Conus planorbis
Born, 1778
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMW Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Living Animal: David Massemin New Caledonia
Published in: Ind. Rer. Nat. Mus. Caes. Vind.,
p. 148
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: Lectotype in NHMW deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41 x 23 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Vituliconus Species:-planorbis
Synonyms:- polyzonias
Gmelin, 1791; vitulinus Hwass in
Bruguiere, 1792; vulpinus Hwass in
Bruguiere, 1792; vulpinus Schubert
& Wagner, 1829; praeclarus
Fenaux, 1942;
Geographic Range:-W. and Central Pacific; probably also Indian Ocean
(Mascarenes, Seychelles)
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 60 m; on reef rock beneath dead coral, sand
bottom with algae, and on coral and rubble.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to solid; form vitulinus
slightly heavier than typical form but its relative weight may vary by 50%
among specimens of similar size. Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical;
outline convex at adapical fourth, almost straight below. Shoulder angulate.
Spire low, usually lower in form vitulinus; outline slightly concave, sigmoid
or convex. Larval shell of about 3 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.8 mm.
Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, often concave in late whorls, with 1 increasing
to 5-7 spiral grooves; spiral sculpture occasionally weak on last 2 ramps. Last
whorl with variably raised and granulose spiral ribs on basal third or fourth,
sometimes weakly ribbed above; ribs variably spaced but usually more closely
set toward base.
Ground colour white, sometimes suffused with cream to tan on last whorl, but
rarely so on sutural ramps. In typical form, last whorl with a broad yellowish
to dark brown spiral band on each side of centre, sometimes blending with
adjacent areas but usually leaving a groundcolour band at centre and below
shoulder; subshoulder band may be very narrow and interspersed with brown axial
markings. In form vitulinus last
whorl with a broad tan to dark brown band on each side of centre, either solid
or reduced and split into axial streaks and flames. Dark brown axial streaks or
flames cross brown and intervening ground-colour bands; the latter spiral bands
vary in width and are sparsely to heavily interspersed with dark brown axial
markings. Both colour forms intergrade in numerous geographic localities. In
both forms as well as intermediates, overlying dotted, dashed or solid brown to
dark brown spiral lines may extend from base to shoulder, varying from few to
numerous and from closely to widely spaced. Base and siphonal fasciole violet,
often obscured by overlying dark brown. Apex cream. Late sutural ramps with
variably numerous brown radial markings, often extending to subshoulder area in
form vitulinus and intermediates. Aperture white, violet to brown at base.
Shell Morphometry
L 40-82 mm
RW 0.25-0.60 g/mm
(Typical form (L 40-60 mm); form vitulinus 0.30-0.82 g/mm (L 40-62 mm))
RD 0.55-0.65
PMD 0.80-0.92
RSH 0.08-0.13
(typical form; form vitulinus (0.03-0.11))
Discussion:-This species is closely allied to C. ferrugineus and C.
striatellus. C. planorbis is not
distinguishable from C. ferrugineus
by size and shape of the shell. The only reliable difference is the uniformly
white aperture of C. ferrugineus, in
contrast to the violet to violet brown base of the aperture in C. planorbis. In addition, the white
subshoulder band of C. planorbis
rarely occurs in C. ferrugineus, and
the granulose ribs on basal part of last whorl are often light coloured in C. planorbis but usually overlaid with a
dark spiral line in C. ferrugineus.
The violet colour of the basal end of the shell (most pronounced within the
aperture) is a distinctive character of this species. It is present in the
lectotypes of both C. vitulinus and C. planorbis. As specimens intermediate
in colour pattern between C. planorbis
and C. vitulinus occur in most
populations that consist primarily of one of these variants, we consider both
to represent forms of the same species.
C. planorbis is distinguished from C. striatellus by the violet-brown
colour of the anterior end of its aperture and the usually more widely spaced
spiral lines on its last whorl. C.
striatellus has a conoid-cylindrical last whorl.
The assignment of C. vulpinus Hwass
to C. planorbis is debatable and depends on whether the aperture purple blotch
had faded on type specimen. A local population from Kwajalein, Marshall Is.,
characterized by Pearson (1988) as 'golden cones,' has very similar shell
characters and animal colouration to C.
planorbis form vitulinus. The
shells are 34-56 mm long. They differ from the sympatric form vitulinus in the light yellowish brown
rather than dark brown pattern on both last whorl and spire, and in the absence
of the violet brown colour of base, siphonal fasciole, and anterior end of the
aperture.
Conus planorbis f. vitulinus
Hwass, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype
in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Enc. Méth.
1: p. 648, no. 47, (1798, Tab. Enc. pl. 326, fig. 3)
Ocean
geography:
Indo-Pacific
Type
Locality: None
Type
Data: Lectotype
in NHMW deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 50 x 29 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A form of Conus planorbis
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Vituliconus Species:-planorbis vitulinus forma
Synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. and Central
Pacific
----------
Conus plinthis Richard
& Moolenbeek, 1988
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Venus vol. xlvii, no. 4, p. 235, pl. 1, figs. 6-9 & 11
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Lagon sud, New Caledonia; 340-345 m.
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 43.9 x 24 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-plinthis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia - Kermadec
Habitat:-Found at depths of 100-500 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium sized, light to moderately solid. Last whorl
conical, outline straight, slightly convex at adapical fourth. Shoulder
angulate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline concave. Larval shell of
about 3.25 whorls, maximum diameter about 1.1 mm. First 3-4 postnuclear whorls
tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 0-4
increasing to 5-7 spiral grooves. Last whorl with a few weak spiral ribs and
grooves at base.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with about 9 broad brown spiral lines from base
to adapical third or fourth, widely spaced basally and rather closely spaced
adapically. Posterior lines within a variably broad light to reddish brown
spiral band above centre. Widely but unevenly spaced brown axial lines and
streaks connecting the brown spiral lines and extending from the adapical band
to the shoulder ramp. Larval whorls and first 2-3 postnuclear sutural ramps
white to beige. Following sutural ramps with brown radial lines. Aperture
white.
Shell Morphometry
L 20-61 mm
RW 0.05-0.26 g/mm
(L 20-54 mm)
RD 0.58-0.65
PMD 0.86-0.94
RSH 0.02-0.15
Discussion:-C. plinthis is
similar to C. capitanellus, sympatric
with C. plinthis in the New
Caledonian area. It differs from C.
plinthis in its broader last whorl(RD 0.60-0.71), the presence of two brown
spiral bands, and in the absence of wavy brown axial lines on the last whorl.
Its spire has no ridges at sutures and has wider brown marks.
Conus poehlianus
Sowerby iii, 1887
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Thes. Conch. v 2nd suppl., p.
257, pl. 31 (509), f. 682
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: New Ireland
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size :48 x 22 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
consors Sowerby ii, 1833
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:-consors poehlianus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines - New Guinea
Habitat:-Form poehlianus to 35 m in adult stage and to 50 m in juvenile
stage, near river mouths, on reef and fore-reef; in silt, coral sand and rubble
with sand, often beneath rotting logs.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C consors
In subadult specimens of form poehlianus, white ground suffused with pale
brownish violet. Last whorl with 1-2 spiral bands above and 1 band below
centre; band nearest shoulder often interrupted or absent, or both adapical
bands may fuse. Colour of bands ranges from yellowish brown to violet or dark
brown. Dotted, dashed or solid brown spiral lines from base to shoulder,
varying in number and arrangement
Shell Morphometry
L 50-118 mm
RW 0.20-1.10 g/mm
(L 50-95 mm)
RD 0.44-0.63
PMD 0.77-0.88
RSH 0.08-0.20
Form poehlianus is narrowly to
ventricosely conical, not distinguishable from each other by shell shape, and
differ only in the colour pattern (shades of spiral banding yellowish to
orangish brown.
----------
Conus polongimarumai Kosuge, 1980
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in IMT Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Bull. Inst. Malacol. Tokyo
I, no. 4, p. 63,
pl. 18, f. 6-8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Punta Enganio, Mactan,
Philippines
Type Data: Holotype in IMT deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 22.4 x 10.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Rolaniconus Species:-polongimarumai
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines; Marshall Islands; New Caledonia; W
Thailand
Habitat:-Shallow water to 350 m. In Marshall Is., in about 65 m, in
coral rubble outside the lagoon at the base of the reef.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to moderately small, light to moderately light. Last whorl conical to
ventricosely conical; outline straight to slightly convex; left side often
slightly concave at base. Shoulder with strong, pointed tubercles continuing as
costae below shoulder edge and often also across sutural ramps. Spire of
moderate height to high, stepped; outline straight to slightly concave. Larval
shell of 3.0-3.25 whorls, maximum diameter 0.7-0.8 mm. Postnuclear whorls with
tubercles continuing as costae. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 1-3
increasing to 3-7 spiral grooves; spiral sculpture may be weak in latest
whorls. Sculpture of last whorl ranging from a few weak, smooth spiral ribs at
base to granulose ribs from base to shoulder.
Colour of last whorl yellow-brown to dark brown on both sides of a usually
narrow white spiral central band; base light. Dark zones often with spiral rows
of variably spaced white dots. Central band with tine. brown connected lines,
outlining white spots to blotches. In some specimens, brown areas consisting of
axial zigzag lines and broader spiral lines. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear
sutural ramps white, with brown radial blotches and fine lines. Aperture
translucent to white.
Shell Morphometry
L 18-32 mm
RW 0.05-0.08 g/mm
RD 0.58-0.68
PMD 0.82-0.95
RSH 0.18-0.32
Discussion:-C. polongimarumai
resembles C. chiangi most closely.
The latter species differs in its lighter colour pattern, with a primarily tan
or grey rather than brown last whorl, and its hollow marginal spines rather
than tubercles on the shoulder.
----------
Conus polyglotta Weinkauff, 1874
Pictures:
Picture Link: Cited Figure Thes Conch. Pl. 12,
f. 248
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Jahrb. Dtsch. Malak. Ges. I, p. 244
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not Known
Type Data: There is no known specimen
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
eburneus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lithoconus Species:-eburneus polyglotta forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines; C. Pacific
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. eburneus
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to heavy. Last whorl conical
to broadly or ventricosely conical, occasionally conoid-cylindrical; outline
convex to bulbous at subshoulder area and straight below; base truncate.
Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire low, outline concave to straight or
sigmoid. Larval shell multispiral, maximum diameter about 0.7 mm. Teleoconch
sutural ramps almost flat, with 2 narrow but deeply incised spiral grooves in
early whorls and 2-5 grooves in later whorls; intervening ribs and subsutural
ridge often pronounced, occasionally weak on last ramps. Last whorl with
distinct to weak spiral ribs and ribbons on basal fourth to half.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with spiral rows of variably spaced, reddish
brown to black squarish spots, rectangular bars or comma-shaped streaks. 3
yellow, orange or tan bands may underly spiral rows, below shoulder and on both
sides of centre. Typical form often with less densely spaced markings;
occasionally, colour bands obsolete or covering large parts of last whorl. In
form polyglotta, black bars or comma-like markings tend to fuse into solid
narrow spiral bands and wavy axial streaks. Form crassus has red-brown markings
and usually lacks spiral colour bands. Larval whorls white. Teleoconch sutural
ramps with reddish brown or blackish brown spots, axial streaks or blotches;
intensity of spire pattern matching that of last whorl pattern. Aperture white.
C. e. polyglotta: Spots tend to fuse
into long dashes or spiral bands in some or all rows;orange bands also fuse to
give dark appearance; mainly Philippines.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus polygrammus Tomlin,
1937
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMWC Mike Filmer
Published in: Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond. xxii, part
4, p. 206
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known (C.
multilineatus Sowerby,1875)
Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued (C.multilineatus)
Type Size :39 x 20.5 mm
Nomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. multilineatus Sowerby, 1875.
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
furvus Reeve, 1843
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Calibanus Species:-furvus polygrammus forma
Synonyms:- multilineatus Sowerby iii, 1875
Geographic Range:-W. Pacific
Habitat:-Deep water
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. furvus
-C. polygrammus : essentially similar
to form lignarius
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus pomareae
Monnier
& Limpalaër, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype Eric
Monnier
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 5; P. 50-59,
fig. 1, 2 unnumbered plates
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Moorea, Iles de La Société, French Polynesia
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 24.72 x 9.12 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Leporiconus Species:-pomarae
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:- French Polynesia (Society Islands – Tuamotu)
Habitat:-Intertidal zone, on the outer edge of the flat reef
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to medium sized shell (19-47 mm). Adult shells have 11-12 whorls, are
cigar-shaped and narrowly cylindrical, whereas subadults have a more narrowly
conoid-cylindrical shape. The protoconch is pinkish, and appears to have more
than 2.5 smooth whorls. The first 3 postlarval teleoconch whorls are
tuberculate and light pink coloured, they havr pointed nodulus that become
progressively white ant obsolete. The spire is moderate to high, the whorls are
slightly overlapping with a strong suture. There are 3 to 5 weak spiral cords
on the sutural ramp. The spire is sigmoid (concave in the first whorls and
highly convex and domed on the last ones). The last whorl is covered from base
to shoulder with numerous closely finely granulose spiral ridges; such ridges
may be obsolete in the area below the shoulder, otherwise constant over the
whole last whorl. The shoulder is rounded and almost indistinct. Aperture is
straight, very narrow at its posterior end and widening toward the anterior
part of the shell. The last whorl is reddish brown coloured, sometimes with
axial tinges of violet-pink. There are 2 interrupted spiral bands of irregular
lacunae showing the pale purplish-pink background, the abapical one, situated
below the middle of the last whorl being the most conspicuous one; the other
band is situated at the adapical third of the last whorl. The interior of the
lip is bordered with a deep violet band graduatelly fading to purplish-pink and
white further inside the aperture. The anal noth is deep and V-shaped.
Discussion: The shell is compared with Conus tenuistriatus, Conus glans, Conus granum and Conus coffeae.
----------
Conus pomponeti
Petuch & Myers , 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in MZSP Petuch & Myers
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Published
in: Xenophora Taxonomy 4, 37 - 39 with pic., pl. 4 G - J
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: off Ribeira, within Todos os Santos, Salvador, Bahia
State, Brazil
Type
Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 12 x 8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-pomponeti
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Known only from the type localityendemic
Habitat:-
In muddy sand, 0,5 m depth
Description:-Source Original description
Shell small for genus, stocky, fusiform; shoulder
sharply angled, bodered by rounded, undulating carina; spire elevated,
distinctly pyramidal; body whorl smooth and shiny, completely ornamented wiyh
12 – 14 evenly-spaced, deeply incised spiral sulci, with sulci becoming
stronger and more deeply-incised toward anterior end, entire shell uniformly
pale yellow-white; shoulder carina white; aperture proportionally wide,
becoming wider at anterior end, colored pale yellowish-white within; spire
whorls white or pale yellow-white; protoconch proportionally very large, bulbous,
excerted and mamillate, composed of 2 rounded whorls, white in color.
Discussion:
----------
Conus pongo Shikamai
& Oishi, 1977
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Sci. Rep. Yokohama natn. Univ.
sect. 2 (24), p.21, pl.4,
figs 5a-b
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: East China Sea
Type Data: Holotype was in KPMY and currently assumed to be lost
Type Size: 64 x 28.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
bullatus Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Textilia Species:-bullatus pongo forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-East China Sea (Indian Ocean?)
Habitat:-Slightly subtidal to about 20 m
Description:- Aperture color reddish brown.
----------
Conus poormani
Berry, 1968
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SBMNH Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Leafl. Malacol. 1, no. 35, p. 156
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Off Moro Colorado, Sonora, Mexico; 24-26 fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 45 x 21.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-poormani
Synonyms:- fenzani Petuch
& Sargent, 2011
Geographic Range:-Gulf of California - Gulf of Panama
Habitat:-Offshore
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately heavy with a good gloss; low biconical,sides parallel then tapering
to narrow base; basal ridges extending and weakening; shoulder broad,carinate,
concave above; spire moderate, sharply pointed, sides concave/straight; spire
whorls distinctly stepped, first 3 whorls nodulose, others carinate; tops whorl
concave; body whorl white, with broad orange brown axial flammules to midbody;
fully developed shells have reticulate appearance; spiral spots absent or
poorly developed; base light; spire nad shoulder white with many curved axial
lines of orange brown; early whorls pale brown; aperture moderately narrow,
widening; outer lip thin sharp; mouth white; columella narrow mostly internal,
slightly oblique.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus poremskii Petuch & Myers , 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP Petuch & Myers
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, 35 with
pic., pl. 3 D & E
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: off Corumbau, Bahia State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and
catalogued
Type Size: 16 x 7 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-poremskii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- from Guarapari, Espiritu Santo State (Coltro, 2011:
60) to central Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.
Habitat:- On coarse carbonate sand and rubble in 1 m depth, near reef
Description:-Source Original description
Shell of average size for genus, proportionally broad, inflated, and stocky,
wide across the shoulder; shoulder sharply angled, bordered with large, rounded
carina; spire proportionally low, broadly pyramidal, with slightly canaliculate
whorls; body whorl smooth and polished, with 10 deeply incised spiral sulci
around anterior one-third; spire whorls smooth; body whorl base color deep
blue-purple, overlaid with large amorphous dark brown patches arranged in 2
broad bands, one around posterior two-thirds and one around anterior end;
blue-purple base color and brown patches, in turn, overlaid with 16-18
evenly-spaced rows of alternating dark brown and white dots and dashes;
shoulder carina marked with 10-16 large dark brown spots; spire whorls with
large, regularly-spaced slender dark brown flammules, some of which connect
with spots on shoulder carina; early whorls pale tan; aperture proportionally
wide, becoming wider toward anterior end; interior of aperture dark purple
brown; protoconch proportionally large, rounded, mamillate, composed of 2
whorls; periostracum thin, smooth, transparent.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus portobeloensis Petuch, 1990
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Alan Kohn
Published in: Nautilus. 104 (2), p. 68, f. 32 &
33
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Portobelo, Panama
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-portobeloensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-E. Panama, Honduras
Habitat:-Trawled at depths of 30 m
Description:-Source: Original description
Shell elongate, subpyriform, with low spire; earliest postnuclear whorls
protracted, becoming flattened during ontogeny; shoulder sharply angled, edged
with small but distinct carina that projects beyond shoulder margin; body whorl
smooth and shiny, with 20 large, raised cords around the anterior quarter;
spire whorls smooth; shell color white, marked with intermittent longitudinal
flammules of pale orange-tan; longitudinal flammules, in turn, overlaid with
scattered darker tan dots and dashes; anterior end of body whorl pale
yellow-orange; spire white, with scattered amorphous f1ammules of dark
orange-tan; midbody marked with clear white band; interior of aperture white;
protoconch and early whorls dark orange; periostracum thin, tan, silky in
texture.
Discussion:-Discussion: At first glance, Conus portobeloensis appears to be related to the C. garciai-ernesti-cingulatus species
complex, particularly in color pattern. Based upon the presence of a shoulder
carina and a subpyriform body form, however, C. portobeloensis appears to be more closely related to C. commodus A. Adams, 1854
(reillustrated by Petuch, 1987: plate 10, figures 18. 19) from off Roatan
Island. Honduras, and may be the Panamanian analogue. Conus portobeloensis differs from the Honduran species in being a
larger, more elongated shell and in having a color pattern of orange-tan
flammules and dots. The new Panamian species is also similar to C. paraguana Petuch, 1987 from the Gulf
of Venezuela, as both species have an orangish dashed color pattern and both
have a clear white midbody band. Conus
portobeloensis differs from C.
paraguana, however, in being a much larger, broader species with a wider
and more sharply angled shoulder.
Tucker comments: It is probably better known as G.paschalli but there is really no difference between the type
specimens of G. paschalli and that of
G. portobeloensis.
----------
Conus potiguar Petuch & Berschauer, 1988
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP
Published in: Festivus Vol. 51; p. 221-222,
Fig. 1, I & J
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: off Tibau do Sul, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSPdeposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20.9 x 10.6 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-potiguar
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brazil
Habitat:- in a
lobster trap set at 10 m depth, on the coralline
algal
reef systems
Description:-
Shell of average size for genus, stocky with slightly rounded sides;
shoulder sharply-angled, edged with pronounced carina; spire elevated,
pyramidal, slightly scalariform; body whorl shiny and polished, with 15-20 very
low, faint spiral threads which become more numerous and stronger toward
anterior end; body whorl color variable, ranging from red and orange to yellow
and khaki green; colored number of very fine darker-colored spiral threads and
rows of tiny dots; mid-body marked with wide band of large white flammules,
with some fusing into solid white band; white midbody band often edged with
small pale reddishbrown flammules; spire whorls and shoulder carina white, with
10-12 large, prominent, evenly-spaced reddish brown flammules per whorl; spire flammules
extend onto white shoulder carina, producing distinctive checkered pattern;
aperture proportionally narrow, slightly arcuate; interior of aperture varying
with color of individual, being lighter-colored version of exterior body whorl
color.
Discussion:
----------
Conus
poulosi Petuch, 1993
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in CMNH Alan Kohn
Published in: La Conchiglia xxiv, no. 265, p. 11,
f. 12 & 13
Ocean geography:West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Cabo La Vela, Goajira Peninsula, Colombia; 35 m.
Type Data: Holotype in CMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 36 x 18 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-poulosi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Colombia
Habitat:-Found at depths around 30 meters
Description:-Source Original description
Shell very elongated, slender, swollen at shoulder, tapering toward anterior
end; sides of body whorl below shoulder distinctly concave, producing midline
constriction; shoulder angled, slightly rounded at periphery; spire flattened,
with early whorls protracted; body whorl polished, sculptured with numerous
very fine, weak spiral threads, producing silky texture; anterior end encircled
with 12 large spiral cords; anterior half of body whorl with 5 widely-spaced,
stronger threads that stand above finer spiral threads; aperture narrow,
constricted in middle, wider at anterior and posterior ends; body whorl color
orange with paler orange longitudinal streaks; edge of rounded shoulder angle
periphery marked with scattered large white patches; anterior tip of shell
paler orange; spire white with scattered brown flammules on early whorls,
becoming solid orange with few scattered white patches on penultimate and body
whorls; protoconch and earliest whorls light brown; interior of aperture pale orange-white;
periostracum unknown.
Discussion:-Note Tucker suggests that it may be synonym of C. sanderi.
On the northern South American cones, Conus
poulosi most closely resembles Conus
honkeri Petuch, 1988. Although both shells are elongated and slender, the
new species has a concave profile with a distinct midline constriction, while C. honkeri is slightly convex in profile
and lacks the midline constriction. The spire of C. honkeri is higher than that of C. poulosi and its whorls are distinctly canaliculate. The spire
whorls of C. poulosi are flattened
and are non-canaliculate. The new species also resembles the widespread C. attenuatus Reeve, 1844, but differs
in being a larger shell, in having the swollen, projecting shoulder periphery,
and in having the conspicuous midline
constriction. In this last character, C.
poulosi somewhat resembles a small, smooth version of the Indo-Pacific C. emaciatus Reeve, 1849. The new
species is the only western Atlantic known to have such a pronounced midbody
constriction.
----------
Conus praecellens A. Adams, 1854
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1854, p. 119
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: China Seas
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35 x 15 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kurodaconus Species:-praecellens
Synonyms:- subaequalis Sowerby
iii, 1870
Geographic Range:-Japan to Philippines and Melanesia (Papua New Guinea,
Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu); Madagascar, Reunion, Somalia, India
and W. Thailand; W. Australia; probably also in Indonesia
Habitat:-In 10-250 m. In Papua New Guinea, a coarsely sculptured typical
form on muddy bottom in about 12 m or at depths of 30-40 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to moderately large, moderately light to moderately solid;
relative weight may vary by 40%. Last whorl conical to ventricosely conical or
pyriform, sometimes to broadly and ventricosely conical; outline convex
adapically, slightly convex to concave below. Shoulder carinate, with a
moderately deep to deep exhalent notch. Spire high, stepped; outline straight
to concave. Larval shell of about 2 whorls, maximum diameter 0.6-0.8 mm. First
4-5 postnuclear whorls weakly tuberculate; late whorls carinate. Teleoconch
sutural ramps slightly concave, with 0-1 increasing to 5-12 spiral grooves.
Last whorl with punctate or axially striate spiral grooves of equal or variable
width separated by strong to weak ribbons.
Ground colour white or pale brown. Last whorl with spiral rows of yellowish to
dark brown dots and bars on ribbons, and fusing into 3 spiral bands, below
shoulder and on both sides of centre. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear sutural
ramps with sparse to many brown radial markings. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 33-63 mm
RW 0.06-0.25 g/mm
(L 34-54 mm)
RD 0.54-0.75
PMD 0.82-0.92
RSH 0.24-0.38
Discussion:-C. praecellens is
larger (to 63 mm) than C. acutangulus
and differs in the absence of tubercles on its late postnuclear whorls, the
greater number of spiral grooves on its late sutural ramps, and in the lower
number of whorls of its larval shell (about 2.5 whorls c 3 to 4).
C. praecellens varies very widely in
relative diameter of the last whorl, but the variation is continuous and is not
correlated with other character differences. Shells from deep water may have a
slender and weakly sculptured last whorl, maculated with light brown. The type
specimen of C. sowerbii is a typical
specimen of C. praecellens. The taxonomic status of C. bicolor / C. sinensis remains disputable, because the type
specimen is lost and the type figure does not match C. praecellens in a satisfying way. RKK favour synonymy with C. praecellens, because such pyriform
specimens occur within the populations of the latter species; moreover, axial
flecks are also observed in typical C. praecellens . C. s. var. subaequalis refers
to a small individual of C. praecellens.
Cernohorsky (1965) documented C.
praecellens as the earliest available name for this species.
Morphologically very similar specimens that differ in a multispiral larval
shell (about 3 whorls) are only provisionally attached to this species.
See C. andremenezi, C. rizali, C. miniexcelsus descriptions
of 2010.
----------
Conus praelatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: Enc.
Méth. 1, p. 746, no. 140, (1798, Tab.
Enc. pl. 345, fig. 4 & 5)
Type Locality: East
Indies
Type Data:
Lectotype in MHNG
Type Size: 47 x 24
mm
Nomenclature: An
available Name
Taxonomy: A form
of Conus pennaceus regarded by Monnier et al., 2018, Xenophora Taxonomy
as a valid species
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:- praelatus
Synonyms:- tsara Niederhöfer en Blöcher, 2000
Geographic Range:-
Mozambique
Habitat:
Description: A colour form from the SW Indian Ocean with
blotches and fine lined tents; black or orange with bluish tents; last whorl
elongated ventricosely conical.
---------
Conus pretiosus
Nevill & Nevill, 1874
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in ZSIC Mike Filmer ZSIC
Published in: J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 43, pt. 2,
no. 1, p. 22
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Andamans
Type Data: Holotype in ZSIC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 60 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: a senior synonym of C.
phuketensis da Motta, 1978, C.
pretiosus should be forgotten (nomen oblitum) and C. phuketensis should take precedence (nomen protectum).
Taxonomy: Suppressed senior synonym
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name pretiosus
----------
Conus primus
Röckel & Korn, 1990
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paratype
Published in: Acta Conchyliorum Nr. 2, p. 45,
pl. 10, row 1, f. 1-5, p. 47, f. 1
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Banka Saya de Malha, Mascarene Ridge
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 85.2 x 27.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-prima
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Banka Saya de Malha, Indian Ocean
Habitat:-Found at depths of 80-100 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl narrowly
conoid-cylindrical; outline somewhat convex adapically, straight (right side)
or slightly concave (left side) below. Aperture somewhat wider at base than
near shoulder; depth of exhalent notch about 1/4 of maximum diameter. Shoulder
angulate. Spire of moderate height to high, outline straight to slightly
concave. Maximum diameter of larval shell about 0.9 mm. First 7-8 postnuclear
whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 2
increasing to 5 spiral grooves; last ramp may bear 4 grooves and a few spiral
striae. Last whorl with spiral ribs from base to shoulder, restricted to basal
third and weak in large specimens.
Ground colour white. Last whorl overlaid with light brown to orange leaving 4
spiral rows of white tents and blotches to almost solid white bands, just below
shoulder and centre and within adapical as well as basal third. Intervening
spiral colour bands may contain scattered white tents. Spiral rows of brown
dots and dashes extending from base to shoulder, containing intermittent bright
white dashes within the ground-colour zones. In a colour pattern variant from
the type locality, last whorl light brown except for sparse white markings
centrally, with wavy axial lines at centre and within adapical third. Larval
whorls white. Postnuclear sutural ramps matching last whorl in colour pattern.
Aperture white, or pale pink deep within.
Shell Morphometry
L 60-103 mm
RW -0.26 g/mm
(L 85 mm)
RD 0.39-0.43
PMD 0.76-0.81
RSH 0.18-0.25
Discussion:-C. primus cannot
be confused with any of its Indo-Pacific congeners. C. milneedwardsi may be superficially similar but is distinguished
by its broader and more conical last whorl (RD 0.42-0.54; PMD 0.86-0.94),
generally higher spire (RSH 0.20-0.36), relatively deeper exhalent notch, and
by its colour pattern including prominently reticulated lines but lacking
dotted to dashed spiral lines.
----------
Conus princeps Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in ZIUU Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Systema Naturae 10th ed., 1, p. 713.
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: Holotype in ZIUU deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 51 x 30 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Ductoconus Species:-princeps
Synonyms:- regius Hwass in
Bruguiere, 1792; lineolatus Valenciennes,
1832; regus Küster, 1837; apogrammatus Dall, 1910;
Geographic Range:-Sea of Cortez, W Mexico - Peru; Galapagos
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately to very heavy, often cumbersome, with a low gloss; obconical, the
sides nearly straight; basal ridges and axial threads; shoulder roundly angled,
with heavy but low coronations, broad; spire low/flat, the early whorls erode;
whorls heavily coronated, slightly concave above; body whorl deep pink to
bright orange, rarely yellowish, with/ without narrow/broad irregular axial
flammules/threads of black/dark brown;spire color as body with curved blackish
lines; early whorls eroded white; aperture narrow, uniform; outer lip sharp,
straight; mouth dull pink to orange often milky white within; columella short
narrow;
C. p. lineolatus covered with fine
axial black hairlines closely following axial growth lines;
C. p. aprogrammatus lacks markings.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus princeps apogrammatus Dall, 1910
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype
in USMN Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Proc. U.S.
natn. Mus. 38 (1741), p. 224, not figured
Ocean
geography:
Eastern Pacific
Type
Locality:
Panama, (West coast)
Type
Data: Holotype
in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 35.5 x 22
mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A form of Conus princeps
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Ductoconus Species:-princeps f. apogrammatus
Synonyms:
Geographic
Range:- West
coast of Panama
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately to very heavy, often
cumbersome, with a low gloss; obconical, the sides nearly straight; basal
ridges and axial threads; shoulder roundly angled, with heavy but low
coronations, broad; spire low/flat, the early whorls erode; whorls heavily
coronated, slightly concave above;body whorl deep pink to bright orange, rarely
yellowish, with/ without narrow/broad irregular axial flammules/threads of
black/dark brown;spire color as body with curved blackish lines; early whorls
eroded white; aperture narrow, uniform; outer lip sharp, straight; mouth dull
pink to orange often milky white within; columella short narrow;
C.
p. aprogrammatus
lacks markings.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus princeps lineolatus Valenciennes, 1832
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype
in ZIUU Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Humboldt
& Bonpland, Voyage dans l' intérieur de l' Amerique dans les Années 1799 –
1802 Recueil d'Obeservations de Zoologie et Anatomie comparee, pt. 2, book 14:
p. 336, not figured
Ocean
geography:
Eastern Pacific
Type
Locality:
Acapulco, Mexico, (West coast)
Type
Data: Holotype
in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 62.5 x 36
mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A form of Conus princeps
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Ductoconus
Species:-princeps f. lineolatus
Synonyms:-
Geographic
Range West
Panama
Habitat:-Shallow water
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately to very heavy, often
cumbersome, with a low gloss; obconical, the sides nearly straight; basal
ridges and axial threads; shoulder roundly angled, with heavy but low
coronations, broad; spire low/flat, the early whorls erode; whorls heavily
coronated, slightly concave above; body whorl deep pink to bright orange,
rarely yellowish, with/ without narrow/broad irregular axial flammules/threads
of black/dark brown;spire color as body with curved blackish lines; early
whorls eroded white; aperture narrow, uniform; outer lip sharp, straight; mouth
dull pink to orange often milky white within; columella short narrow;
C.
p. lineolatus
covered with fine axial black hairlines closely following axial growth lines
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus priscai
Bozzetti,
2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in Bozzetti collection
Published in: Malacologia 77, p. 22, figs
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Saint Luce, 20 km North of Tolagnaro, South Eastern
Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in Bozetti Collection
Type Size: 59,73 x 28,89 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A synonym of archiepicopus
Hwass, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-priscai
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:-S.E. Madagascar; only known from the type locality
Habitat:-
Description:-Original descrtiption
Ventricosely conical, shoulder subangulate, body whorl convex on right side,
very slightly concave at the base and convex above left side. Body whorls
covered by thick and thin axial growth lines and spiral striae, the spirals
becoming stronger in the basal area. Body whorl with a white background color,
several spiral bands variable in width of light brown color and lattice
pattern, the first one on the shoulder, the remaining ones on the walls
surface. Other teleoconch whorls with a white background covered by axial
flammulae, dark brown on the first whorls becoming lighter after; apex light
brown, inside of the aperture yellowish.
Discussion:- The author compares
the species with C. biancae and C. textile.
----------
Conus profundorum
Kuroda,
1956
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in THTA Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Venus vol. xix, no. 1, p. 5,
text f. 8 & 9
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Tosa, Japan; 100+ fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in THTA deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 83 x 28 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Profundiconus Species:-profundorum
Synonyms:- soyomaruae Okutani,
1964
Geographic Range:-Japan, Philippines, New Caledonian area; possibly also
S. E. Pacific
Habitat:-Found at depths of 150-500 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, solid. Last whorl conical, ventricosely conical or
slightly pyriform; outline convex adapically, straight to concave below.
Shoulder rounded, occasionally indistinct. Spire of moderate height to high,
outline nearly straight or slightly sigmoid, occasionally slightly concave.
Larval shell of 3 or more whorls, maximum diameter 1-1.1 mm. First 4-7
postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, slightly concave
or sigmoid in later whorls, with a spiral striation. Last whorl with fine
spiral ribs at base.
Ground colour creamy-white to cream. Last whorl with a broad adapical
violet-brown or brown spiral band and often one or several similarly coloured
bands of varying widths below; bands sometimes irregularly interrupted. Apex
white. Later sutural ramps variably maculated or overlaid with brown to
violet-brown. Aperture light to pinkish brown.
Shell Morphometry
L 52-114 mm
RW 0.15-0.33 g/mm
(L 52-81 mm)
RD 0.54-0.63
PMD 0.78-0.87
RSH 0.16-0.28
Discussion:-C. profundorum is
similar to C. smirna, which differs
in its shoulder having a prominent edge, its flat late sutural ramps, and in
the simple pattern of its last whorl with 2 pale spiral bands on the white
ground. Shells of C. smirna from New
Caledonia and shells of C. profundorum from
New Caledonia can be distinguished by their shape (RD 0.49-0.53 vs. 0.62-0.63),
relative spire height (RSH 0.21-0.28 vs. 0.16-0.17), and colour pattern. C.
lani is a smaller species (to 54 mm) with a narrower, more conical last whorl
(RD 0.50-0.55; PMD 0.84-0.89) with straighter outline, flat late sutural ramps
and aplain brown colouration with white spots.
C. soyomaruae was assigned to C. smirna by Richard (1990), although
the latter species has a less ventricose and distinctly narrower last whorl (RD
of holotypes: 0.51 vs. 0.56). We consider C.
soyomaruae a colour form of C.
profundorum with a more prominent, darker brown banding, because all its
other conchological characters fall within the range of variation of the latter
species
----------
Conus prometheus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Tableau Enc. (1798, pl. 331, fig. 5)
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 667
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Africa
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Tableau
(1798, pl. 331, fig. 5)
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus
pulcher [Lightfoot], 1786
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name prometheus
----------
Conus propenudus Melvill, 1900
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMWC Mike Filmer
Published in: J. Conchol. ix, no. 10, p. 310
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Khor Fakkau, Oman
Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 88 x 40 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
aulicus Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-aulicus propenudus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Oman
Habitat:-In 1-30 m; on reef flats and coral reefs near dead and living
corals, sand substrates or sometimes coral rubble
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, moderately solid to moderately heavy. Form
gracianus, moderately small to moderately large, moderately solid. Last whorl
narrowly cylindrical to narrowly ovate, sometimes cylindrical to ovate; outline
straight and parallel-sided to slightly convex; left side concave and right
side straight at basal fourth. Aperture wider at base than near shoulder.
Shoulder subangulate to rounded. Spire usually of moderate height, outline
straight to slightly concave. Larval shell of 2.5-3 whorls, maximum diameter
about 0.8 mm. First 2-5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate, sometimes weakly
tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave to slightly convex, with
1 increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves in early whorls; late ramps with numerous
spiral striae. Last whorl with fine, closely spaced spiral ribs on basal fourth
to third and spiral threads above.
Ground colour white, often variably suffused with pink. Last whorl overlaid
with reddish to blackish brown, leaving small to moderately large ground-colour
tents and blotches. Brown areas interspersed with darker brown to black spiral
lines often articulated with ground-colour dots. Predominantly brown shells
intergrade with predominantly white shells. Form aurantia with an orange-brown
pattern. Larval whorls and first 3-5 postnuclear sutural ramps immaculate
white. Late ramps with radial streaks and blotches matching last whorl pattern
in colour. Aperture cream to yellow or orange, white in subadults.
Shell Morphometry
L 65-163 mm
RD 0.40-0.51
PMD 0.63-0.75
RSH 0.11-0.17
C. a. propenudus refers to a colour
pattern form with reduced brown network pattern.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus proteus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Tableau Enc. (1798, pl. 334, fig. 1)
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 682
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Indian Ocean [erroneous]. Var. B Santo Domingo &
Guadeloupe.
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Tableau
(1798, pl. 334, fig. 1)
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus spurius
Gmelin, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name proteus
----------
Conus proximus Sowerby ii, 1859
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p.
429, pl. 49, f. 1
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31 x 15 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Textilia Species:-proximus
Synonyms:- pulcher A. Adams, 1854
Geographic Range:-Philippines to Vanuatu and Fiji
Habitat:-Found in sand below reefs at 50-90 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, conical to conoid- cylindrical; outline
slightly convex, columella slightly deflected to left at siphonal fasciole.
Shoulder angulate to subangulate, with about 12-17 tubercles. Spire of low to
moderate height, outline concave. Larval shell with about 2 whorls, maximum
diameter 0.8-0.9 mm. Postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps
flat with 0 increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves, sometimes with a few additional
striae. Last whorl with widely to closely spaced, often granulose spiral ribs
or ribbons either extending from base to shoulder or restricted to basal part;
grooves between punctate or axially striate.
Ground colour white to light brown. Last whorl heavily clouded with yellowish
to orangish brown; colour marking irregularly arranged or forming indistinct
spiral bands on both sides of centre. Spiral rows of brown or orange dots and
dashes extending from base to shoulder, varying from numerous to absent.
Postnuclear sutural ramps with radial streaks matching last whorl pattern in
colour, often as pronounced spots between tubercles. Aperture white to pale
blue or violet.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-45 mm
RW 0.10-0.24 g/mm
RD 0.53-0.63
PMD 0.82-0.92
RSH 0.08-0.21
Discussion:-C. moluccensis is
very similar in shell characters and in the colouration of the animal. It
differs from C. proximus mainly in
its multispiral (3.5 or more vs. 2 whorls) larval shell and in its larger size
(to 60 mm). In Philippines, typical form occurs sympatrically with heavily
sculptured shells (form cebuensis)
and shells with rather smooth last whorl. These forms intergrade in shell
morphology and shell pattern.
Conus proximus cebuensis Sowerby ii, 1859
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype
in IRSN Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Gloria Maris
29 (2), p. 25, figs 4 - 6
Ocean
geography:
Indo-Pacific
Type
Locality: Punta
Engano, Mactan Is, Cebu, Philippines
Type
Data: Syntype in
IRSN deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 37.1 x
19.2 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A subspecies of Conus proximus, according to Filmer a
form
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Textilia Species:-proximus cebuensis
Synonyms:-
Geographic
Range:-Philippines
Habitat:- Shallow to deeper
water, 2 - 40 m
Description:- Gloria Maris: Shell
solid, slightly glossy of medium size, average 35-40 mm. Spire medium to low,
nearly straight and a little concave near the apex, which is acute. The 9
whorls have two spiral cords and are weakly coronated. Sides of the bodywhorl
are convex just below the shoulder, the middle part is straight and slightly
compressed above the base. Bodywhorl ornamented with numerous elevated spiral
cords, smooth intersticed. The surface is cream to light pinkish in fresh
specimens. Spiral cords interrupted brown to blackish brown, some irregular
white spots. Inside aperture is blue-white.
Discussion:- Less slender than
the nominate, more stout and convex beneath the shoulder; spire weakly
coronated instead of strong pronounced. Less spiral cords.
----------
Conus pseudaurantius Vink & von Cosel, 1985
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Rev. Suisse. Zool. 92, p. 544, pl. 4, figs. 8-12, pl. 6. figs. 1
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Union Isle, Lesser Antilles
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 34.5 x 17.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Protoonus Species:-pseudaurantius
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Known only from Grenada and the islands of the
Grenadines with records from Carriacou, Union Isle and Mustique.
Habitat:-Found on sand or coral rubble in shallow water at depths of 3
to 5 m.
Description:-Source Vink
A slender shell, 30 to 40 mm, with short to moderately elevated rather
straight-sided spire with coronated spire whorls. Body whorl slightly convex,
shoulder of body whorl tuberculated with numerous knobs, becoming obsolete on
the last half of the body whorl in fully adult specimens. Surface with weak
spiral rows of granules, mainly at the anterior half of the body whorl.
Aperture broadening anteriorly producing a rounded base, no 'internal
restriction' within the aperture. Animal bright red, operculum tiny but
longish, about 1/5 of aperture height. Colour pattern consisting of two
irregular orange brown, red brown or black spiral bands of irregular isolated
or interconnected patches on purplish white or yellowish white background. In
addition numerous spiral lines of dark brown dots in the light areas and very
small close-set white dots in the dark areas.
Discussion:-C. pseudaurantius
could be confused with C. aurantius
(which is larger with larger and more pronounced shoulder knobs, a more narrow
base and spiral rows of small dots on the body whorl which are more dense and
with more numerous dots).
----------
Conus pseudimperialis Moolenbeek, Zandbergen, Bouchet, 2008
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Bill
Fenzan
Picture
Link: Bill
Fenzan/ Paul Kersten
Published in: Vita Malacologica 6, 31
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Nuku Hiva, Marquesas
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 37.4 x 32.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Rhombiconus Species:-pseudimperialis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Marquesas
Habitat:-Found at depths of 35-50 m.
Description:-Source original description
Height 37.4 mm, width 20.8 mm, aperture height 32.4 mm. Shell medium- sized,
solid to heavy. Last whorl broadly conical. Spire low to moderate height,
outline straight to slightly concave. Protoconch partly broken. First pnw,
slightly stepped but a bit eroded. First pnw with nodules and spire whorls with
two fine spiral grooves which gradually disappear. Later whorls with irregular
axial growth threads and nodules on the edge of the whorls. Body whorls
straight, only the upper part slightly convex. On the edge of the shoulder of
the body whorl 14 nodules. The lower part of the body whorl has numerous,
hardly visible fine spiral grooving. Colour pc white. Ground colour body whorl
greyish white with numerous spiral colour bands. These bands consists of very
fine brown spots, or bands with white and dark chocolate-brown spots. Some dark
brown blotches irregularly disposed. especially on the ventral side. Base dark
brown. Aperture white except the base which is chocolate brown.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus pseudocardinalis Coltro, 2004
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in MZUSP Bill Fenzan
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Strombus 11, p. 7
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: 125 km NE Abrolhos Arch., off Alcobaca, Bahia State,
Brazil (15deg 50' S, 37deg 57' W)
Type Data: Holotype in MZUSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 15 x 7.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Purpuriconus Species:-pseudocardinalis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brasil
Habitat:-Lives on rubble and coral sand bottom at 20-35 meters on
offshore reefs.
Description:-Source: original description
Length: 14 to 24 mm, concave-sided, variable spire from almost flat (1/8 of
size) to medium high {1/5 of size). Spire irregular, almost smooth with a low
deep suture between the whorls. Shoulder of the body whorl irregular to smooth.
Body whorl slightly cylindrical covered by 15-18 widely spaced weak spiral
ridges. Apex pink, nucleus with 1 1/2 to 2 whorls. Spire with 5 up 7 whorls,
with medium deep suture. Color body variable from dark green to red- brown,
with a central irregular white and brown band. Top with white and brown
irregular marks covering up to shoulder border. Deep purple aperture, colored
inner margin.
Discussion:-Similar to C.
cardinalis Hwass, 1792, C. pseudocardinalis is more slender and has no
nodules on the shoulder or in the body spiral ridges. Regarding C. pseudocardinalis, it is quite
impossible to consider this species as a form of the Caribbean C. cardinalis. The geographic
distributions of the two populations are largely disjunct, the differences
cited above are consistent, and no intermediate specimens have been found. The
species lives in an offshore reef.
----------
Conus pseudocedonulli Blainville, 1818
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Dict. Sci. Nat. 10, p. 247
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None
Type Data: There is no known specimen
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
ammiralis Linnaeus, 1758; RKK regards it as a subspecies; Monnier et al.,
2018 tentatively regard it as valid
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Leptoconus Species:-ammiralis pseudocedonulli forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Mozambique to Kenya and Seychelles, West Thailand
Habitat:-C. a. pseudocedonulli
slightly subtidal to about 50 m, from fine to coarse sand and muddy sand.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. ammiralis
Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to heavy; relative weight of similarly
sized specimens may vary by 50%. Last whorl conical to ventricosely conical;
outline variably convex at adapical fourth and almost straight below, sometimes
slightly concave centrally. Shoulder angulate, smooth in C. a. ammiralis, except weakly tuberculate in specimens with
granulose ribs on last whorl (form architalassus);
shoulder prominently tuberculate in C. a.
pseudocedonulli. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to
concave. Maximum diameter of larval shell about 0.9 mm. About first 4 postnuclear
whorls weakly tuberculate (C. a.
ammiralis) or all whorls tuberculate (C.
a. pseudocedonulli). Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave,
with 1 increasing to 4-6 fine spiral grooves, replaced by many spiral striae in
last 3 whorls. Last whorl usually with closely spaced weak to obsolete spiral
ribs near base; some populations of C. a.
ammiralis (e.g. Moluccas; Solomon Is.) include granulose specimens (form architalassus).
Ground colour white. Last whorl with 2-6 variably broad pale orange to dark
brown spiral bands, containing dark spiral as well as axial lines and
interrupted by small to large white tents that may fuse to some extent. Below
shoulder, at base and between colour bands, fine yellow to tan lines form a
delicate network with fewer large white tents. Pattern occurs in varied
designs. Larval whorls pink. Early postnuclear sutural ramps usually eroded,
grading from pink to white, sometimes with brown dots at outer margins. Late
ramps with light to dark brown radial blotches containing darker radial lines.
Aperture white, occasionally orange-brown deep within.
Blainville description
C.
pseudocedonulli has neither a double regular band medially nor with
pattern of two adapical and two abapical spiral narrow bands. Only with brown or
reddish spiral lines, articulated with white dots, and with irregular white
blotches of varable size, rarely edged with brown; ground colour cinnamon,
orange,light brown or reddish black.
Discussion:-C. pseudocedonulli
is best considered a geographic subspecies of C. ammiralis, occurring throughout the Indian Ocean as far east as
W. Thailand.
----------
Conus pseudocuneolus Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Cone Shells form Cape Verde Is.
p. 117, f. 96-99
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Serra Negra & Parda Bays, Sal Is.,Cape Verde Is., 0.
5-4 m.
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 30.1 x 17.8 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A synonym of cuneolus Reeve, 1843; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-pseudocuneolus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cape Verde Islands (Sal Island, Baia Parda and Serra
Negra).
Habitat:-Found at depths of 1-4 metres
Description:-Source Original description
A moderately large shell very variable. Most specimens have a very dark aspect,
with a light band at about mid-body crossed by many dark brown axial wavy
lines, the rest of the body whorl being covered by a dark brown layer, the
axial lines occasionally showing through. Some specimens, however, are much
lighter coloured, eventually honey-coloured, but always presenting the kind of
pattern just described. A second light band often occurs near the shoulder.
The spire is moderately low, slightly concave-sided, and the spire whorls are
spirally striated. The body whorl is smooth, except for some spiral grooves
near the anterior end.
The aperture is purplish blue to purplish white, the edge of the thin straight
lip presenting, by transparency, the external coloration.
Discussion:-C. pseudocuneolus
Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980 may resemble some forms of C. cuneolus Reeve, 1843, but is generally
larger, with a more or less constant and distinct pattern. No intergrades have
been found between C. pseudocuneolus
and C. cuneolus, the latter not
occurring at the same locations as the former.
Abalde
et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology
(2017) 17:231
Phylogenetic
relationships of cone shells endemic to Cabo Verde based on mitochondrial
genomes
New species proposed: Africonus
cuneolus Reeve, 1843
----------
Conus
pseudoecho Bozetti, 2013
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
MNHN Paris Luigi Bozzetti
Published
in: Malacologia 78, p. 9 -10, figs.
Type
Locality: West Pacific
Type Data: Holotype in
MNHN Paris
Type Size: 60.74 x 31 mm
Nomenclature: An available
Name
Taxonomy: A subspecies
of Conus pennaceus
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-pennaceus pseudoecho subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no
junior synonyms
Geographic
Range:- Lavanono, Southern Madagascar
Habitat: Found crabbed
Description: Profile
conical, shoulder angulate, body whorly slightly convex; back ground reddish
brown with numerous tent-shaped spots irregularly spread over the whole
surface; surface of the body whorl covered by evenly distributed brown spiral
lines.
----------
Conus pseudokimioi da Motta & Martin, 1982
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Carf. Phil. Shell News 4
(3), p. 9, fig. 4
Ocean geography :Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Mindanao Sea off Siguijor Is., Philippines; ca. 100
fathoms.
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20 x 11 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-pseudokimioi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Found at depths of 120-240 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small and light. Last whorl conical to slightly pyriform; outline straight to
convex adapically, straight to concave below. Shoulder angulate. Spire low,
outline concave. Larval shell of about 3 whorls, maximum diameter about 1 mm.
First 1-3 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with
1-3 increasing to 4-7 spiral grooves. Last whorl with fine, variably spaced
spiral ribs at base and about 6 fine spiral grooves below shoulder.
Ground colour light greyish violet. Last whorl encircled with about 20 fine
brown spiral lines and with light brown axial streaks and rectangular blotches
forming an interrupted spiral band at centre. Larval whorls grey. Postnuclear
sutural ramps with evenly spaced brown radial blotches extending over shoulder,
darker at their outer margins or reduced to marginal dots in early whorls.
Aperture violet.
Shell Morphometry
L 16-23 mm
RW - (< 0.06 g/mm)
RD 0.52-0.61
PMD 0.85-0.91
RSH 0.10-0.14
C. kimioi has narrow last whorl, with
brick wall pattern and is concave adapically and has carinate shoulder.
C. spirofilis has broader last whorl,
slightly higher spire, on no spiral grooves on sutural ramps.its last whorl may
have ribs rather than grooves below shoulder
Discussion:-C. pseudokimioi
was described as a subspecies of C.
kimioi. RKK provisionally favour the status of a separate species for C. pseudokimioi, because C. kimioi differs in its narrower last
whorl (RD 0.46-0.54) with a regular brick wall pattern and a concave rather
than convex outline adapically; its shoulder is carinate rather than angulate
and its larval shell slightly darker, slightly narrower and of slightly more
whorls than that of C. pseudokimioi.
C. spirofilis. can be distinguished by its broader last whorl (RD 0.63-0.75).
generally higher spire (RSH 0.14-0.22), and the absence of spiral grooves on
its sutural ramps; its last whorl may have spiral ribs rather than fine spiral
grooves below the shoulder.
----------
Conus pseudomarmoreus Crosse, 1875
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype
in MNHN Mike Filmer
Published in: J. Conchyl. xxiii, p. 223,
pl. ix, f. 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 50.5 x 20.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
marmoreus Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Conus Species:-marmoreus pseudomarmoreus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia
Habitat:-In 1-15 m. On coral reef platforms and lagoon pinnacles, on
coral debris and in sand often under rocks or among weed.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. marmoreus.
Form pseudomarmoreus is characterized
by an almost smooth shoulder. Shells with a typically arranged reddish to
brownish orange pattern are known from the Isle of Pines (New Caledonia).
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus pseudonivifer Monteiro, Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture:
Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Iconography West African and
Mediterranean Cones, p. 66
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Baia das Gatas, Boavista I., Cape Verde Is.
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 47 x 30 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Trovaoconus Species:-pseudonivifer
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Boavista, Cape Verde
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Shell moderately large (normal length: 30 to 50 mm), with straight profile and
a short, convex spire, with well-marked suture. The shell has a bluish white
background with a distinctive pattern of spiral interrupted thick lines in
shades of deep purple or dark brown. The spire is bluish white with dark brown
blotches. The aperture and columella are purple.
Discussion:-C. pseudonivifer
sp. nov. can be separated from C.
trochulus Reeve, 1844 because the latter has a more slender shell. It can
also be separated from C. venulatus
Hwass, 1792, which has a white or light bluish ground color on the last whorl
and spire, slightly convex profile, slightly concave spire and whitish
aperture.
----------
Conus pseudoracemosus Bozzetti,
2012 A nomen nudum; only listed for
reference
Published in: Malacologia 74, 7
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not Known
Type Data: There is no known specimen
Nomenclature: A nomen nudum:- an unavailable name (nomen nudum),
described as form post 1960
Taxonomy: Not applicable
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name pseudoracemosus
----------
Conus pseudorbignyi Röckel & Lan, 1981
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in TMGS Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Bull. Malac. R. O. C. 8, p. 15,
f. 1-3, 6 & 9
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Trawled southwest of Taiwan or south in Taiwan Strait;
200-400 m.
Type Data: Holotype in TMGS deposited and catalogued
Type Size : 44.9 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Bathyconus Species:-pseudorbignyi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Taiwan - Indonesia
Habitat:-Found at depths of 100-400m in mud
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small (shells from Philippines and Sulawesi) to medium-sized (shells
from Taiwan), light to moderately light. Last whorl narrowly conical or
narrowly conoid-cylindrical to slightly pyriform; outline slightly convex at
adapical two-thirds, straight to concave below. Aperture very narrow. Siphonal
canal often deflected to the dorsal side. Shoulder angulate to carinate, almost
smooth to weakly tuberculate. Spire of moderate height to high, stepped;
outline nearly straight to slightly sigmoid. Larval shell of 3.5-4 whorls,
maximum diameter 0.9-1 mm. First 8-9 postnuclear whorls weakly tuberculate.
Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with radial threads and 1 increasing to 5-8
spiral grooves. Entire last whorl with axially striate spiral grooves
separating ribs basally and ribbons adapically; 1-3 fine spiral ribs replace
ribbons just below shoulder.
Ground colour beige, variably tinged with light brown. Last whorl of shells
from Taiwan usually with brown dots on spiral ribbons; dots not clustered into
spiral bands but often arranged in axial streaks or lines. Larval shell light
brown, with a brown sutural line. Postnuclear sutural ramps sparsely maculated
with brown radial markings and with brown dots along outer margin. Aperture
white to light brown.
Shell Morphometry
L 32-55 mm
RW 0.05-0.10 g/mm
RD 0.41-0.47
PMD 0.80-0.91
RSH 0.20-0.28
Discussion:-C. pseudorbignyi
is similar to the co-occurring C.
orbignyi orbignyi. Shells of the latter species attain larger size (85 mm),
are strongly tuberculate, and have a colour pattern of spiral bands on the last
whorl, while the colour pattern of C.
pseudorbignyi includes only less prominent separate brown dots
----------
Conus pseudoventricosus Röckel, Rolán
& Monteiro, 1980
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype
in Tursch collection Mike Filmer
Published in: Cone Shells form Cape Verde Is.
p. 83, f. 54
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Francisca Beach.,Sao Luzia Is., Cape Verde Is.
Type Data: Holotype was in Tursch collection and currently assumed to be
lost
Type Size: 30.5 x 16 mm
Nomenclature: A homonym:- an available name, an invalid name, a homonym
of C. pseudoventricosa Sacco, 1893
(fossil), renamed C. luziensis
Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1983.
Taxonomy: Renamed
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name pseudoventricosus
----------
Conus puillandrei
Tenorio &
Castelin, 2016
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN
Manuel Tenorio
Published in: European
Journal of Taxonomy; p. 29 – 35; fig. 12 A-J
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Banc Jumeau-est, Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 43.2 x 18.0 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONOLITHINAE
Genus:-Profundiconus Species:-puillandrei
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia; Loyalty Reef, off
Curtis Isl., Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand and probably The Philippines
Habitat:-Found at depths of 1030 – 1180 m
Description:-Original Description
Shell moderately small to medium sized (maximum length: 57.0 mm). Shell
profile ventricosely conical, with a high spire. Spire profile sigmoid to
slightly concave. Protoconch multispiral of 3–3.5 whorls, white to
yellow-brown. The last whorl of the larval shell shows minute axial ridges.
Early teleoconch whorls with nodules, which are often indistinct after whorls 5
to 6, but may persist forming a nodulose ridge reaching the shoulder on the
last whorl. Sutural ramp flat to slightly concave, with very fine striae and
arcuate threads becoming obsolete in late whorls. Shoulder with a distinct
ridge, usually smooth, although it can be nodulose or even strongly nodulose in
some specimens. Last whorl with convex sides adapically, then almost straight
and slightly concave abapically. Last whorl smooth or with very fine striae
becoming more evident towards the base. Spire and last whorl patternless, white
to pale straw-yellow in colour. Columella white. Aperture pale yellow or white.
Periostracum yellow, thin and translucent. Operculum with serrations.
Discussion:-
Similar shells have been found in
the Philippines. These came on the market as Conus cf idedai Ninomiya, 1987.
----------
Conus pulcher [Lightfoot], 1786
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Lister (1688, pl. 772, fig. 18)
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Cat. Portland Mus. p. 179. no.
3844.
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Coasts of Guinea, (West Africa)
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Lister
(1688, pl. 772, fig. 18)
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kalloconus Species:-pulcher
Synonyms:- leoninus Gmelin, 1791; papilionaceus
Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792; prometheus Hwass
in Bruguiere, 1792; siamensis Hwass
in Bruguiere, 1792; byssinus Roding,
1798; indiae Roding, 1798; archithalassius Link, 1807; fluctifer Dillwyn, 1817; grandis Sowerby i, 1823; nicolii Wilson, 1831; breviculus Sowerby ii, 1833; bicolor Sowerby ii, 1833
Geographic Range:-West Africa frorn Senegal to Angola, including S. Tome
e Principe. Not present in the Cape Verde Islands.
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Iconography
Large to very large shell (in fact, this species has the largest specirnens in
the whole family Conidae, the largest having been recorded frorn Angola and S.
Tome e Pr�ncipe; normal size: 70 to 230 mm). The shell has a straight
profile, well rnarked shoulder,low to rnoderately high spire with a slightly
concave to convex profile. The sutural rarnps tend to be impressed, with
numerous growth lines. The ground color of the shell is white, with a pattem of
golden brown dots and dashes, often forming interrupted spiral lines. Those
brown rnarkings normally coalesce, forming wide spiral brown bands. The spire
has a pattem of fairly regular altemating white and brown areas.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus pulcher byssinus Röding, 1798
Pictures:
Picture
Link:
Representation of Lectotype in Martini (1773,
pl. 60, fig. 669)
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Mus. Bolten
2, p. 41, no 518/40, not figured
Ocean
geography: East
Atlantic and West Africa
Type
Locality: Not
mentioned, designated (Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils) Villa Cisneros, Western
Sahara
Type
Size: 65 x 42 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A subspecies of Conus pulcher
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kalloconus Species:-pulcher byssinus
Geographic
Range:- West
Africa
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Iconography: The shell
is similar to that of Conus pulcher
but more cylindrical, with a stocky profile. It is more brightly colored,
presenting solid brownish spiral lines on the body whorl, on which the white
background color is usually predominant. The brown markings tend to be darker,
more clearly defined and thicker, even in the shape of small rectangles.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus pulcher siamensis Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link:
Representation of Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio
Rolán
Published
in: Enc. Méth.
1, p. 662, no. 58, (1798, Tab. Enc. pl. 329, fig. 8)
Ocean
geography: East
Atlantic and West Africa
Type
Locality: Indian
Ocean [erroneous]
Type
Data: Lectotype
in MHNG
Type
Size: 102.5 x 62
mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species renamed Kalloconus canariens Tenorio, Ablade, Pardos-Blas & Zardoyae,
2020; see there
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kalloconus Species:-pulcher byssinus
Geographic
Range:- Canary
Islands and Madeira
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Iconography: The shell
is similar to that of C. p. pulcher, but more brightly
colored, with shades of violet-brown. Shell is solid and heavy, always broader
than that of the nominate, with a very low or low spire. The lip is very thin
even in adult specimens. They may grow up to 180 mm, but the average size
depends much on the particular population.
The largest specimens can be found at Lanzarote, the smallest at La
Palma.
Discussion:-No Data
-----------
Conus pulicarius Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Living Animal: David Massemin Tahiti
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 622
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Pacific Ocean
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 45 x 29 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Puncticulis Species:-pulicarius
Synonyms:- fustigatus Hwass in
Bruguiere, 1792; punctulatus Roding,
1798; vautieri Kiener, 1845;
Geographic Range:-Central and W. Pacific, Polynesia except Marquesas;
Indian O., Cocos (Keeling) Island, and northern Western Australia.
Habitat:-Intertidal to more than 75 m; in deep sand away from limestone
outcrops and growing coral; mostly in sand-filled channels and large patches of
sand on reef flats.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, solid to heavy. Last whorl conical,
conoid-cylindrical, or ventricosely conical, often broadly conical in C. p. pulicarius; outline convex at
subshoulder area and almost straight below, often with slight convexity above
base. Siphonal fasciole pronounced, may be separated from basal part by an
incision. Shoulder subangulate to rounded, weakly to strongly tuberculate.
Spire of low to moderate height, consistently low in C. p. vautieri; outline slightly concave to straight. Larval shell
of about 3.5 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.7 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls
strongly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 1 increasing to
4-5 spiral grooves. Last whorl with variably spaced spiral grooves and adjacent
ribs on basal fourth.
C. p. pulicarius: Ground colour
white. Last whorl with spiral rows of irregularly set black spots or bars
clustered in an interrupted spiral band within adapical and abapical third;
clusters often emphasized by underlying shadows of yellow, brown or violet.
Near base, white dashes usually alternate with black markings. Black spots and
bars may fuse into solid axial flames. Larval whorls white to grey. Teleoconch
sutural ramps with variously solid black markings, varying in number and
arrangement. Aperture white to bluish white, often suffused with yellow or
orange.
Shell Morphometry
L 35-75 mm
RW 0.29-1.10 g/mm
(L 35-64 mm)
RD 0.63-0.80
PMD 0.78-0.88
RSH 0.04-0.22
C. fustigatus used for specimens
where spots fused into axial black stripes along growth marks; Also used for
specimens with widely spaced spots;
Discussion:-C. pulicarius
resembles C. arenatus in shell characters and body colouration. The pattern of
the latter species consists of more and smaller spots that form flamelike
clusters but do not fuse into solid axial flames; its last whorl has a more
convex outline as well as weaker spiral sculpture, and tends to be ventricosely
conical but not conoid-cylindrical. C.
fustigatus and C. punctulatus
refer to C. p. pulicarius.
Conus pulicarius f.
fustigatus Hwass in Bruguiere,
1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 623
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Indian Ocean
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41 x 27 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus pulicarius Hwass in Bruguiere,
1792
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
fustigatus
Discussion: Currently dealers are
offering dark patterned specimens as fustigatus.
These specimens do not match the lectotype.
Conus pulicarius vautieri Kiener,
1845
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Paul
Kersten
Published in: Coq. Viv. 2, pl. 100, fig. 3,
(1849 – 50, Coq. Viv. 2, Sup., p. 350, no. 313)
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not mentioned
Type Data: Holotype destroyed in World War 2
Type
Size: 32 x ? mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A subspecies of Conus
pulicarius
Current Group Names:-
Geographic Range: Marquesas
Islands
Description:
Medium-sized to moderately large, solid to heavy. Last whorl conical,
conoid-cylindrical, or ventricosely conical, often broadly conical; outline
convex at subshoulder area and almost straight below, often with slight
convexity above base. Siphonal fasciole pronounced, may be separated from basal
part by an incision. Shoulder subangulate to rounded, weakly to strongly
tuberculate. Spire of low ; outline slightly concave to straight; with brownish
grey ground colour and reddish brown pattern; bands around last whorl underlaid
with reddish brown; intermittent white dashes often pronounced also adapically;
aperture white.
Discussion: The local race from the Marquesas
Is. was described as C. vautieri, but
the conchological similarities support its status as a geographic subspecies of
C. pulicarius.
----------
Conus puncticulatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 702
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Santo Domingo, (Dominican Republic), Guadeloupe &
Martinique, restricted (Kohn) to Santo Domingo, corrected (Vink) to Colon,
Panama, (East coast)
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 27 x 17 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Leptoconus Species:-puncticulatus
Synonyms:- columba Hwass
in Bruguiere, 1792; mauritianus Hwass
in Bruguiere, 1792; millepunctatus
Röding, 1798; minutus Röding, 1798; scaber Link, 1807; pygmaeus Reeve, 1844; papillosus
Kiener, 1845; cardonensis Vink, 1990
Geographic Range:-Along the Caribbean coasts of Panama and Colombia.
Habitat:-Found on muddy or sandy bottoms at depths of 0 to 10 m often in
rich populations
Description:-Source Vink
A moderately heavy shell, 15 to 30 mm, with convex sides of the body whorl and
a slightly concave-sided sharply pointed spire. Spire whorls flat, the margins
not projecting carinae, nucleus: 1 1/2 whorls. Shoulder rounded to roundly angled,
often slightly concave above. The anterior end is twisted, resulting in a
distinct siphonal notch. Body whorl smooth with flat spiral ridges over the
anterior half; in some specimens these ridges are pustulose, and the pustules
may even cover the body whorl completely, i.e. also the upper half of the shell
where no incised lines are present.
Typical C. puncticulatus is purplish
white with spiral rows of purplish or brownish dots and purplish or brownish
axial flames.
Discussion:-No Data
Conus puncticulatus cardonensis
Vink, 1990
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype
in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published
in: Enc. Méth.
1, p. 702, no. 92, (1798, Tab. Enc. pl.
331, figs. 2 & 8)
Ocean geography: West Atlantic
and Caribbean
Type
Locality: Punta
Cardon, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela
Type
Data: Holotype
in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type
Size: 20.9 x
11.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A subspecies
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Leptoconus Species:-puncticulatus cardonensis subspecies
Synonyms:-
Geographic
Range:-Venezuela
and Colombia.
Habitat:-Mud, 0 – 10 mtrs
Description:-
Discussion:-No Data
Conus puncticulatus columba Hwass, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Lectotype
Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in:
Enc. Méth. 1: p. 709, no. 101, (1798, Tab. Enc. pl. 334, fig. 3)
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality:
Corrected (Vink) Fort de France, Martinique, (Windward Islands)
Type Data: Type
figure designated, (Clench) figure in Gualtieri, 1742, pl. 25, fig. G, (fig. 29
x 19 mm)
Type Size: 29 x
19 mm
Nomenclature:
An available Name
Taxonomy: A
form of Conus puncticulatus
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Leptoconus
Species:-puncticulatus f. columba
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:-West Indies
Habitat:-
Description:-
A white form; C. puncticulatus columba differs from typical C.
puncticulatus in being often proportionally wider at the shoulder and
having more pronounced widely spaced grooves anteriorly. Most specimens are
completely white, pinkish white or white with very small faint dots of brown.
Juvenile specimens may have brown axial flames, and occasionally large
specimens with dark markings like typical C. puncticulatus are found in
populations of otherwise perfectly white specimens. Also pustulose forms exist,
sometimes only a few cords near the middle of the body whorl are pustulose.
Discussion:-No
Data
----------
Conus punctomaculatus Bozzetti, 2020
Published in:
Malacologia Mostra Mondiale, No. 109
Ocean geography: Madagascar
Type Locality:
Lavanono, South Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype
in collection of the author
Type Size: 1 mm
Nomenclature:
An available Name
Taxonomy: A juvenile
of Conus medoci
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus
Species:-
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-
Description:-
Discussion:-
Xenophora Taxonomy 31, p. 49-50
----------
Conus purissimus Filmer, 2011
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype C. lacteus Mike Filmer
Published in: Visaya 3 (2), 33
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Asia. (C. lacteus
Lamarck, 1810)
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued (C .lacteus)
Type Size: 30 x 15.5 mm
Nomenclature: an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. lacteus Lamarck, 1810
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-purissimus
Synonyms:- lacteus Lamarck, 1810
Geographic Range:-Indonesia
Habitat:-At depths greater than 20 m.
Description:-New name for C.
lacteus Lamarck
Description Visaya M. Filmer
C. lacteus Lamarck, 1810 is a medium
sized (25 to 45 mm average 35 mm) solid, conical (RD .48-.54) and heavy
shell (RW 0.87- 1.66 average 1.23). The spire is low (9%-15% average 13% of
length) with a sharp protoconchand a barely concave outline. The protoconch,
which is often broken, is greyish-white and opaque (see pI. 28, fig. 8). There
are 8-9 post nuclear whorls, the early ones appear slightly beaded and are
stepped, the latter ones contain two deep and broad spiral grooves crossed by
numerous axial lines and having some further very fine spiral grooves
interspersed between the principle grooves. The later sutures are marked the
early ones less so. The spire is ivory white. The shoulder is angulate. The
body whorl is relatively straight but curves in just below the shoulder and is
slightly turned up at the base. The surface is glossy and contains fairly
regular spiral grooves which are close set and narrow at the base and become
well separated and broader towards the upper part of the body whorl. These
grooves usually extend to the shoulder but may become obsolete on the upper
part in some specimens. There are fine axial lines within the grooves giving a
cancellate appearance. The body whorl is white to ivory-white there is no other
color anywhere on the exterior of the shell. The aperture is broad, almost
flared and the interior is white, some specimens are very pale yellow deep
within .The lip is thin but firm, the anal notch is shallow and 'U' shaped. The
columella is longish and contains a slight twist at the base. The periostracum
is reported as brown in the original description.
Discussion: - No Data
----------
Conus purpurascens Sowerby ii, 1833
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Conch. Illus. pt. 25, f. 13. & 13*
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Type locality not mentioned, Annaa (Anaa Isl., Tuamotus
in Index, 1841), [erroneous].Broderip quotes Panama
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 47 x 30 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Chelyconus Species:-purpurascens
Synonyms:- regalitatis Sowerby
ii, 1834; comptus Gould, 1853; luzonicus Sowerby ii, 1858; rejectus Dall, 1910
Geographic Range:-Sea of Cortez, W Mexico - Peru; C Pacific; Galapagos
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Walls
Moderately heavy with a good/low gloss; low conical rather ovate at times, the
upper sides convex then concave tapering to base; basal ridges sometimes
extended or granulose;shoulder sharply angulate to roundly angled; spire rather
low, bluntly pointed/sharp, the sides straight/concave; spire whorls
concave,usually weakly stepped, the margins rude; body whorl purplish to bluish
grey, sometimes whitish or tan with violet tones, covered with numerous spiral
rows of brown dashes and white spots; the dashes often long almost continuous;large
irregular brownish, reddish blackish blotches around midbody sometimes fused
into bands or reduced in size; a row of small blotches below shoulder
sometimes; midbody area pale; spire and shouler bluish white, with dark brown
axial lines, margins of whorls often brown; early whorls pinkish; aperture
moderately wide, uniform; outer lip thin, sharp, straight/convex; mouth deep
bluish white to violet; columella long narrow mostly fused;
Discussion:-Specimens from Galapagos are very variable from dark brown
to unmarked white
----------
Conus purvisi
Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2017
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Published in: Malacologia 94, p. 32 - 33
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Praia do Canto, Boa Vista, Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 16.2 x 8.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of Conus
damottai Trovăo, 1979; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-purvisi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- Collected between 0.5 m and 5 m deep on the rocks covered in
algae and in cracks
Description:-Source: Original description
Malacologia
Small shell (10 to 13.5 mm) elongated pear-shaped profile, almost
biconical, with moderately high spire,slightly stepped with visible sutures, slightly concave
profile; the pattern of the spire has white speckles alternating with darker
brown-speckled fawn. The aperture is wide with
color brownish-reddish-purple colour, showing two light bands; the inner
edge of the lip highlights the typical exterior reticulation. The aperture at
the shoulder portion is slightly flared. The shell has a bluish-greenish base
colour with a pattern of irregular
zigzag macules and spiral band near the
middle obtained from a concentration of the
spots on the last whorl; thirty dashed spiral lines barely visible run through the entire last
whorl. The siphonal channel is quite wide and open and almost straight with a
slight deflection to the left. Some spiral grooves are found on the basal area.Animal
not available for study.
Discussion:-
Proposed new species Conus damottai Trovăo, 1979
Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae)
based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Abalde, Pardos-Blas & Zardoya
2020
----------
Conus pusillus Lamarck, 1810
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Published in: Ann. du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris)
xv, p. 39
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Guinea [erroneous]
Type Data: Lectotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20 x 11 mm
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus pusio
Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name pusillus
----------
Conus pusio Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Tableau Enc. (1798, pl. 334, fig. 4)
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers.
Vol. 1, p. 710
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Santo Domingo, (Dominican Republic), Martinique &
Guadeloupe, restricted (Kohn) to Santo Domingo, corrected (Vink) to Guadeloupe,
(Leeward Islands).
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Tableau
(1798, pl. 334, fig. 4)
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-pusio
Synonyms:- pusillus Lamarck,
1810; minutus Reeve, 1844; duvali Bernardi, 1862; boubeeae Sowerby iii, 1903
Geographic Range:-Widespread in the Eastern Caribbean and along the East
coast of Brazil with records from Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Vincent and the
States of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.
Habitat:-Found on sand bottom with some vegetation at a depth of 10 to
30 m
Description:-Source Vink
A small shell, 15 to 20 mm (rarely up to 25 mm) with convex sides of the body
whorl (more straight in juvenile specimens) and a straight-sided spire
producing an angle of 70 to 80deg. Shoulder roundly angulate, body whorl smooth
with a few incised spiral lines near the base; in some specimens the grooves
may extend to the shoulder. Spire whorls flat, nucleus: 1.5 whorls.
Fresh specimens of C. pusio have a
purplish white, purple or pale tan background with reddish brown maculations
and spiral rows of white and reddish brown dashes. However the purple and brown
quickly fade to yellow and orange, hence the French name for C. pusio: cone jaunisse (c. jaundice).
The midbody area is often pale. There are distinct white and reddish brown
dashes on the margin of the shoulder and spire whorls, in addition to dark
brown maculations on the spire. In most specimens a second row of dark spots
can be observed near the suture.
Discussion:-C. pusio could be
confused with C. mindanus ( which is
larger with a relatively lower spire and more concave tops of the spire
whorls), C. puncticulatus (which bas
a twisted anterior end with a distinct siphonal notch, and only one row of
brown dots on the spire whorls) and various species traditionally associated
with C. jaspideus (which have
carinated spire whorls).
Many authors have considered C. pusio
a junior synonym of C. jaspideus
or C. puncticulatus but this is
inconsistent with its description and illustration: the shell is smooth and
glossy, the spire whorls are not carinate, and on the spire whorls it has a double
brown and whitish dotted border, one at the upper margin and one at the lower
margin.
Tucker comments:Vink differentiated J.
pusio from J. mindanus, which he
said was larger than J. pusio, had a
relatively lower spire than J. pusio,
and had more concave whorl tops than J.
pusio. He also maintained that J.
jaspideus has carinated spire whorls but that J. pusio does not. Vink also recognized that J. mindanus and its relatives including J. pusio have two rows of spots on the whorl tops. One of these is along
the suture and the other is along the shoulder angle. In J. jaspideus, only the row of spots along the shoulder angle is
present. This trait is useful but not absolute. It can be said that J. mindanus, J. pusio, and J. iansa
usually have two rows of spots, whereas J.
jaspideus, as defined by me, usually has a single row.
The species of Perplexiconus also have but a single row of spots.
----------
Conus pyramidalis Lamarck, 1810
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Tableau Enc. (1798, pl. 347, fig. 5)
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Ann. du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris)
xv, p. 438
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Indes orientales (?)
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Tableau
(1798, pl. 347, fig. 5)
Nomenclature: An available Name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
textile Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-textile pyramidalis forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Kenya, Madagascar
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 50 m; on coral reef from the reef crest to
deeper water inside the lagoon and sometimes also on flats of mainland coasts
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. textile
C. pyramidalis: Last whorl rather
narrow (RD 0.60 or less) and conoid-cylindrical to ventricosely conical, with a
rather widely meshed pattern; spire comparatively high (RSH 0.13-0.19). Known
from Kenya and Madagascar. A form of C.
textile intergrading with more typically patterned sympatric variants that
may also have cylindrical or ovate last whorls. The lectotype mayhave an
aberrantly high spire.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Copyright Paul Kersten. Rights to all images remains
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