas
Type Data: Holotype in FMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 15 x 8.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-oleiniki
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bahamas
Habitat:-In clean oölitic sand, 1 m depth
Description:-Original Description
Broad across the
shoulder; sides straight, tapering to anterior end; shoulder sharply angled,
bordered by low rounded carina; spire whorls elevated, slightly concave and
canaliculated, wide and distinctly pyramidal; body whorl smooth and shiny,
ornamented with 10-12 deeply incised spiral grooves around anterior one third
of shell; shell color variable, ranging from pure white (like paratype) to pale
cream-white, overlaid with large amorphous pale orange flammules (like
holotype); edge of shoulder carina marked with large, widely spaced orange
dots; spire whorls with small amorphous pale orange flammules; aperture
straight, narrow, white or pale orange on interior; protoconch proportionally
large, rounded, bulbous, composed of 2 whorls.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus olgae Bacallado, Espinosa & Ortea, 2007
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
Picture Link: Paratype
Picture Link: Paratype
Published in: Revista
de la Academia Canaria de Ciencas 18 (3-4), 117-123
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Pinar del Rio, Cuba
Type Data: Holotype in IESH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 14.9 x 9.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pupuriconus Species:-olgae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cuba
Habitat:-Found at depths from 10 -20 m
Description:-Original Description Approximate translation
Seashell of small size compared with other Caribbean species of the kind, of
biconic form, spire sides slightly convex , obtuse and low. Protoconch a
relatively small and mamillate. Teleoconch with six whorls, the last whorl with
the maximum width toward the shoulder, of slightly round form to almost
straight, being constrained gently toward the base. The surface is adorned by
fine quite pronounced, spiral lines toward the base of the seashell, on which
tiny very low nodules are formed. The spire presents has an undulating surface,
with nodules on the edge of the whorls, 14 in the last one, and numerous and
narrow axial lines of growth. The oblique aperture is slightly more wide
posteriorly. The base color is orange brown, with three spiral bands of
irregular, large white spots : one underneath of the shoulder, another
underneath the midbody and the last one toward the base of which the central
band is the most obvious .On the spire there are white marks, corresponding
with the nodules, alternating with the base color of fund, forming the
distinctive colour pattern of this species.
Discussion:-Of the species of the complex 'cardinalis' indicated for Cuba,
Conus olgae, new species, has a close
relationship with Conus havanensis,
with which it has remained confused and mixed in our collections. Both species
possess sizes and general form somewhat similar, but they differ markedly in
the protoconch, more grooves in C.
havanensis, whose base color of the spire and of the shoulder is also
different, and is characterized by dark brown axial marks on the spiral bands
of white spots.
Conus arangoi is of greater size,
with the protoconch formed by two whorls and also has a different base color,
without notable white spots on the spire and the last whorl.
Conus kulkulcan is of greater size
and possesses a seashell of form and pattern of very different color
By the confusion in the literature on Conus
cardinalis, only the brief information contributed by VINK on the holotype
of this species can be utilized in this comparison. Its size (27 x 16 mm) is
greater and, although shares with Conus
olgae, new species, the presence of spiral bands of white spots, its base
color is red salmon and possesses small red spots on some of the spiral lines
of the surface of the seashell, absent in all our specimens of C. olgae. In addition, the form of the
seashell, and above all, of the spire, is different.
Conus jacarusi Petuch, 1998, Conus ortneri Petuch, 1998, both of the
Bahamas, and Conus rosalindensis Petuch,
1998, of the bank Rosalinda, Honduras, were considered possible synonyms of C. cardinalis by FILMER [8], they have
the seashell with the spire and the straightest sides and apparently they
possess a different protoconch, just as happens with Conus caysalensis Raybaudi & Prati 1994, of the Salt Key bank,
situated to the southwest of the Bahamas.
John Tucker suggest a grouping with C.
havanensis in Purpuriconus.
----------
Conus olgiatii Bozzetti, 2007
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in MNHN L. Bozzetti
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia
Mostra Mondiale 55, 16
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Tulear, SW Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31 x 19.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
balteatus Sowerby ii, 1833
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Rolaniconus Species:-balteatus olgiatii forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-SW Madagascar
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source original description translated
Species from the shell moderately small dimensions for the genus, the maximum
height 36.35mm, ventricosely conical to conical profile, solid aspect, low
spire with e straight or slightly concave profile, angled shoulder, last whorl
convex ,with concave shape in anterior right third and convex on the left
flank.The subadult specimens have apex with protoconch paucispiral, constituted
from 2 embryonic turns, diameter of approximately 0.35mm, in the adult
specimen, apex and protoconch is not analyzable due to the presence of erosions
and incrustations. Narrow, opening wider to the base. Suture defined, undulated,
subsutural ramps flat, carved from 5-8 furrows; last whorl in shoulder area is
tuberculate Surface of the body whorl covered from faint spirals that are
attenuated in adapical direction. Uniform, yellow brown, inner color yellow of
the aperture and white siphonal fasciole, protoconca violet, the first whorls
of teleoconch change in abapical direction from the lilac to white,
subsequently assumes the yellow color of the last whorl; periostracum clear
brown.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus omanensis Moolenbeek & Coomans, 1993
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in Naturalis, Leiden
Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Apex
8, p. 21, f. 11-16,
18
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Masirah Island, Oman
Type Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 7.7 x 3.6 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of biraghii
Raybaudi, G.(Massilia), 1992
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE
SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Lilliconus Species:-biraghii omanensis subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Oman
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. b. omanensis with an often
narrower, ventricosely conical last whorl. Shoulder angulate. Larval shell of
about 2 whorls, with fine radial ridges on final part. Teleoconch sutural ramps
flat, with 1 increasing to 3 distinct spiral grooves pronounced also in late whorls.
Spiral subshoulder grooves consistently visible in stepped spire whorls. C. b. omanensis otherwise matching C. b. congruens in morphology. Some
shells of C. b. omanensis closer to C. b. biraghii due to concave teleoconch
sutural ramps and prominent axial subshoulder costae.
Conus biraghii omanensis Moolenbeek
& Coomans, 1993 (Apex, March, 1993, p.21) - Length of holotype 7.7mm; shell
biconic, slender, rather solid. Protoconch of 1.5 whorls, initially mostly
white with brown sutures, then brown with minute axial folds. Body whorl
smooth, with a groove just below the shoulder; white, with a grayish upper band
ornamented with spiral white/brown lines; a second grayish band, equally
ornamented, occurs near the base. Between the two bands there are spiral lines
spotted with brown and white. It differs from the nominate species in having
less pronounced coronations and in being more obconic. The spirals on the
teleoconch are lacking on C. b. biraghii.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus omaria Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation
of Lectotype Tableau Enc. (1798, pl. 344, fig. 3)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Encyc.
Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1 p. 743
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Indian Ocean; corrected [unnecessarily], (Lauer) Bohol
Island, Philippines.
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Tableau (1798,
pl. 344, fig. 3)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-omaria
Synonyms:- sindon Reeve, 1844; convolutus Sowerby ii, 1858; magoides Melvill, 1900; patonganus da Motta, 1982; viperinus Lauer, 1986
Geographic Range:-Indian Ocean except for Red Sea and India; Pacific
Ocean except for French Polynesia and Hawaii
Habitat:-Shallow subtidal to about 50 m, as deep as 100 m in W.
Thailand; on coral reefs and in reef lagoons, in sand and rubble.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to solid. In Indian Ocean shells , last
whorl narrowly conoid-cylindrical to conoid-cylindrical, also narrowly
cylindrical to cylindrical or ventricosely conical in Pacific shells, conical
in juvenile shells; outline straight and nearly parallel-sided to slightly
convex or slightly concave centrally, variably convex above and slightly convex
to straight below; left side sometimes concave above base. Aperture wider at
base than near shoulder. Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire usually low;
outline concave to slightly convex in late whorls, domed to straight in early
whorls. Larval shell multispiral, maximum diameter 0.7-0.8 mm. Teleoconch
sutural ramps flat to slightly concave or slightly convex, with 2-4 fine spiral
grooves in early whorls and numerous often very weak spiral striae in late
whorls. Last whorl with fine spiral ribs or threads and a few narrow ribbons
basally, obsolete toward shoulder.
Ground colour white, often suffused with pink to violet in Indian Ocean shells.
Last whorl overlaid with yellowish or orangish brown to dark or reddish brown,
leaving numerous very small to moderately large tent-like ground-colour
markings. Tents edged with a darker brown line toward outer lip and usually
concentrated in 3-4 axial bands as well as in 3 spiral bands, below shoulder,
below centre and at base. Shells with 2 interrupted spiral bands of brown
flecks and blotches intergrade with shells with a rather regular network of
brown lines on entire last whorl; in some shells from Pacific localities
(Philippines, Amami Is.), reticulated lines replaced by fine wavy axial lines.
Brown flecks and blotches with many very small, regularly arranged white spots,
sparsely including larger solid zones, and interspersed with spiral rows of
alternating darker brown and ground-colour dots. Larval whorls and first 2-4
postnuclear sutural ramps reddish violet. Following ramps matching last whorl
in colour pattern. Aperture often yellow to pinkish orange, yellowish cream
deep within.
Shell Morphometry
L 45-86 mm
RW 0.19-0.56 g/mm (L 45-77 mm)
RD - (-Pacific shells 0.47 - 0.60; -Indian Ocean shells 0.45 - 0.56)
PMD -(-Pacific shells 0.71 - 0.83; -Indian Ocean shells 0.75 - 0.83)
RSH 0.06-0.13
Discussion:-C. omaria is
similar to C. magnificus, C. episcopatus, C. madagascariensis and C. pennaceus.
C. magnificus has a higher spire (RSH
0.13-0.19), a white aperture, and largely solid rather than strongly
interrupted brown flecks and blotches. Its early postnuclear whorls are
consistently domed, and its ground colour is suffused with red, whereas
sympatric C. omaria has a pure white
ground colour.
C. episcopatus is of larger mean size
and has consistently domed early postnuclear whorls. It can be distinguished
from C. omaria by its coarser pattern
consisting of larger and more often axially elongate brown blotches, a much
smaller portion of very small tents, and prominent axial bands of larger ground
colour tents that are more often fused into axial white blotches. In addition, C. episcopatus lacks dark brown
demarcation lines on the tents.
Indian Ocean shells of C. omaria
differ from Pacific shells in their often pale pink to violet ground colour,
more frequently straight-sided apices and in their strictly conoid-cylindrical
last whorls. These differences do not justify separation at the species level;
as they are not constant between regions of the species range, neither do they
suggest subspecies status. C. convolutus
refers to Indian Ocean specimens with straight-sided apices; C. patonganus from W. Thailand includes
specimens with domed as well as straight-sided early postnuclear whorls. C. magoides, described as 'pink', may be
based on a specimen from the Indian Ocean with a convex apex. C. viperinus is a
yellowish to orangish brown form from Philippines with domed to sometimes
straight- sided early postnuclear whorls. C.
sindon has been considered to represent an individual variant of C. pennaceus with closely spaced axial
lines or recognized as valid species separate from both C. omaria and C. pennaceus.
An axially lineate pattern occurs in various species (C. omaria; C. pennaceus; C. madagascariensis; C. textile; C. victoriae).
In colour pattern, the holotype of C.
sindon is slightly closer to similar forms of C. omaria than to those of C.
pennaceus with respect to shell morphology, it cannot be unequivocally
assigned to either of these species. RKK provisionally place C. sindon into the synonymy of C.
omaria.
Conus
omaria convolutus Sowerby ii, 1858
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Thes. Conch. iii, p. 44, pl. 23 (209), f. 564
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Lectotype (C, M & W) in BMNH; designated (Lauer) Madagascar
Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 59 x 24 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus omaria Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-omaria convolutus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Indian Ocean
Habitat:-Shallow subtidal to about 50 m, as deep as 100 m in W. Thailand; on coral reefs and in reef lagoons, in sand and rubble.
Description: C. convolutus refers to Indian Ocean specimens with straight-sided apices.
Conus
omaris patonganus da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 1, p. 7, f. 7
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Raya Is., Phuket, Thailand; ca. 100 ft.
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 54 x 27 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus omaria Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:- Not appropriate.
Conus
omaria viperinus Lauer, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: La Conchiglia xviii, no. 212-213, p. 28. figs. 1-4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Bohol Island, Philippines; 5-15 m; corrected to Sulu Archipelago (Lauer. 1990).
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size :48 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of omaria Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-omaria viperinus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Shallow subtidal to about 50 m, on coral reefs and in reef lagoons, in sand and rubble.
Description:-Source La Conchiglia Original Description
The shell of C. viperinus is of an olive-conical shape, moderately elongated, smooth except for very fine spiral striae which change into light cordlets at the base of the body whorl and slight growth lines. The shell is solid and heavy and has a natural satin-like gloss.
The spire is made up of ten whorls, those of the protoconch are scarcely visible. The protoconch is mamillate and nearly flat on the top part, with an apex looking like a minute nipple. The five following whorls are strongly convex or swollen, except for the upper side of the last two, which show a large spiral channel-like depression, especially visible on the body whorl. On the whole, the spire is low and forms a wide obtuse angle with the convex sides. The whorls of the spire are finely engraved with very dense striae. The penultimate whorl is visibly detached from the body whorl by a sort of step.
The shoulder, subangulated, rounds out into a wide curve, which continues to the base like a parabola, without any interruption, apart from a slight swelling towards the last third of the whorl. The aperture starts from a rather deep posterior channel and is relatively wide, becoming more so towards the base, while the siphonal canal is narrow. The solid thick external lip has an obtuse edge; the columella is just visible under a weak plica of the internal lip.
Ornamentation and colour: The whole shell, except for the first five whorls, is covered by dense reticulation in golden yellow to orange tones. These very fine reticulations, sometimes like scales, sometimes like little dots lined up along thin short spiral threads, join together to form large dark yellow blotches tinged with orange. These, in turn, are covered by more or less interrupted alignments of scales and irregular triangles arranged in checks forming three indistinct spiral bands, completed by casual axial 'alignments'. The apex is of a beautiful carmine-pink colour. The aperture is whitish towards the edge of the lip but of an intense pinkish orange towards the inside. In the shell of the holotype slight pigmentation problems were caused by natural growth scars.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus optimus Sowerby iii, 1913
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xi, p. 235, pl.
iii, f. 7
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: New Caledonia
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 23 x 13 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
exiguus Lamarck, 1810
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Fulgiconus Species:-exiguus optimus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia
Habitat:-In S. New Caledonia, C.
exiguus known from coral, rubble, and coarse sand with algae in 13-53 m,
often inhabiting channels of the barrier reef with strong water currents.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. exiguus
Small to medium-sized, light to moderately solid. Last whorl conical, sometimes
conoid-cylindrical in populations from very shallow water; outline convex, or
slightly convex adapically and less convex to straight towards base. Shoulder
angulate and tuberculate, subangulate and weakly tuberculate in populations
from very shallow water. Spire of low to moderate height; outline concave to
convex. In southern New Caledonia, larval shell of 2.0-2.25 whorls; maximum
diameter 0.7 mm in northern New Caledonia to 1 mm in the south. Postnuclear
spire whorls tuberculate to weakly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat,
with 1 increasing to 4-7 spiral grooves. Last whorl with variably spaced,
shallow, punctate spiral grooves, sometimes from base to shoulder; spiral ribs
usually granulose and restricted to abapical area or extending to centre or
shoulder (form plumbeus). Largely
smooth specimens often with distinct non-granulose spiral ribs at shoulder.
Last whorl various shades of brown, leaving variously shaped and sized white
dots, spots, flecks or blotches, mostly located near shoulder and at centre,
sometimes also at base. Brownish tones ranging from yellowish, orangish and
olive-brown to dark reddish and blackish brown. Small individuals in northern
New Caledonia with small spirally arrayed white markings either extending
across entire last whorl or restricted to central area. The medium-sized individuals
in southern New Caledonia lighter in colour, with small to large white markings
often fusing into 2-3 spiral bands or reduced to a few scattered dots or spots.
Shells from very shallow water darkest in colour, with large, partially white
markings, axially or spirally arranged. Base sometimes light violet. Larval
shell white to pale yellow, pink in medium-sized shells from the south.
Postnuclear sutural ramps matching last whorl in colouration (including number
and size of white markings). Aperture of various shades of violet (southern
population) or bluish violet to brown (other populations).
Shell Morphometry
L 16-54 mm
RW 0.05-0.26 g/mm
(L 19-45 mm)
RD 0.57-0.67
PMD 0.83-0.95
RSH 0.09-0.20
C. e. optimus southern form with
strictly conical shells of medium size
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus orbignyi Audouin, 1831
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Mag.
Zool. 1, pl. 20
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: China
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 55 x 20 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Bathyconus Species:-orbignyi
Synonyms:- planicostatus
Sowerby ii, 1833; elokismenos
Kilburn, 1975; coriolisi Moolenbeek
& Richard in Röckel. Richard & Moolenbeek, 1995
Geographic Range:-Japan to Philippines; Queensland
Habitat:-At depths of 50-400vm.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized in C. o. coriolisi,
medium sized to large in C. o. orbignyi,
to moderately large in C. o. elokismenos,
light to moderately solid. Last whorl often pyriform, also narrowly conical or
narrowly conoid- cylindrical in C. o.
orbignyi, also conical or narrowly conical in C. o. coriolisi and conical
to ventricosely conical in C. o.
elokismenos; outline slightly convex at adapical two-thirds, concave to
straight below. Siphonal canal often deflected to the dorsal side. Aperture
very narrow. Shoulder angulate to sharply angulate, with weak tubercles often
disappearing toward aperture in large specimens; exhalent notch rather deep.
Spire high, stepped; outline straight to slightly concave. Larval shell of
about 4 whorls, maximum diameter 0.85-1 mm. Postnuclear whorls tuberculate.
Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave, with 0-1 increasing to 5-7 spiral
grooves and with radial threads; in C. o.
elokismenos spiral sculpture weaker on late ramps than in C. o. orbignyi. Entire last whorl with
axially striate spiral grooves and ribbons between; 1-2 spiral ribs replacing
ribbons just below shoulder. In C. o.
orbignyi, spiral ribbons generally narrower and grooves wider than in C. o.
elokismenos; some wide ribbons divided into pairs of narrow ribbons. In C. o. elokismenos, wide ribbons with
spiral striae and surface sculpture weak on adapical fourth. In C. o. coriolisi, ribbons weak to
obsolete adapically.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with rectangular brown spots on ribbons,
aligned axially and also clustering in 3 spiral bands, below shoulder and on
both sides of centre. In C. o. elokismenos, spots of adapical band variably
fused into axial streaks. In C. o.
coriolisi, pattern reduced to 3 interrupted bands. Larval whorls white to
pale brown, often with a brown sutural line. Postnuclear sutural ramps with
irregular brown streaks and brown spots at outer margin, often between
tubercles. Aperture white, dark cream deep within.
Discussion:-C. planicostatus
is considered a synonym of C. orbignyi,
although Sowerby's figure has a relatively lower spire (RSH 0.21); all other
shell characters suggest identity with C.
orbignyi. C. orbignyi has a
discontinuous range. There appear to be 3 disjunct groups of populations, in
the western Pacific and in the western Indian Ocean. They are generally
considered geographic subspecies, C. o.
orbignyi in the W. Pacific, C. o.
coriolisi in the New Caledonia-Coral Sea area, and C. o. elokismenos in the Indian Ocean.
The orbignyi complex has been revised by Puillandre et al. in 2011.
Conus orbignyi
coriolisi Moolenbeek & Richard
in Röckel, Richard & Moolenbeek, 1995
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN
MNHN
Published in: Mem.
Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. clxvi, p. 578, figs. 12 & 13
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Lord Howe Rise, Capel Bank, Coral Sea. (25deg 29' S.
159deg 46' E); 240 m.
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 44.6 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Described as a subspecies of Conus orbignyi Audouin, 1831; raised to the status of a valid
species by Puillandre et al., 2011
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Bathyconus Species:- coriolisi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia; Coral Sea; Philippines
Habitat:-Found at 150-550 m
Description:-
Discussion:-
Conus
orbignyi elokismenos Kilburn, 1975
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype C. aratus Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Nautilus.
lxxxix, no. 2, p. 50
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: Tongaat-Umhlanga Rocks, Natal (C. aratus Kilburn,1973)
Type Data: Holotype in NMSA deposited and catalogued (C. aratus)
Type Size : 60 x 21.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. aratus Kilburn,
Taxonomy: Descibed as a subspecies of Conus orbignyi Audouin, 1831; 1973; raised to the status of a valid
species by Puillandre et al., 2011
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Bathyconus Species:- elokismenos
Synonyms:- aratus Kilburn, 1973
Geographic Range:-Natal to Madagascar and Reunion
Habitat:-Found at 270-310 m in mud
Description:-
Discussion:-
----------
Conus orion Broderip & Sowerby, 1833
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype
in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel
Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond. 1833, p. 55
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Real Llejos, Corinto, Nicaragua.
Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 40 x 22 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Purpuriconus Species:-orion
Synonyms:- drangai Schwengel,
1955
Geographic Range:-Pacific Mexico - Colombia
Habitat:-Sand and rubble 5-50 m.
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately heavy, with a high gloss; low conical, the sides nearly straight;
low basal ridges sometimes extended; shoulder wide, sharply angled; spire
moderately low, sharply pointed, the sides straight/concave; whorl tops flat;
body whorl glossy opaque white heavily covered with reddish brown to blackish
brown in two scalloped bands around unmarked or flammuled midbody; from both
dark bands extend heavy axial flammules; occasionaly bands broken into
irregular blotches; area below shoulder white checkered with dark; often has
appearance of dark shell with three spiral bands of axial flammules; base
salmon, sometimes white; spire white with large revolving brown blotches; early
whorls whitish; aperture moderately narrow, uniform; outer lip thin, sharp, straight;
mouth pale bluish white; columella internal;
Discussion:-Similar to C. vittatus
which has whorl tops convex in section giving a convex rounded outline to
spire.
----------
Conus orri Ninomiya & da Motta in da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in NSMT Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paratype in
SMNS Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Publ.
Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 1, p.
15, f. 14
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Solifor Pt., Bojol Is., Gambia; under rocks in reef
pools.
Type Data: Holotype in NSMT deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25.8 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: a synonym of Conus mercator
Linnaeus, 1758: see Discussion
Discussion: Personal Comment by
Ed Petuch: I did my Master's thesis research on the marine
biogeography of West Africa, concentrating most of my efforts from Western
Sahara and Mauritania), through all of Senegal and Gambia, down to the
Cameroons------the Cap Vert area of
Senegal is an isolated (and not all that big) rocky "island" in the
middle of wide expanses of mud and sand coastlines------I found that mercator was confined to the basaltic
rock areas centered on N' Gor and Cap Almedees----once you head south towards M' Bour, the rocky coast stops and
the sand and mud begin, and mercator disappears-----that's the end of its
range-----orri was found all the way
south at the mouth of the Gambia River and lives on these weird shell pile
(mostly Senilia senilis, the only
hard substrate) and mud environments and also artificial rock
jetties------there are no mercator or other rocky substrate cones between the
Cape Verde region and Banjul, only soft sediment-loving species like pulcher and byssinus-----so, there are 2 concentrations of Lautoconus species in West Africa; one on the rock reefs of Cape
Verde and Ile Goree and one in Angola,
and nothing much in between-----the Gambian
orri is geographically isolated from mercator
by soft substrate environments (like the mouth of the M'Bour River) and I
am sure that it is a good species.
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
Taxonomic revision of West
African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya 2020
----------
Conus ortneri Petuch, 1998
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in FMNH C. Meyer
Published in: La
Conchiglia xxx, no. 287, p. 34, figs. 16 &
17
Ocean geography:West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Paradise Is., N. of New Providence Is., Bahamas
Type Data: Holotype in FMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 17 x 10 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym form of Conus cardinalis Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Purpuriconus Species:-cardinalis ortneri forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bahamas
Habitat:-Collected in 6 - 7m depth on hardpan bottom with dense algae
cover in areas of strong, continuous current.
Description:-Source Original description
Shell small for subgenus, with high glossy polish; body whorl
characteristically sculptured with 6-8 evenly spaced, faint, shallowly
depressed punctate spiral grooves; shoulder slightly rounded, subcarinated,
edged with 16 well-defined, rounded knobs per whorl: spire low, coronated, with
only early whorls projecting; protoconch exserted, mammillate; anterior end
encircled with 6 large, beaded cords; shell color uniformly deep orange-red or
bright orange; spire whorls orange-red, with knobs being paler orange in color:
protoconch and early whorls deep cherry red.
Discussion:-Of the known Bahamian Purpuriconus species, Conus ortneri, especially in size, is most
similar to C. donnae, but differs in
being a stockier shell that is broader across the shoulder, in having a much
lower, flattened spire, in having a deeper red-orange shell color, in having
bright cherry-red early whorls and protoconch (instead of yellow-orange), and
in lacking the strong, beaded cords of C.
donnae, instead having incised punctate grooves. Conus ortneri is also similar to C. speciosissimus Reeve, 1848 from the Virgin Islands and northern
Windward Islands, but differs in having a lower spire with smaller and more
numerous knobs; in lacking the white mid-body and shoulder bands, and in having
the characteristic faint incised grooves.
John Tucker (2010)
suggests that C. ortneri is a form of
C. velaensis.
----------
Conus ostrinus Tucker & Tenorio, 2011
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in SBMNH Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Miscellanea
Malacologica 5 (1), 1-16
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Portobelo Bay, Colon, E Panama.
Type Data: Holotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29.6 x 12.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-ostrinus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-E. Panama
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
The new species has a small shell (largest observed was 32.5 mm long). The
shell is moderately elongated conical in shape. The spire is well elevated and
just slightly scalariform. Protoconch is brown and paucispiral. Shoulder
carinate. The aperture has a purplish tinge. Coloration is complicated but made
up of only one color shade. These are uniformly dark brown to purple-brown in
color. The ground color is distinctly purple shaded.
----------
Conus otohimeae Kuroda & Ito, 1961
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in NSMN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Venus
vol. xxi, no. 3, p. 250,
pl. 17, f. 8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Nada, Gobo, Kii Peninsula, Japan
Type Data: Holotype was in NSMN and currently assumed to be lost
Type Size: 27.2 x 14 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Yeddoconus Species:-otohimeae
Synonyms:- rogmartini da
Motta, 1982
Geographic Range:-S Japan - Philippines
Habitat:-In Japan in 50- 150 m; Philippine shells in 240-300 m.
Description:-Source Living Conida
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately solid. Last whorl ventricosely
conical to conical; outline slightly convex to straight, left side may be
concave near base. Shoulder angulate to carinate, often weakly tuberculate or
undulate. Spire of moderate height, outline straight to slightly sigmoid.
Larval shell of about 3 whorls, maximum diameter 0.9- 1 mm. First 5-7
teleoconch whorls tuberculate. following whorls often carinate; tubercles may
re-appear within the last 2 whorls. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to concave,
bearing dominant curved axial threads. Last whorl glossy, sculpture variable:
smooth, with weak spiral ribs below centre, ribs occasionally granulose.
sometimes heavily, from base to shoulder, especially toward outer lip in shells
from Philippines.
Ground colour white to pink. Last whorl variably encircled with orange-brown
bands, often containing brown flecks and axial streaks. Overlying closely
spaced spiral rows of brown dots extend from base to shoulder, but may be
reduced or absent. Larval whorls white to grey. Postnuclear sutural ramps with
brown radial blotches and brown dashes or dots on outer margins. Aperture
translucent.
Shell Morphometry
L 27-40 mm
RW 0.11-0.20 g/mm
(L 27-37 mm)
RD 0.59-0.64
PMD 0.78-0.92
RSH 0.12-0.20
Shells described as C. rogmartini from
S. Philippines have granulose spiral ribs on last whorl.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus otohimeae f. rogmartini da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: Carf.
Phil. Shell News 4 (2), p. 3, figs. on
p. 1
Ocean geography: ndo-Pacific
Type Locality: Balut Island, Sarangani Group south of Mindanao,
Philippines; ca. 120 fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31.2 x 17.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
otohimeae Kuroda & Ito, 1961
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Yeddoconus Species:-otohimeae
rogmartini forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Deep water
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C otohimeae
Shells described as C. rogmartini
from S. Philippines have granulose spiral ribs on last whorl.
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus oualeirienis
Rabiller & Richard, 2019
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MNHN
Published in: Xenophora
Taxonomy 24, P. 24-25, Pl. 11, fig. 1-8
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Est la Désirade, Guadeloupe Isl.
Type Data: Holotype
in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 30,4 x 14,1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy:
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-oualeiriensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- The species is known from only two stations located
to the East of
La Désirade,
Guadeloupe
Habitat:- in depths ranging between 210 and 263 m.
Description:-Source Original description
The shell is conical, with slightly sigmoid sides in the juvenile phases. The spire is moderately high. The protoconchs are mostly blunt; only paratype 1 shows a protoconch that is superficially
eroded but almost intact, with one and a half whorl and of paucispiral type. Three crenulated postnuclear whorls follow. The remainder of the spire is very slightly corrugated. Each whorl
has five spiral cords, ornamented with orangeish radial flame.shaped markings. The shoulder is smooth, marked, but not as carinate as in Conus attenuatus. The last whorl is smooth, elongated, with straight sides, and of an orangish background colour. The posterior half is
sprinkled with small whitish clouds. The shell is crossed by an off white central band, whose upper part has brown punctuations, more or less aligned in several rows. Paratype 2 conserved traces of a beige, opaque, fibrous periostracum. The aperture is narrow, straight, white. The anal canal is very peculiar: clearly marked, very slightly oblique, and separated from
the shoulder by a callosity, a very typical bulge.
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Copyright Paul Kersten. Rights to all images remains with the originator. Every effort has been made by the editor to respect copyright and image rights and to seek the appropriate approvals. The source of any text quoted from original descriptions or other publications is acknowledged. Acknowledgements and References can be viewed by clicking on the links provided. Should you have any queries or material which would improve the content of the website, you may contact the author at the E mail address on home page.
