Conus
saecularis Melvill, 1898
Pictures:
Picture Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Mem. Proc. Manchester Lit. an
Phil. Soc. xlii, no. 4, p. 10, pl. I,
f. 23
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Persian Gulf
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29 x 12 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Bathyconus Species:-saecularis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. Thailand, and N. E. Malaysia; Ryukyu Is.,
Philippines, Solomon Is., and Papua New Guinea.
Habitat:-Found at depths of 80-400 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to medium sized, light to moderately light. Last whorl narrowly conical
to conical, sometimes approaching pyriform; right side nearly straight in
outline, occasionally slightly concave at base; left side usually concave in
outline, sometimes straight to slightly convex below shoulder. Siphonal canal
often deflected to the dorsal side. Shoulder sharply angulate to carinate, with
a deep exhalent notch. Spire of moderate height to high, usually stepped;
outline concave. Larval shell of 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-0.9 mm.
First 5-8 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly
concave, with radial threads crossing 0-1 increasing to 3-6 spiral grooves.
Entire last whorl with weak axially striate spiral grooves separating distinct
ribs at base, narrow ribbons below shoulder and wider ribbons inbetween.
Ground colour white, usually suffused with grey. Last whorl with spiral rows of
yellowish brown to dark brown dots, spots and bars fusing into 2-4 spiral
bands, below shoulder, at base and on both sides of centre; the central bands
are most consistently present. Some shells have pronounced spiral rows of brown
dots and dashes from base to shoulder; some rows with distinct white
articulations. Shoulder usually with a row of widely spaced reddish brown dots.
Largely white shells with sparse ornamentation on last whorl intergrade with
heavily maculated shells. Larval whorls usually beige to light brown.
Postnuclear sutural ramps with yellowish brown to dark brown radial markings,
sometimes producing regularly spaced dark dots at outer margin. Aperture
translucent or white.
Shell Morphometry
L 23-40 mm
RW 0.03-0.08 g/mm
(L 23-36 mm)
RD 0.45-0.59
PMD 0.86-0.96
RSH 0.14-0.28
Discussion:-C. saecularis is
most similar to the larger C. comatosa
(to 50 mm), and small individuals of the two species from Philippines are
difficult to distinguish. C. comatosa
has a rather pyriform last whorl with a mostly more convex outline adapically;
the position of the maximum diameter is generally located closer to the base
(PMD 0.78-0.88), and the left side is concave only basally. Its last whorl
pattern has usually 4 spiral colour bands, its ground colour is white rather
than shaded with grey, and its larval shell is broader (1.1 mm) and white
rather than beige to light brown.
C. saecularis may be similar to C. insculptus in shell morphometry but
can be distinguished by the outline of its last whorl that is straight rather
than convex at the right side and concave rather than sigmoid at the left side;
the last whorl is rather uniformly coloured in C. insculptus, while it has spiral rows of dots, spots and bars
fusing into 2-4 spiral bands in C.
saecularis.
----------
Conus sagarinoi Fenzan, 2005
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in ANSP Bill Fenzan
Published in: La Conchiglia xxxvi, no.
311, p. 15
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Aliguay Island, Phillipines
Type Data: Holotype in ANSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 26 x 13 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus terryni
Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
sagarinoi
----------
Conus sagei Korn, W. & G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1993
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula
Picture: Manuel
Tenorio
Published in: La Conchiglia xxv, no. 268, p. 37, f. 5a-5c, pl. 1, f. 7-8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Gulf of Aden off Northern Somalia.
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 8.7 x 4.6 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Lilliconus Species:-sagei
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Somalia
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Shell very small, turbinate and light. Last whorl usually
broadly conical; outline slightly convex adapically, straight right side and
slightly concave left side below. Shoulder angulate, smooth to unndulate.
Subshoulder costae absent. Spire high slightly stepped; outline straight to
slightly concave. Protoconch of 2 whorls. Specimens of about 9mm with 6
teleoconch whorls Spiral whorls smooth becoming concave with 1-2 waek grooves.
Last whorl with spiral ribs on basal third; Early spire whorls brown becoming
white with brown flecks on outer margin. Last whorl white with two broad orange
brown bands. Midbody area somtimes with white band ornamented with reddish
dashes. Some specimens with lines of white brown dashes around whorl.
Discussion:-C. sagei is separated from other small
cones by its broad, flat to concave spire tops
----------
Conus saharicus
Petuch & Berschauer
2016
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in LACM
David Berschauer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Festivus, Vol. 48, Issue 2, p.
93-99, fig. 2
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Dahkla (formerly Villa Cisneros), western side of Dahkla
Bay, Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara), western coast of Sahara Desert,
northwestern Africa
Type Data: Holotype in LACM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 27.4 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lautoconus Species:-saharicus
Synonyms:
Geographic Range:- W. Sahara
Habitat:- Quiet, sheltered intertidal areas in Dahkla Bay,
under large slabs of sandstone along the shoreline
Description:-Source Original
Description
Shell of average size for genus, stocky, inflated, bulbous, only slightly
glossy, with matte finish; shoulder broad, rounded, only slightly angled; spire
low, broadly pyramidal; body whorl smooth and silky, with 20-24 very fine, low,
closely-packed spiral threads around anterior end; body whorl base color dark
sky blue or deep bluish-green, overlaid with numerous large, dark brown
amorphous flammules, generally evenly-spaced and arranged in zebra-like
pattern; brown flammules often composed of 3 sections, being broader and wider
along edge of the shoulder, around midbody, and around anterior end, creating
effect of 3 broken spiral bands of flammules; spire whorls base color dark sky blue, heavily marked with thick,
evenly-spaced dark brown crescent-shaped flammules, producing distinctive
checkered appearance; aperture proportionally wide and flaring, colored deep
purple-brown on interior; inner edge of lip colored pale yellow white;
purple-brown interior marked with single narrow white band just anterior of
mid-body line; periostracum thin, pale yellow, transparent.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus sahlbergi da Motta & Harland, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in AMNH Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 6, p. 19, f. 8-11
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Bimini, Bahamas; 3-10 m
Type Data: Holotype in AMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 15. 5x 8.7 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Purpuriconus Species:-sahlbergi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bahamas
Habitat:-Found at depths of 3 -12 m
Description:-Source original description
Shell small with depressed conic spire and roseate protoconch; whorls tops
smooth except for last two being concave with arcuate striae. Sutures are
shallow channels. Body whorl is smooth and glossy with an angulate sharply
keeled shoulder; sides are flat then tapering with 6 basal sulci. Colour is
polymorphic ranging form plain orange or yellow to white, purple and greenish
tan and spire tinted in same colour. There is pale middle spiral band of
interconnected blotches; the spire of white specimens is somewhat mottled
brown. Aperture coloured internally same as body whorl.
Discussion:
----------
Conus sakalava Monnier
& Tenorio, 2017
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN
Monnier & Tenorio
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 17, p. 33-34;
Pl. 1
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Baie Narendry, North-West Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29.9 x 14.3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-sakalava
Synonyms:-
Geographic Range:-North-West Madagascar, in the Mozambique Channel
between West of Nosy Bé and Baie Mahajamba
Habitat:-at depths ranging from 46 to 680 m (46 to 54 for live collected
specimens)
Description:-
Shell moderately small, conical in
profile. Protoconch is rather small and paucispiral of 2 whorls. the shell has
about 13 whorls; five early postnuclear whorls tuberculate, late teleoconch
whorls smooth. Spire of concave profile. Apex of the spire pinkish in color.
Teleoconch whorls flat with numerous radial threads and very weak spiral
striae. Suture deep and narrow. Shoulder sharply angulate with dark brown
square dots. Last whorl sides straight or slightly concave. Basal area with 6
to 7 closely-spaced spiral ribs. Aperture narrow and of uniform width. The
pattern of the last whorl consist in intermittent irregularly spaced brown
spiral lines, axial brown blotches and streaks and on an ivory white
background. A lighter faint spiral band is present in the middle of the last
whorl
----------
Conus salletae
Cossignani, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published
in: Malacologia
82, p. 25 - 26
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Espingueira, Boa Vista, Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 15,5 x 9,3 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-salletae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- The specimens studied were found to be 0.5 to 2 meters
deep, on rocks
Description:-Source: Original description Malacologia
Shell pyriform small ( 14 to 24 mm ) spire low profile with barely concave
shape; protoconch almost flat, sutures slightly cut; aperture wider than
species of the same genus and that starts from the shoulder without step
evident, with internal staining blue-violet with darker medial band. 8 grooves
spirally run anteriorly around whorl. The coloring of the shell is plain mostly
brown to dark brown (lighter in young specimens ) with a lighter median band.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus salreiensis Rolán, 1980
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Boll. Malacol. xvi, no. 3-4, p. 84, . pl. 2, f. 1, pl. 3,
f. 3 & 6
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Sal-Rei, Boavista Is., Cape Verde Is.; 1-2 m
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20.1 x 11.9 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of crotchii Reeve, 1849; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-salreiensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Boavista, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:-It is found on the rocks in depth of one or two meters being
almost always covered with small rocks and on the algae, and rarely buried.
Description:-Source Original description from the Spanish
Seashell obconical, moderately solid, with silhouette of almost straight edges,
shoulder rounded, spire low and somewhat concave, with sharp apex; suture
slightly marked. The spire whorls present constantly three spiral striae to
each suture. Some low spiral ribs near the anterior tip.
The color and pattern are quite characteristic and constant: a dark brown zone
that is situated in the anterior third of the seashell; another of the same
color in the posterior near the shoulder, and of the same color on the spire
whorls; between both zones a lighter part, at times crossed by one (or two)
brown bands more or less marked; this clear axial zone, is of constant form in
all the specimens crossed by numerous fine wavy lines and clearly visible with
magnification. The variations of color depend on the brown bands that vary from
almost nonexistent, becoming very marked. In the small specimens, the absence
of bands in the central zone of the seashell, is frequent.
The interior is generally light, revealing sometimes the underlying lilac or
violet color; columela always black.
The larger specimens are found covered with calcareous concretions , on the
other hand the juveniles show perfectly the pattern under the periostracum.
Discussion:
Abalde
et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology
(2017) 17:231
Phylogenetic
relationships of cone shells endemic to Cabo Verde based on mitochondrial
genomes
New species proposed: Africonus
crotchii Reeve, 1849
----------
Conus salzmanni Raybaudi G. (Massilia) & Rolán, 1997
Pictures:
Picture Link: Picture Original Description
Published in: Argonauta ix p. 11, f. 1-14, 18, 30, 31, 36-38
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Gulf of Aden; 50-150 m
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 33 x 15.5 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-salzmanni
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Djibouti, Little Aden and Somalia
Habitat:-Found at depths to 150 m
Description:-Original description.
Shell: Moderately small to medium sized (up to 39 mm in length). Moderately
solid. Last whorl conical, sides slightly convex adapically, then straight.
Shoulder angulate. Spire moderately low (Relative spire height 0.11-0.15),
outline straight or very slightly concave. Protoconch smooth, with 1.75 to 2
whorls, counted from the origin, maximum diameter 0. 6 -0.7 mm. Postnuclear
whorls smooth, 9-10 in the holotype. Teleoconch sutural ramps straight, with
about 3 to 5 shallow subsutural spiral grooves. Last whorl smooth at adapical
half, with evenly spaced, weak spiral ribs in adults, and with more pronounced
spiral ribs extending onto subshoulder in subadults, to shoulder area in
juveniles. Aperture narrow, of uniform width.
Ground colour white, beige or bluish grey. Last whorl with spiral rows of light
brown dots and bars evenly. distributed from shoulder to base. Bars in adjacent
rows above the centre may coalesce into irregular blotches. Spire stained with
scattered radial brown spots. Larval shell brownish grey. Aperture white to
dark brown or purplish brown within a lighter collabral edge. Periostracum
brownish, thin, translucent, and smooth. Operculum small.
Discussion:-C. salzmanni has
since been misinterpreted as a local form of C. inscriptus from Aden (E. A. Smith. 1891. However, C. inscriptus and its Eastem African
subspecies C. inscriptus adenensis,
which occurs sympatrically with C.
salzmanni, both have a multispiral, ('up to 3 whorls in shells from
Mozambique.. Rockel et al. 1995), wider (maximum diameter about 0.9 mm) and
generally a white larval shell. and weakly to distinctly tuberculate early 2-4
postnuclear whorls.
C. i. inscriptus from central Indian
localities attains shell length almost double than C. salzmanni, tends to have broader, more ventricose last whorl
(Relative diameter up to 0.68) and a concave to sigmoid spire outline.
Sympatrical shells of C. inscriptus
adenensis also have a higher (Relative spire height: 013 -0.23, vs. 0. 15-
0.16) and more concave spire. a heavier spiral sculpture of ribs and ribbons on
their last whor1s and often a very deep pink inner aperture.
----------
Conus samiae da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 1, p. 12, f. 11
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Balut Is., Mindanao, Philippines; ca. 200 m
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 57.5 x 34 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
sulcatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-sulcatus
samiae forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines and Solomon Is.
Habitat:-Reported in depths of 20 to 240 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae C. sulcatus
Form samiae with rows of brown spots
on spiral elevations of last whorl, fusing or concentrating into 2-3 spiral
bands. Larval whorls and adjacent postnucelar sutural ramps immaculate,
following sutural ramps maculated with brown radial markings, ranging from
mainly brown to mainly white. Aperture white.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sanctaemarthae Vink, 1977
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in RNHL Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Zool. Meded. (Leiden), ii, no.
5, p. 91, pl. 1,
f. 5, pl. 4, f. 4-6
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Ten km. north of Santa Marta, Colombia.
Type Data: Holotype in RNHL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 53 x 29.2 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus mappa [Lightfoot], 1786 or Conus granarius
Kiener, 1845
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE
SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Seminoleconus Species:-mappa sanctaemarthae forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
----------
Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN
Mike Filmer
Published in: Bijdr. Dierkd. xlix, no. 2,
p. 255, f. 1-6, 10
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off St. James, West Barbados; 155-180 m
Type Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.1 x 11.2 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-sanderi
Synonyms:- hunti Wils &
Moolenbeek, 1979; knudseni Sander,
1982; sorenseni Sander, 1982; and
according to Filmer: carioca Petuch,
1986; perprotractus Petuch, 1987
Geographic Range:-Barbados
Habitat:-Dredged from sand and shell gravel- rubble bottoms at depths of
45 to 180 m.
Description:-Source Vink
A slender shell, 20 to 35 mm (50 mm in Brazilian specimens near the southern
limit of the range), with low to moderate, sharply pointed, concave spire and
rather straight sides of the body whorl. Shoulder angulate, body whorl smooth
except for spiral ridges near the base, which in some specimens may cover the
whole body whorl. Tops of the whorls with 4 to 5 spiral striae, sometimes
obscured by fine concave growth lines. Nucleus: 2 1/2 whorls; axial sculpture
on the sides of the first 2 to 4 postnuclear whorls; sculpture often not
apparent because of erosion, but first 3 postnuclear whorls always with high
sides, the shoulder distinctly overhanging the suture of the next whorl. Colour
and pattern highly variable.
Discussion:-
C.
hunti was described in same paper as C. sanderi and Wils stated differences as:-C. hunti is purplish and has
spiral grooves over whole body of last whorl while sanderi is yellowish orange with grooves only on basal area.
C.
sorensi is a large white form from Barbados.
C.
knudseni is a white form with straight sides and very pale orange
broad bands from Barbados.
----------
Conus sandwichensis Walls, 1978
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in DMNH Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Pariah no. 2, p. 3, pl. (on p. 7)
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Pokai Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
Type Data: Holotype in DMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 14.4 x 7 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus
suturatus Reeve, 1844 or a valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Tesselliconus Species:- sandwichensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Hawaii
Habitat:-Found under reefs to 150 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. suturatus
C. s. sandwichensis differs in its
less solid shell with a strictly conical, narrower and more straight-sided last
whorl and a moderately high, stepped spire. Subadults from Hawaii have more
pronounced sculpture on the last whorl, with spiral grooves extending to
shoulder; intervening ribs usually with minute granules
Source Walls
C. s. sandwichensis matches C. s. suturatus in pattern, except for
mostly darker spiral bands on last whorl, a pale orange-brown base, and a
usually maculated spire.
C.
suturatus suturatus body whorl usually ovate or ovately conical, the
sides convex; spire low/flat pattern of two three spiral bands of pale tan to
dark pink tan on white or pink lacking reddish or orange rectangles on top of
bands; opaque white spots seldom developed; Indo west Pacific;
C. suturatus sandwichensis Body whorl
low conical, narrow, the sides straight; spire tall with straight/concave
sides; pattern of two broad spiral bands of pale tan to pinkish tan on
white;juveniles and many adults with numerous rectangles of brown or orange
over the bands or entire shell; spots of opaque white in juveniles;sometimes
weakly granulose;
Hawaiian Islands;
Raised to the status of a valid
species by Chaney, Tucker & Tenorio in Shells of the Hawaiian Islands – The
Sea Shells.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sanguinolentus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Quoy
& Gaimard (1834, pl. 53, fig. 18)
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Voy. Astrolabe. Zool.. iii, vol.
iii, p. 99, pl. 53,
f. 18
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Carteret, New Guinea
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Quoy &
Gaimard (1834, Pl. 53 fig. 18)
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Virgiconus Species:-sanguinolentus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Entire Indo-Pacific; absent from Hawaii and Central
Indian Ocean.
Habitat:-Usually in 0.5 to 3 m on sand and reef rock under coral boulders.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to moderately large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl
conical to slightly pyriform, consistently conical in shells from Marquesas and
Tahiti; outline variably convex at adapical third or half, straight to faintly
concave below. Shoulder angulate, faintly to strongly tuberculate. Spire of low
to moderate height, outline straight to slightly concave. Postnuclear spire
whorls strongly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps almost flat, with 1
increasing to 3-5 spiral grooves. Last whorl with variably granulose spiral
ribs on basal half, sometimes to subshoulder area.
Last whorl olive to orange brown, except for whitish granules on spiral ribs.
Some specimens with a slightly lighter central spiral band. Often evenly spaced
brown spiral lines from base to subshoulder area, abapically following
granulated spiral ribs. Base and basal part of columella purplish brown. Apex
yellowish white to bright orange. Late postnuclear sutural ramps matching
colouration of last whorl except for nearly white tubercles. Aperture bright
bluish violet behind a bright orange-brown marginal zone; whitish violet deeper
within.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-65 mm
RW 0.18-0.70 g/mm
(L 30-60 mm)
RD 0.60-0.71
PMD 0.82-0.95
RSH 0.06-0.16
Discussion:-C. sanguinolentus
is very similar to C. lividus, and
the relationship of the two taxa are not fully resolved. Cernohorsky (1964)
redescribed C. sanguinolentus; the
name clearly applies to the species described here. C. lividus differs in its somewhat larger maximum size, strictly
conical last whorl and in its immaculate later sutural ramps. The pale central
band on the last whorl and within the aperture characteristic of C. lividus is faint or totally absent in
C. sanguinolentus (see Marsh, 1971).
In areas where both species occur sympatrically, they are either clearly
separable by the colouration of the animal (N. Papua New Guinea; Fiji; Kenya,
fide Cernohorsky, 1964) or identical in this character (Red Sea; Queensland).
Across their entire ranges, the colour pattern of the animal is not a reliable
character for distinguishing the two species. Conchological intergrades between
C. lividus and C. sanguinolentus have not been found where both co-occur, and in
such situations they occupy slightly different microhabitats (Kohn, unpubl.
observ.). RKK thus regard these taxa as distinct species.
The conchological differences between C.
sanguinolentus and the violet-coloured variant from the Marquesas and
Tahiti are too slight to justify a separation on the species level. This form
is sometimes erroneously referred to as C.
unicolor Sowerby (a nomen dubium). RKK assign it as a form of C. sanguinolentus rather than of C. lividus, because of the rare presence
of a pale central band on the last whorl and the consistent presence of dark
markings between the shoulder tubercles. DNA studies showed that we deal with a
valid species. Description is in preparation (Pers. Comm.)
----------
Conus santaluziensis
Cossignani
& Fiadeiro, 2015
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima
Picture
Link: Paratype
Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia 88, p. 4 - 5
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Baia do Agua Doce, Santa Luzia I., Cape Verde Is.; 2-6 m
Type Data: Holotype in MMM
Type Size: 21.6 x 12.9 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid name
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-santaluziensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Santa Luzia, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:- 2 – 6 m, algae on rocks
Description:-Source Original description
Shell of small dimensions (15 to 36 mm), pyriform with medium high spire and
convex profile. The tops of whorls have weak spiral striae and are usually
stepped near to apex. The whorl is moderately convex in the adapical area and
has a homogenous fawn colour with sparse white pattern of arrows pointing
right. Fine spiral striae cover whorl and are deeper in basal area where colour
is darker. Aperture wide with marbled white colour inside.
Discussion:
----------
Conus santanaensis
Afonso & Tenorio, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCN Manuel Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 49 &
50, Fig. 2, pl. 1
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Praia Gonçalo located on the Northeast coast of Maio
Island, Cape Verde Archipelago, West Africa.
Type Data: Holotype in MNCN, deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 17,1 x 8,8 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-santanaensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Only known from the type locality
Habitat:- It is usually found beneath
rocks in small groups of 2 to 6 individuals partially buried in clean, white
sand. Although specimens have been found between 1.5 and 4 metres, the
possibility that the new species might occur at greater depths cannot be ruled
out.
Description:-Source: Original description Xenophora Taxonomy
Shell small, with a ventricosely conical, bullet-shaped form. Spire
moderate to high,
slightly
stepped, with a straight profile. Protoconch not observed due to erosion.
Sutural
ramps slightly convex, with 3 to 5 spiral cords becoming obsolete in later
whorls.
Shoulder
rounded, indistinct. Body whorl smooth except for 6-7 spiral grooves on the
anterior
portion. The ground colour of the shell ranges from dark green or olive-green
to
greenish grey. The middle of the body whorl has a creamy-white spiral band. A
narrower,
less evident reddish-brown spiral band is present around the shoulder. Small
white
dashes and flecks are variably distributed on the body whorl and spire, mainly
concentrated on mid portion and often overlaid on the central band. Tiny
reddish-brown markings may be also present in-between the white blotch pattern.
In some specimens thin reddish-brown axial lines may cover most of the last
whorl. The spire has the same colour as the body whorl and is patterned by
well-spaced white blotches. The aperture widens from the mid portion to the
base. Aperture colour is dark reddish-brown to purple brown with two light
cream bands; a wide one located just below the midsection, and a narrower one close
to the upper part of aperture near the shoulder area. Outer lip is
yellow-brown. Periostracum is thin, translucent, light yellow in colour. Shells
of this new species are usually well preserved, showing few scars and
eventually fine calcareous Bryozoan incrustations around the early whorls.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus santinii Monnier & Limpalaër, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype
in MNHN Eric Monnier
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten Paratype 22
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 15 – 23,
fig. on p. 16, Pl. on p. 20 - 22
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Dollar Bay, Naviti Island, Yasawa Group. Fiji Archipelago
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 28.61 x 13,94
mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-santinii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Fiji
Habitat:-Collected in 15 to 20 m depth
Description:- Original description
The shell is conical in overall
shape. The protoconch and the first teleoconch whorls are pointed. The spire is
concave in the first whorls and become progressively straighter. Protoconch is
small, rounded, white and smooth. The whorls are stepped and have an undulate
periphery with 9 to 13 irregular rounded knobs. On the last whorl. They are
sculptured with three to four spiral grooves on the undulate sutural ramps. The
adult shell has 11 to 12 whorls. The anal notch is moderately deep and V
shaped.
The last whorl is conical with
straight to slightly convex sides. The surface shows a porcellaneous gloss. The
aperture is long, straight and does not widen anteriorly. The last whorl is
sculptured with 8 to 10 spiral grooves that are deeper near the base and
progressively become obsolete towards one third of the height of the last
whorl.
The ground color of the shell is
ivory white. The pattern is made of brown to chocolate-brown irregular blotches
with intricate pattern all around the last whorl that may connect to form axial
flames. The blotches are less conspicuous at the middle of the last whorl.
Moreover, the last whorl can have between 18 to 30 hairlines composed of
irregularly scattered very thin orang brown dashes. The dashes never contain
paler spots but are separated by interspaces whiter than the ground color. The
spire is white to pale grey color with irregular dark brown spots situated
between some knobs. The interior of the aperture is pure white.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus saragasae Rolán, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCM Manolo Tenorio
Picture Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel
Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 6, Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 6, p.
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Bahia de Saragasa, Punta Saragasa, Costa Este de la Isla
de San Vicente; 2 m
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.8 x 12.4 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-saragasae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cape Verde
Habitat:-Found about 2 meters under stones
Description:-Source Original paper 1986 from the Spanish, Extract
The seashell is conical, with slightly raised spire and somewhat stepped,
shoulder well marked and color between yellow and light brown. The pattern is
formed by three bands each with reticular pattern with small white areas that
alternate with the other two colors, and with color bands that are almost
smooth and that generally are smaller in the larger specimens and are situated
a near the base and another in the upper half of the last return. Above the
shoulder, the spire has alternating brown and white areas. Grooves little
marked in the base. In the interior two zones of brown color are suggested,
separated by a white zone. There is no sexual dimorphism. The nucleus and the
first whorls of the protoconch are white. The periostracum is yellow, fine and
transparent. The operculum is small, oval and somewhat extended. The animal is
of pink color somewhat dark; with magnification are appreciated irregularities
in form of grayish spots to both sides of the body and on the sole.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus sargenti Petuch, 2013
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in FMNH D. Sargent
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western
Atlantic Mollusks; p. 224-225; p. 104, fig. 7.6, G
Ocean geography: Western Atlantic
Type Locality: 20 km southeast of Roatan
Island, Bay Islands, Honduras
Type Data: Holotype in FMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21.7 x 10.75 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily: -CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-sargenti
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Honduras
Habitat:-Trawled from 30 m depth
Description:-Source Original Description
Shiny and polished shell,
subfusiform, with rounded convex sides; shoulder sharply angled, edged with
large, prominent rounded carina; spire elevated, subpyramidal, distinctly
stepped; subsutural area and spire whorls depressed, shallowly canaliculated;
posterior half of body whorl smooth and shiny, with few faint inscribed spiral
threads; anterior half of body whorl heavily sculptured with 10 prominent,
deeply-incised spiral sulci, becoming deeper and more prominent toward anterior
tip; shell uniformly pale cream-white with few widely-scattered very pale
yellow amorphous flammules on body whorl; carina of spire whorls sometimes
marked with widely-separated tiny pale tan dots; protoconch proportionally
large, composed of two and one-half whorls, pale yellow-tan in color; early
whorls pale yellow-tan; aperturte uniformly narrow, widening slightly at
anterior end; interior of aperture cream-white in color.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus sartii Korn, Niederhöfer & Blöcher, 2002
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Bill Fenzan
Published in: La Conchiglia xxxiii, no.
301, p. 32, f. 1-3
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Tulear, Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 25 x 11 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species or a juvenile of Conus janus
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Conus Species:-sartii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-Found at depths of 100 m
Description:-Source original description La Conchiglia
Shell morphometry: sculpture and
color of teleoconch
L (Shell Length) 25 - 26.6 mm (moderately small)
I,W (Relative Weight ) 0.06 - 0.07 g/mm (moderately light)
RD (Relative Diameter) 059 - 0.62
PMD (Position of Maximum Diameter) 079 - 083
RSH (Relative Spire Height) 0.23 - 0.27 (high)
Shape of last whorl ventricosely conical; Outline of last whorl convex
adapically, straight (right side) or concave (left side) below. Shape of
shoulder carinate to angulate.Sculpture of shoulder smooth. Spire outline
slightly concave, stepped. Exhalent notch moderately deep.Outline of teleoconch
sutural ramps flat.Suture deep and wide, with distinct granulose subsutural
ridge.Sculpture of teleoconch sutural ramps early postnuclear whorls smooth;
late sutural ramps with weak arcuate axial striae and 3-4 spiral grooves
separated by finely granulose ribs. Outer quarter of the ramps (area between
last spiral groove and outer margin) without spiral sculpturing.Sculpture of
last whorl strong spiral ribbons separated by narrow to occasionally broad
grooves from base to shoulder; grooves axially striate.
Color pattern of last whorl ground color white. Brown maculae fusing into
rectangular spots and axial streaks or flames; with a brown spiral band on each
side of center and a narrower brown subsboulder barrel. Brown axial markings
interrupting white shoulder zone. Aperture translucent.Color of teleoconch
spire early postnuclear whorls light brown, later whorls variably maculated
with white and light brown
Morphometry and color of protoconch
Number of larval whorls: 3.0 (multispiral)
Maximum diameter: 0.65 mm
Color: white grading into light brown
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus saundersi Cotton, 1945
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in SAMA Mike Filmer
Published
in: Rec. S. Austral. Mus. 8, p. 264,
pl. 4, f. 8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Edithburgh, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia
Type Data: Holotype in SAMA deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 57 x 32 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
anemone Lamarck, 1810
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Floraconus Species:-anemone saundersi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-S. Australia
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original Description
Shell pyriform, rather wide,spire short,sharp with concave sides; body whorl
and spire covered with regular spiral striae; body whorl sharply angled at
shoulder, the top of the spire whorls forming flat surface;outer lip convex,
aperture quite wide widening anteriorly. Anterior base of body whorl strongly
spirally lirate. Colour pattern of reddish brown axial flammules forming
arrowhead shapes at their margins. Ground colour cream; aperture violet within.
Discussion:-RKK assign as form of C.
anemone.
----------
Conus sauros Garcia, 2006
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in HMNS Bill Fenzan
Published in: Novapex 7 (2-3), 71-76
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: off Port Aransa, Texas, USA
Type Data: Holotype in HMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29.5 x 10.6 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species, possibly a fossil
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:Dalliconus? Species:-sauros
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Texas, Gulf of Mexico
Habitat:-Found at depths of 28-150 m
Description:-Source Original description
Holotype 29.5 mm length, light in weight, conically elongated (width/ length
ratio 0.36) . Protoconch missing. Teleoconch of 8 whorls; whorls shouldered,
carinated; carina on early whorls almost central, progressing anteriorly on
later whorls. Suture deep . Axial sculpture of numerous arched thread on
shoulder, evanescing at carina, weakly appearing again anterior to carina; last
whorl with numerous, relatively wide, low, flat axial threads ; threads
becoming weaker and narrower when crossing spiral cords. Spiral sculpture of
two to four strong threads posterior to carina, creating reticulations at
shoulder when crossing over axial elements; threads followed by a heavy,
nodulose, otherwise smooth cord and one or two undulating threads anterior to
carina; last whorl with strong, flat, evenly distributed spiral cords; cords as
wide as interspaces, minutely wrinkled by axial threads. Color light cream.
Discussion:- Pers. Comment
Ed Petuch: A late Pleistocene fossil; a composite species because Paratype 7 is
a specimen of Conus armiger Crosse,
1858.
----------
Conus sazanka Shikama, 1970
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in KPMY Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula
Picture: Manuel
Tenorio
Published in: Sci. Rep. Yokohama Nat'l. Univ.
sect. II, no. 16, p. 25, pl. , f. 24 & 25
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: S. W. Kochi Pref., Japan
Type Data: Holotype in KPMY
deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 38.7 x 21.4 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-sazanka
Synonyms:- yoshioi Azuma, 1973; kurzi Petuch, 1974
Geographic Range:-Japan, Philippines, E. Indonesia, New Caledonia,
Hawaii, South Africa, Reunion, Madagascar, and Somalia
Habitat:-Reported from depths between 50 and 200 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid. Last
whorl conical; outline almost straight to moderately convex with a constriction
above base. Shoulder subangulate to angulate, undulate to weakly tuberculate.
Spire of low to moderate height, outline concave. Larval shell of about 4.0
whorls, maximum diameter 0.90-0.95 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls undulate.
Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 2 increasing to 4-5 spiral grooves. Last
whorl with a few faint spiral ribs at base.
Colour reddish to brownish orange, occasionally yellow or light violet. Last
whorl usually with a lighter band around centre, frequently interspersed with
white flecks and adapically edged with brownish spots. In Philippine shells,
uniform colouration often replaced by dark and light clouds above centre; white
axial streaks below shoulder and across central band. Larval whorls orangish
pink to faint yellow. Teleoconch sutural ramps variably maculated with darker
yellow, pink or orange axial blotches. Aperture translucent.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-42 mm
RW 0.06-0.18 g/mm
(L 25-38 mm)
RD 0.56-0.64
PMD 0.86-0.93
RSH 0.04-0.18
Discussion:-
Shells of C. sazanka from Japan and
South Africa are very similar to each other and are strikingly uniform in
colour pattern. Philippine specimens are more variable in colouration and
pattern, even at the same locality; differences in shape or sculpture cannot be
observed. Hawaiian shells vary both in colour (yellow to deep orange) and in
sculpture of the last whorl (partly or entirely encircled by granular spiral
lirae). However, colour and sculptural variants appear to co-occur. The colour
pattern variability observed in Hawaii closely matches that known from
Philippines.
C. yoshioi described from Japan is
very similar to the type specimen brick red in colour with a few midbody white
blotches.
----------
Conus scabriusculus Dillwyn, 1817
Pictures:
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype
Chemnitz (1795, pl. 182, figs. 1768, 1769)
Published in: Descr. Cat. Rec. Shells I, p. 406
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None; Sierre Leone, (West Africa), (Chemnitz).
(erroneous).
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Chemnitz
(1795, pl. 182 figs. 1768, 1769)
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus coffeae
Gmelin, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name scabriusculus
----------
Conus scalaris Valenciennes, 1832
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN MNHN
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Humboldt & Bonpland's Voy.
Inter. Amerique-Recueil ii, p. 338
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Acapulco, Mexico
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 23.3 x 9.6 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-scalaris
Synonyms:- helenae Schwengel, 1955
Geographic Range:-Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur to mid-Golfo de
California, Mexico; South to Colombia
Habitat:-Offshore
Description:-Source Extract Iconography
Normal length is between 30 and 50 mm. Shell shape seems to not vary much. The
body whorl is narrowly elongated in shape. The spire is elevated and slightly
scalariform, conical to slightly concave in profile. Sutural ramps are flat in
cross section. The shoulders are angular and carinate. Sides are flat. Cords
are absent. Nodules are present only in the earliest whorls and these are
actually flutes along the shoulder angle rather than well-marked hemispherical
nodules. They become absent in early middle whorls. The protoconch is
paucispiral of 2 whorls. Color pattern is variable. It consists of brown or tan
over a white ground color. These brown markings are variable in pattern. Most
commonly, they are in two bands. The bands are separated from each other at the
midbody area. However, this midbody area may have brown longitudinal markings
that interconnect the bands. Where the bands are lighter, spiral lines of darker
colored markings may be present. The lines are interrupted. The color markings
on the body whorl are all the same color shade. The anterior end is white. The
interior of the aperture is white. The spire is often marked by crescent -
shaped brown blotches. Most of the area of the spire is colored. The area along
the shoulder angle on the whorl tops are a darker shade of brown or tan than
the shade on the remainder of the spire and body whorl. The anal notch is deep.
There is no anterior notch. The body whorl is usually smooth except for a few
sulci near the anterior end.
Discussion:-This is the eastern Pacific species usually circulated among
dealers and collectors as Conus castaneus.
----------
Conus scalarispira Bozzetti, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Paris Luigi Bozzetti
Published in: Malacologia 76, p. 3, figs.
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Lavanono, Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype deposited
MNHN Paris
Type Size: 9,30 x 4.95 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy:
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONOLITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONOLITHINAE
Genus:-Pseudoliliconus Species:-lscalarispira
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-
Habitat:-Tidal grit
Description:-Original description
Profile ventricosely conical, shoulder subangulate, body whorl convex on right
side, slightly sigmoid on left side; protoconch broken; body whorl sides smooth
with the exeption of 7-8 spiral basal grooves. Body whorl background color
pink, deeper on the protoconch and early teleoconch whorls, one greyish spiral
band on the wall posterior half, shoulder stained with a lighter shade of pink.
Inside aperture brown, inner edge of outer lip pink.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus scalarissimus da Motta, 1988
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype C.
gradatus Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 11, p. 47
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Salango. Is., Ecuador (C. gradatus Reeve, 1843)
Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued (C. gradatus)
Type Size: 81 x 35 mm
Nomenclature: an Available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. gradatus Reeve, 1843.
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-scalarissimus
Synonyms:- gradatus Reeve,
1843
Geographic Range:-Gulf of California to Ecuador
Habitat:-Dredged at 20-200 m.
Description:-Source Extract Iconography.
This is a medium-sized to moderately large species
Normal size ranges between 30 and 60 nm. Shell shape is variable. The species
is narrowly elongated conical in shape. The spire is elevated and scalariform,
concave in profile. Sutural ramps are at least slightly concave in cross
section. The shoulders are angular. Sides are flat except for the shoulder
region where they are slightly convex; Cords are absent. Nodules are present
only in the earliest whorls and these are actually flutes along the shoulder
angle rather than well-marked hemispherical nodules. They become absent in
early middle whorls. The protoconch is paucispiral. Color pattern is variable
but rather simple. It consists of various shades of brown over a white ground
color. The brown coloration primarily occurs in two zones. One extends from
just anterior to the shoulder angle to midbody and the other starts anterior to
the midbody region and extends just posterior to the anterior end. These brown
markings are exceedingly variable in pattern and color shade. When extensively
developed, the bands are solidly brown to tan. Over these brown areas spiral
lines of darker colored markings are present. The lines may be interrupted but
they are always fairly thick along the longitudinal axis. At the minimum the
brown coloration is reduced to these lines alone with no brown bands or other
longitudinal markings. Between these extremes, many specimens have the brown bands
reduced to longitudinally elongated blotches. These blotches are usually
interrupted at midbody. The anterior end is white. The interior of the aperture
is white. The spire is often marked by crescent-shaped brown blotches. These
are the same color shade as the markings on the body whorl. The anal notch is
deep. There is no anterior notch. The body whorl is. usually smooth except for
a few sulci near the anterior end.
Discussion:-G. scalarissimus is a species with a
long thin body but with an elevated scalariform spire that is concave in
profile. In contrast, G. regularis
has a short conical body and a low non-scalariform spire and has a brown
colored interior of the aperture. G.
monilifer is a short bodied, carinate and long spired species
----------
Conus scalptus Reeve, 1843
Pictures:
Picture Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Conch. Icon.. I, Conus, pl. 37, sp. 203
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known.
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 27 x 14 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-scalptus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-S. Philippines - Papua New Guinea
Habitat:-Shallow water to 20 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Small to moderately small, light to moderately light. Last whorl ventricosely
conical, outline convex, less so abapically. Aperture somewhat wider at base
than near shoulder. Shoulder subangulate to rounded. Spire of moderate height,
outline concave to sigmoid. Larval shell probably of about 2 whorls, maximum diameter
0.7-0.8 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly convex, with 1- 2
increasing to 3-4 spiral grooves. Last whorl with spiral grooves on basal third
to half; ribbons grading to ribs anteriorly and weak in large specimens.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with rather closely spaced, yellow or reddish
brown, interrupted and continuous spiral lines from base almost to shoulder and
with sparse scattered small markings of the same colour. Spiral pattern
underlain by pale tan or orangish brown spiral bands on adapical half and
within basal third. Larval whorls grey. Later sutural ramps with yellow to
reddish brown radial streaks or blotches. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 22-28 mm
RW 0.05-0.09 g/mm
RD 0.54-0.64
PMD 0.76-0.85
RSH 0.12-0.18
Discussion:-In the past, C.
scalptus has been confused with similarly patterned C. mucronatus. C. scalptus
is a smaller species (to 28 mm), its shoulder is subangulate to rounded, the
spiral lines on its last whorl are finer and often dashed, and its early
postnuclear whorls are not tuberculate. C.
scalptus is also similar and may be closely related to C. subulatus, C. broderipii, and C. sertacinctus. C. broderipii has a larger shell, its aperture is
not white, its spire is lower; its colour pattern includes 3 pronounced spiral
bands of rather large markings absent in C.
scalptus. C. subulatus has a narrower last whorl (RD 0.51-0.54) and an
interrupted band of larger brown markings but lacks continuous brown spiral
lines.
----------
Conus scariphus Dall, 1910
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Published in: Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxxviii, p.
225, 66 f.
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Off Cocos Is., Panama
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 41 x 20.5 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Kohniconus Species:-scariphus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cocos Islands
Habitat:-Reported at depths of 60 fathoms
Description:-Source Extract Iconography
This is a medium sized species. Normal size is between 35 and 50 mm. The body
whorl is elongated conical in shape. The spire is elevated and slightly
scalariform, conical to slightly convex in profile. Sutural ramps are concave
in cross section. The shoulders are angular. Sides are concave. Cords are
absent. Nodules are present on the first five whorls but then disappear. Color
pattern is variable but rather simple. Excluding the white ground color, it
consists of a single element. There are light orange-brown markings that are
extremely variable in expression. These markings cover nearly the entire body
whorl. There remain white areas inside the orange-brown reticulations. The
anterior end is white. The interior of the aperture is white. The spire is
marked by light brown markings. These may cover a significant portion of the
spire whorl tops. They are the same color shade as the markings on the body
whorl. The anal notch is deep. There is no anterior notch. The body whorl is
smooth except for some sulci near the anterior end. The protoconch is
multispiral
Discussion:-This species is most similar to K. emarginatus. It is recognizable due to the generally heavier
development of coloration in K. scariphus.
There are no differences between K.
emarginatus and K. scariphus in
the morphology of the protoconch, early spire nodules, whorl tops, carina,
anterior sulci. However, shell coloration is actually quite distinctive as K. scariphus does standout in a large
series of K. emarginatus, by its more
subtle brown tone, the finer detail of the markings, which produces a soft
tented pattern. The characteristic K.
emarginatus flammules when seen on K.
scariphus are at the anterior end only, whereas those markings on K. emarginatus are boldy contrasted
against the white background coloration throughout the body whorl and up the
spire
----------
Conus schech Weinkauff, 1873
Pictures:
Picture Link: Syntype in ZMB Bill Fenzan ZMB
Published in: Syst. Conch. Cab. 2, Lief.
222, p. 229, pl. 37, 10
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Massawa, Dahlak, Red Sea
Type Data: Syntype in ZMB deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35.5 x 20.5 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus
locumtenens Blumenbach, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name schech
----------
Conus schirrmeisteri Coltro, 2004
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZUSP Bill Fenzan
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Strombus 11, p. 4
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Sulfur Bank, 125 km NE Abrolhos Arch., off Alcobaca,
Bahia State, Brazil (15deg 50' S, 37deg 57' W)
Type Data: Holotype in MZUSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 10 x 6 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-schirrmeisteri
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brasil
Habitat:-Lives on rubble and coral sand bottom at 20-35 meters on
offshore reefs on central Bahia State, Brazil
Description:-Source original description
Length: 8 to 11 mm, solid body with a strong deflection in 1/6 near the
siphonal canal, medium nodulose spire (about 1/6 of total length) with 5-6
whorls, irregular, with a sub-sutural cord. About 10 irregular white or brown
nodules on the shoulder, suture with white and brown cord. Body with 10-13
incised lines covering almost 3/4 of entire body, due the lines the body looks
slighty nodulose. Wide dark red-orange aperture with a fine white margin. Apex
large pink with 3 1/4 whorls. Color body from dark brown to dark red-brown,
irregular white blotches and dots.
Discussion:-This new species resembles C. iansa Petuch, 1979 . The body shape is very similar and the most
important differences are the deflection, more abrupt in C. schirrmeisteri; the incised lines deeper and very pronuncied on
C. schirrmeisteri; and a wide
aperture on C..iansa. The body of C.
iansa is very nodulose, while in C.
schirrmeisteri is almost smooth. Conus
schirrmeisteri lives in a seamountain top, isolated of main land by a
distance of about 130 km and by depths up to 4,000 meters. Conus schirrmeisteri and C.
bodarti seem to be closely related to C.
iansa, but while C .iansa is an
Abrolhos Archipelago species, C.schirrmeisteri
and C. bodarti ranges far north, in a
remote offshore reef.
Tucker suggests that iansa,
bodarti,delucai, schirrmeisteri are a group of synonyms separate from mindanus. According to Petuch C. schirrmeisteri is a synonym of C. iansa.
----------
Conus scitulus Reeve, 1849
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link:
Paul Kersten
Published
in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, Suppl.,
pl. ix, sp. 283
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: Not known.
Type Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 17 x 9 mm figure
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis scitulus forma
Synonyms:- danieli Crosse, 1858
Geographic Range:-South Africa
Habitat:-Intertidal to over 50 m depth
Description:-Source Iconography
Small to medium-sized shell (15-40mm). Looks a lot like C. a. algoensis but usually with a lower spire and a more rounded
shoulder. The ground colour of the shell is white with a bluish shade. The
pattern consists of a broad brown band (occasionally red-brown or even
blood-red) below the shoulder, and many spiral lines of alternating white bars
and brown dots on the last whorl. Axial brown streaks often present in variable
numbers, especially around the basal region. Spire colour and pattern as in C. a. algoensis.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus scopulicola Okutani, 1972
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NSMT Mike Filmer
Published in: Bull. Tokai Reg. Fish. Res. Lab.,
no. 72, p. 98, pl. II,
f. 12
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Hyotanse Bank, Izu-Shichito Is., off Honshu, Japan; 200 m
Type Data: Holotype in NSMT deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 22.2 x 9.1 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Profundiconus Species:-scopulicola
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-SE Honshu, Japan
Habitat:-Found at depths of 200 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Last whorl ventricosely conical; outline convex adapically, less so (right
side) or concave (left side) below. Shoulder rounded to indistinct. Spire high,
outline slightly sigmoid. Larval shell of 2 whorls. First postnuclear whorl
weakly tuberculate. Telcoconch sutural ramps slightly convex, with 3 increasing
to 5 spiral grooves. Last whorl with fine closely spaced spiral ribs.
Ground colour cream. Last whorl with brown axial flames forming 3 variably
continuous spiral bands, below shoulder and on both sides of centre. Adapical
and central ground-colour band with 1-2 spiral rows of brown spots. Larval
whorls and adjacent teleoconch sutural ramp white. Following sutural ramps with
brown radial streaks and blotches, covering nearly the entire ramp in late
whorls. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 17-22 mm
RW - g/mm
RD 0.55-0.58
PMD 0.77-0.80
RSH 0.25-0.28
Discussion:-C. scopulicola is
only provisionally considered a valid species, as it may represent the subadult
stage of a larger member of the species-group represented by C. smirna. C. lani differs in its
narrower, more conical last whorl (RD 0.50-0.55; PMD 0.84-0.89) with straight
outline, and in its more uniform colouration. C. smirna has a less ventricose last whorl and its spire has more
tuberculate whorls (5-6). C. profundorum
has more tuberculate spire whorls (4-7), 3 or more larval whorls, a generally
more distinct shoulder and a spirally orientated last whorl pattern with only
one adapical colour band. C. ikedai
can be distinguished by its generally narrower and less ventricose last whorl
(RD 0.53-0.56; PMD 0.81- 0.84), lower spire (RSH 0.16-0.21), greater number of
tuberculate spire whorls (3), more distinct shoulder, and by the absence of a
brown pattern.
----------
Conus scopulorum Van Mol, Tursch & Kempf, 1971
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in RNHL Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Specimen
from the WJ Fenzan collection 24.6 mm
Picture Link: Specimen from the WJ Fenzan collection 20.6 mm
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Zool. Meded. (Leiden), xlv, no. 15,
p. 162, f. 3-6
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Fernando de Noronha, Brazil (3deg 53' S. 32deg 37.2'
W), 90 m
Type Data: Holotype in RNHL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 21 x 9.5 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Tenorioconus Species:-scopulorum
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-N. Brasil
Habitat:-Found at depths of 50-120 m
Description:-Source Vink
A small shell, up to 25 mm., with high to very high rather straight sided spire.
Body whorl very slightly convex-sided, spire whorls including body whorl with
strongly tuberculated shoulder. Surface with weak spiral threads near the base.
Nucleus: at least 3 whorls; axial sculpture on sides of postnuclear whorls, the
axial riblets are incised by two fine spiral grooves. No 'internal restriction'
within the aperture. Operculum small, radula tooth with rather short blade and
with only one strong tooth at the blade, besides the small barb at the apex.
Periostracum yellowish, translucent. Shell white with yellowish brown patches
and maculations arranged in two broad bands. In addition fine irregular axial
and spiral lines, occasionally forming a 'brick- wall' pattern.
Discussion:-C. scopulorum cannot
be easily confused with other species, because of its distinct colour and
pattern, strongly tuberculated whorls and small size.
----------
Conus scottjordani Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SMNS Eric Monnier
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Visaya 3 (5), 47
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Cuyo Islands 10-25 m
Type Data: Holotype in SMNS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 68.7 x 31.3 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-scottjordani
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Philippines
Habitat:-Found at depths of 10-25 m
Description:-Source Original description
The shell is medium sized, between solid and moderately heavy. The relative
diameter (RD) is about 0.60; the position of the maximum diameter (PMD) is
about 0.89. The shape is conical. The outline of the last whorl is straight.
The base color of the body whorl
is white and. covered with a pattern of small triangles, usually called tents.
The inside of the aperture is either white or toned with a pinkish tinge.
Discussion:-C.
telatus differs
from C. scottjordani by the much more
globose body whorl, the usually higher spire and their more rough pattern with
thicker textile lines.
----------
Conus scriptus Sowerby ii, 1858
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Thes. Conch. iii, p. 41,
pl. 23 (209), f. 563
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Holotype (da Motta) in BMNH
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 59 x 26 mm
Nomenclature: A homonym:- an Available name, an invalid name, a homonym
of C. scriptus Deshayes, 1831
Taxonomy: An invalid synonym:- a synonym (form) of Conus textile Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-textile scriptus forma
Geographic Range:-Mauritius
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 50 m; on coral reef from the reef crest to
deeper water inside the lagoon and sometimes also on flats of mainland coasts.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. textile
C. scriptus Lighter than other forms
of C. textile. Last whorl
ventricosely conical or conoid-cylindrical, sometimes approaching ovate or
cylindrical (RD 0.55-0.63; PMD 0.74-0.77). Larval shell of about 2 white
whorls; spire comparatively high (RSH 0.13-0.18). Spiral colour bands reduced
to rows of spots and flecks. Known from St. Brandon, Indian Ocean
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sculletti Marsh, 1962
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in AMS Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: J. Malacol. Soc. Aust., no.
6, p. 42, pl. 4,
f. 3 & 4
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Cape Moreton, south of Queensland, Australia; 80-120
fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in AMS deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 39 x 19.5 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Endemoconus Species:-sculletti
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-S. Queensland, Australia; N New South Wales
Habitat:-Found at depths of 20-150 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid. Last whorl conical, outline
slightly concave. Shoulder sharply angulate to carinate. Spire low, outline
concave to straight. Larval shell of 1.75-2.25 whorls, maximum diameter 1.4-
1.5 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave, with pronounced radial
threads and sometimes weak spiral striae adaxially. Last whorl sometimes with a
few very weak spiral grooves near base.
Ground colour white, sometimes suffused with very pale violet or pink. Last
whorl with brown spots and flecks and axial streaks and blotches, fusing into a
variable number of spiral bands, usually on basal third, just above centre and
on adapical third. Larval whorls grade from beige to brown. Postnuclear sutural
ramps with irregularly arranged brown radial markings. Aperture cream, pink or
brown.
Shell Morphometry
L 38-49 mm
RW 0.08-0.16 g/mm
(L 38-45 mm)
RD 0.50-0.58
PMD 0.95-1.00
RSH 0.06-0.12
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Heldia. 1, p. 133, f. 1, 3 & 8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Dredged from Tayabas Bay, Samar Is., Philippines
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 42.6 x 17.9 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-sculpturatus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Samar and Marinduque, Philippines
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid. Last
whorl conical to narrowly conical, sometimes narrowly conoid-cylindrical to
ventricosely conical; outline variably convex, straight (right side) and
concave (left side) basally. Shoulder carinate. Spire usually of moderate
height, outline concave. Larval shell of 2.5-3 whorls, maximum diameter about
0.8 mm. First 2-3 postnuclear whorls weakly tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural
ramps flat to slightly concave, with 1 increasing to 6-8 spiral grooves. Last
whorl with strong spiral ribs and pairs of ribs, often weakly granulose;
intervening grooves with axial threads crossed by weak spiral striae or threads.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with irregularly arranged brown dashes and dots
on spiral ribs and in grooves between, often fusing in axial streaks or
blotches, and in 2 interrupted spiral bands. Larval whorls white, sometimes
grading to light beige. Early postnuclear sutural ramps immaculate beige;
following ramps white, with brown radial streaks and blotches. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 32-44 mm
RW 0.08-0.12 g/mm
RD 0.48-0.52
PMD 0.78-0.90
RSH 0.12-0.17
Discussion:-C. sculpturatus resembles C. alabaster, which differs in its
broader last whorl (RD 0.52-0.58), larger number (3-6) of tuberculate early
whorls, rather flat late sutural ramps, and in its white to sparsely maculated
last whorl and spire. C. asiaticus
also has a broader last whorl (RD 0.53-0.59), more (3-6) tuberculate early
whorls and a less prominent colour pattern. C.
mucronatus also differs in having a broader last whorl (RD 0.52-0.62); it
has a sharply angulate rather than carinate shoulder, generally weaker spiral
selpture on the adapical part of the last whorl and prominent brown spiral
lines on the last whorl. C. laterculatus
can be distinguished by its angulate to sharply angulate rather than carinate
shoulder, straighter spire outline and smaller number of spiral grooves (4-5)
on the late sutural ramps; its last whorl is sculptured with ribbons rather
than ribs and has straight rather than concave left side basally; its aperture
is bluish-violet.
----------
Conus segondensis Fenzan, 2008
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN
Bill Fenzan
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Vita Malacologica 6, 11-14
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Segond Channel, Luganville, Espiritu Santo, Vanuata
Type Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29.6 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus
mucronatus Reeve, 1843
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-mucronatus segondensis subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Vanuata
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
The protoconch is smooth. Early teleconch whorls are slightly undulate and
angular. Shape of the spire, in profile, is concave. The body whorl is conical
with axially-striate spiral grooves between 17-19 angulated spiral ribs
reaching to mid-body, and then ribs become flatter and wider to the shoulder.
Color pattern of the shell is white to beige with wide, brown articulated bands
towards the base. Pattern is interrupted by axial flames and weak tenting,
especially near the shoulder. Aperture of the shell is white.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus segravei Gatliff, J. H., 1891
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMVM Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Vict. Nat. vii, p. 179, pl.
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Near Shoreham, Victoria, Australia.
Type Data: Holotype in NMVM deposited and catalogued
Type Size :33 x 16.8 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
clarus Smith, 1881
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Austroconus Species:-clarus
segravei forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Victoria, Australia
Habitat:-In 7-80 m; on sand substrate
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. clarus
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid. Last
whorl ventricosely conical, outline moderately convex adapically and less so
toward base. Shoulder usually carinate, rarely angulate. Spire of moderate
height to high, often stepped; outline straight to slightly concave. Larval
shell of 2-2.25 whorls, maximum diameter 1-1.2 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls
carinate except for first 2-3 whorls. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 2-3
increasing to 4-8 variably arranged spiral grooves, often weaker and with
spiral striae in latest whorls. Last whorl smooth, except distinct spiral ribs
on basal third, paired and grading to ribbons toward centre.
Ground colour white to pale pink. Last whorl with fusing pale violet-brown or
orange-brown clouds concentrated on both sides of a subcentral spiral
ground-colour band. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear sutural ramps with radial
streaks matching last whorl pattern in colour. Aperture pink, violet, or
orange-brown.
Shell Morphometry
L 27-54 mm
RW 0.06-0.26 g/mm
RD 0.57-0.67
PMD 0.80-0.85
RSH 0.15-0.32
Specimens with strong pink flammules were named segravei.
Gatliff states that shell is orange brown with irregular tent shaped white
reticulations and encircled with many dotted lines of darker colour; narrow
white band at shoulder and midbody.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus selenae Van Mol, Tursch & Kempf, 1967
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula
Picture: Manuel
Tenorio
Published in: Ann. Inst. Oceanogr. 45, p. 250,
f. 13., pl. 8, f. 2
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil; from the stomach of a fish
40 m
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 14 x 8 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Genus:-Artemidiconus Species:-selenae
Synonyms:- yemanjae Van Mol.Tursch & Kempf, 1967
Geographic Range:-Brazil
Habitat:-Offshore dredged from muddy sand bottom at depths of 40 to 135
m.
Description:-Source Vink
A small shell, 10 to 20 mm, with convex sides of the body whorl and a straight
sided spire. Spire whorls with 2 to 3 spiral ridges (or at least 1 or 2 faint
spiral cords) often crossed by axial grooves, due to which distinct low
granules are produced on the later spire whorls. Nucleus: 1.5 whorls. Shoulder
rounded in typical specimens, but more angulate with large granules in the more
triangular form C. yemanjae, which
also has granules on the margin of some earlier whorls. Sculpture of the body
whorl is highly variable: besides smooth specimens (found predominantly in the
north-west part of the range) granulated specimens exist in which the
granulation can be heavy or indistinct with granules close set or widely
spaced, and forming axial plicae or a cobble-stone texture. Periostracum
transparent yellowish. Colour: white, pinkish or yellow with orange brown,
reddish or dark pinkish blotches on the spire and the body whorl, usually
arranged in two irregular bands above and below the midbody area. The blotches
may form uniform bands or be completely absent. Furthermore numerous spiral
rows of orange brown spots or dashes may be present, often interconnecting the
granules which are white.
Discussion:-C. selenae could
be confused with C. anaglypticus ( which
has a more angulate smooth shoulder, and no spiral ridges on the spire whorls),
and C. mindanus, C. pusio and various
species traditionally associated with C.
jaspideus (neither of which has distinct spiral ridges on the spire
whorls).
Tucker comments: Artemidiconus selenae
can be distinguished from all Jaspidiconus by the structure of the spire
whorls. In the former there are two to three well-developed spiral cords throughout
the length of the whorl tops. In contrast, cords are not present in any species
of Jaspidiconus.
----------
Conus semivelatus Sowerby iii, 1882
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMWC Mike Filmer
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 118,
pl. 5, f. 3
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Red Sea
Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 16 x 10 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym of Conus rattus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Not appropriate for the name
semivelatus
----------
Conus senegalensis Gulden, Moolenbeek, Goud, 2017
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in RMHN Leiden,
The Netherlands
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Miscellanea
Malacologica 7(3): 49‒53 (18.IV.2017)
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Senegal: Fatick, Ndayan, north of Popenguine, low tide,
under stones, 0.5‒1 m depth
Type Data: Holotype in RMHN Leiden, The Netherlands
Type Size: 21.2 mm x 11.1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Disputed; see
Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lautoconus Species:-senegalensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Endemic for Senegal, from the
Cape Vert Peninsula (Yoff) till about 100 km south, Pointe‒Sarčne
Habitat:- Under stones, 0.5‒1 m depth
Description:-
Length 21.2 mm, width 11.1 mm, spire 5.5 mm. Protoconch and post nuclear
whorls eroded, spire of about 8 whorls, rather high. Spire whorls of
penultimate and body whorl with 5 spiral grooves. Shoulder rounded, body whorl
rather straight and smooth. On the dorsal side of the anterior end about 5
grooves, on the ventral side about 12. Colour: Basic colour greyish white. On
spire whorls some irregular brown dots, just below the shoulder a whitish
spiral. Pattern of irregular greyish white flammules and dots (sometimes
zigzagging) with numerous fine brown spots and lines. Just below the middle a
whitish spiral, sometimes interrupted by very fine brown spots. Just before the
aperture an axial white growth mark. On the ventral side the lower part nearly
greyish white. Aperture dark brown with a white inner lip, a white spiral just
below the shoulder and a white spiral just below the middle. Periostracum a
very thin, transparant brown layer.
Discussion:- Shells were previously
on the market as cf ventricosus
Samuel
Abalde, Manuel J. Tenorio, Carlos M.L. Afonso, Rafael Zardoya state that L.
senegalensis is a form of L. cacao, which in turn becomes a junior
synonym of L. mercator in their paper on Mitogenomic phylogeny of cone
snails endemic to Senegal, Elsevier, 2017
----------
Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott, 1951
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Rev. Soc. Malacol. 8, p. 63, pl. 9, f. 1 & 2
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: 50 mi. SW of Campeche, Yucatan, Mexico; 15-16 fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35 x 20 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-sennottorum
Synonyms:- According to Filmer Conus gibsonsmithorum Petuch, 1986
Geographic Range:-W. Florida, USA - Yucatan, Mexico
Habitat:-Deep water
Description:-Source Vink
A moderately heavy shell 25 to 40 mm, with high, sharply pointed, strongly
concave sided spire. Body whorl turnip-shaped and smooth, except for flat
spiral ridges near the base. Shoulder carinate, spire whorls smooth, flat
above, with carinate margins, the shoulder distinctly overhanging the suture of
the next whorl. Nucleus: 1.5 whorls; first 2 to 4 postnuclear whorls
irregularly nodulous. Operculum brown or yellowish brown, about 1/3 of aperture
height. Body whorl white with spiral rows of small dots and dashes, which are
often restricted to the area above mid body only.
Discussion:-
----------
serafimi Petuch &
Berschauer, 2019
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype
in MZSP
Published in: Festivus Vol. 51; p. 223-224,
Fig. 2, C & D
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: off Tibau do Sul, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 17.7 x 9.1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-serafimi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Brazil
Habitat:- in a lobster trap set at 10 m depth, on the coralline algal
systems
Description:
Shell
of average size for genus, stocky, barrel-shaped, inflated, with rounded,
convex
sides; shoulder sharply-angled, bordered by low, rounded carina; spire
elevated,
pyramidal
in shape, slightly scalariform; body whorl smooth and shiny, sculpted with
12-14
evenly-spaced
incised spiral sulci, which become larger and more deeply-impressed on
anterior
one-half of body whorl; deeply-incised sulci of anterior end produce 6-8 large,
prominent
spiral cords; body whorl base color pale pinkish-tan, overlaid with variable
amounts
of
darker pinkish-tan amorphous flammules, often arranged in longitudinal zig-zag
pattern;
spire
whorls pale pinkish-white marked with widely-scattered dark reddish-brown
irregular
flammules;
early whorls and protoconch pale yellow-white; edge of carina marked with row
of
12-18 evenly-spaced large reddish-brown dots, some of which connect to spire
flammules;
aperture
proportionally wide and flaring, becoming wider toward anterior end; interior
of
aperture
pale pinkish-tan.
----------
Conus serranegrae Rolán, 1990
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNCM Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Iberus Sup. 2, p. 49,
pl. 1, f. 15, pl. 2, f. 15,
pl. 3
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Serra Negra, Isla de Sal, Cape Verde Is.
Type Data: Holotype in MNCM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 16.1 x 9.1 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of cuneolus Reeve, 1843; see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-serranegrae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Serra Negra area, Sal, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:-Found on shallow bottom on stones among the small weeds that
retain fine sand and in the cracks of the same rocks.
Description:-Source:Iberus, Sup 2
1990 Rolán New species of cones
Morphology of the seashell. The majority of the specimens have a maximum
dimension between 10 and 18mm. No exceptional specimens have been seen. The
silhouette is characteristic: seashell small, straight, with spire a little
high and straight. Spire is of white color with areas of very light brown color
or cream, not stepped, with a quite constant structure and, always striated.
The coloring is of an initial appearance of cream or gray. With magnification,
can be seen that it has fine reticulation formed by white ground and marks of
siena, light green, olive and, rarely, light brown. At times, the the
reticulation is in the form of zig-zag and usually tends to form evident little
darker bands. The variability of the body pattern is very limited, the being
almost exactly the same. The interior of the aperture is violet with the
interruption from two bands of bluish white color, one almost in the center and
another by below of the anal channel. The columella has constantly a violet
color. Periostracum yellow, matt, transparent and fine.
Larval seashell. In juvenile specimens it has been found that the protoconch
had blue white color in its first whorls. The juvenile seashell presents a
similar pattern to the adult seashell. The study has not been able to measure
larval seashells, but some specimens examined obtained and supposed of this
species, was yellow with some tones of brown in the whorl.
Discussion:-
Abalde
et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology
(2017) 17:231
Phylogenetic
relationships of cone shells endemic to Cabo Verde based on mitochondrial genomes
New species proposed: Africonus
cuneolus Reeve, 1843
----------
Conus sertacinctus Röckel, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Arch. Moll., cxvi, p. 226, f. 1-2
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Solomons:Marau, Guadalcanal; 3-10 m in sand
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 31.1 x 15.3 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Asprella Species:-sertacinctus
Synonyms:- a valid species
Geographic Range:-Philippines – S. India
Habitat:-Usually in 2-30 m, on sand; sometimes dredged as deep as 100 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid. Last
whorl ventricosely conical, sometimes slightly ovate; outline convex
adapically, less so to straight below; left side occasionally slightly concave
near base. Aperture wider at base than near shoulder. Shoulder subangulate to
rounded, rarely angulate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline concave to
sigmoid. Larval shell of 2-2.25 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-1 mm. Teleoconch
sutural ramps flat, often slightly convex in late whorls, with 0-1 increasing
to 2-5 spiral grooves; grooves may be weaker on latest ramps. Last whorl with
spiral ribbons on basal third to half; ribbons often distinctly narrower or
sometimes replaced by ribs at anterior end.
In shells from Flores, last whorl occasionally approaching conoid-cylindrical,
with an almost straight right side centrally. Last whorl with spiral ribbons on
basal half to sometimes two-thirds, split into narrow ribbons and/or ribs on
anterior third. Shell morphology otherwise corresponding with that of typical
form.
In shells from Batangas Bay, last whorl ventricosely conical or
conoid-cylindrical; left side usually concave basally and right side often
almost straight centrally. Shoulder subangulate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat,
with 0-1 increasing to 3-5 spiral grooves or 3 major and 3 minor grooves;
grooves weak to obsolete in latest whorls. Last whorl with spiral ribbons below
centre, narrower or split into narrow ribbons and ribs anteriorly. Shell
morphology otherwise matching that of typical form.
In typical form, ground colour white. Last whorl with 4 spiral bands of axially
aligned brown spots and lines, below shoulder, on both sides of centre and at
base; central bands broader and usually emphasized by pale beige underlying
bands. Distinctly banded shells intergrade with immaculate shells. Larval
whorls white to beige. Postnuclear sutural ramps with pale brown dots at outer
margins and sparse light brown to brown radial lines and streaks. Aperture
white or light yellowish to orangish brown deep within
Discussion:-C.
sertacinctus
resembles C. collisus, C. andamanensis,
C. subulatus, C. broderipii, C. scalptus, and C. stramineus. C. collisus
has a generally more conical last whorl (PMD 0.80-0.90), a more angulate
shoulder, and a more prominent spiral sculpture on its late sutural ramps. C. andamanensis tends to have a conical
or conoid-cylindrical rather than ventricosely conical last whorl, its spire
outline is concave rather than sigmoid, and its last whorl pattern comprises
small scattered markings. C. subulatus
differs in its narrower last whorl (RD 0.51-0.54), more angulate shoulder, and
its slightly concave late sutural ramps with a more prominent spiral sculpture. C. scalptus is smaller (to 28 mm), has
more prominent spiral sculpture on the late sutural ramps, and the spiral lines
on its last whorl are finer than those of dark-coloured C. sertacinctus from Solomon Is. Typical C. broderipii can be distinguished by a generally lower spire with
a concave rather than sigmoid outline, a generally more angulate shoulder, the
absence of beige background shades, and by a last whorl pattern of typically 3
instead of 4 spiral bands.
----------
Conus severinae Cossignani, 2020
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Published in: Malacologia, N. 107
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Ozamis, Mindanao, Philippines
Type Data: Lectotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 38.47 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of C. cinereus Hwass, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-cinereus f. severinae
----------
Conus seychellensis Nevill & Nevill, 1874
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in ZSIC Mike Filmer ZSIC
Published in: J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 43, pt. 2,. no. 1, p. 22
Ocean geography:Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Seychelles
Type Data: Holotype in ZSIC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 39 x 19 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus litoglyphus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Strategoconus Species:-litoglyphus seychellensis forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Seychelles
Habitat:-Usually subtidal to about 60 m:
on reefs, lagoon pinnacles, rocky platforms exposed to wave action and more
frequently below 10 m on sand or reef rock under dead corals. or on reef
slopes.
Description:-
C. seychellensis is a colour form of C. litoglyphus completely lacking white
bands.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sharmiensis Wils, 1986
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
DMNH Alan Kohn
Radula Link: Manuel Tenorio & Rolán
Published in: Gloria
Maris 25 (5 – 6): p. 189, figs 71 - 72
Ocean geography: Red Sea
Type Locality: Marsa
el'At, 7 kms North of Sharm el Sheikh, Gulf of Akaba, Red Sea
Type Data: Holotype in ZMUA- Naturalis deposited
and catalogued
Type Size: 19.5 x 11.9 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A form of Conus parvatus
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Harmoniconus Species:-parvatus
f. sharmiensis
Geographic Range:-Red
Description: Form sharmiensis is very similar to typical form. Wils stated differences are a blood red colour to spots, axial marks on shoulder edge and no marks on spire.
----------
Conus shaskyi Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SBMNH Manolo Tenorio
Published in: The Cones of the Eastern Pacific
p. 45, pls. 252 & 303
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: NE of Isla Manuelita, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, (West
coast),(fine coral rubble bottom, 120 mtrs)
Type Data: Holotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 34.7 x 16.7 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Dauciconus Species:-shaskyi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Known only from Isla del Coco
Habitat:-Found at depths of 100-200 m
Description:-Source Original description
sized with a maximum length of 49.2 mm. Type series averaged 34.2 mm in length
and 17.0 mm in width. The shoulder is angular to slightly convex. The sides are
slightly convex just anterior to the shoulder but become flat or even slightly
concave near midbody region. The general appearance thus becomes one of a
moderately elongated conical shell. The coloration consists essentially of all
shades of orange-brown, orange, or yellow-orange with faded specimens more
yellow than brown. The pattern on the spire is made up of brown markings
leaving irregular patches of white on the whorl tops. Except at the shoulder
angle these markings are the same color shade as the color bands located on the
body whorl. Markings at and just anterior to the shoulder angle are darker in
shade than the color bands but match the color shade of the body's longitudinal
markings. The color pattern of the body whorl is essentially one of three
orange to orange brown bands. The interior of the aperture is white to
blue-white.
Discussion:-
----------
Conus shikamai Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1985
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype C. purpuratus Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Basteria 48, p. 233, f. 472
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: South China Sea off Taiwan (C. purpuratus, Shikama, 1979)
Type Data: Holotype in NSMT deposited and catalogued (C. purpuratus)
Type Size: 45.7 x 21.6 mm
Nomenclature: an Available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum)
for C. purpuratus Shikama, 1979.
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-shikamai
Synonyms:- Conus purpuratus Shikama, 1979
Geographic Range:-Taiwan - Philippines - Indonesia
Habitat:-Fouund at depths of 100-250 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl usually
conical, outline slightly convex below shoulder, then straight. Shoulder
angulate, irregularly undulate to weakly tuberculate. Spire low, outline
concave. Larval shell of 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-0.9 mm. First 3
postnuclear whorls weakly tuberculate to irregularly undulate; adjacent whorls
nearly smooth, late whorls undulate. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave,
with 2-3 increasing to 4-6 spiral grooves, obsolete in latest whorls. Last
whorl with variably spaced spiral ribs at base.
Ground colour pale bluish violet. Last whorl with a broad, usually continuous,
brown spiral band on each side of centre and with brown axial flames, usually
crossing spiral bands and adjacent ground-colour areas. Rather evenly spaced,
fine dark brown spiral lines cover entire last whorl of subadult specimens but
are mainly restricted to the brown spiral bands in adult shells. Larval whorls
brown. Teleoconch sutural ramps heavily maculated with dark brown radial
markings. Aperture violet.
Shell Morphometry
L 45-70 mm
RW 0.17-0.45 g/mm
(L 45-60 mm)
RD 0.49-0.53
PMD 0.85-0.94
RSH 0.04-0.08
Discussion:-The earlier name purpuratus
proved unavailable according to the rules of the ICZN, and Coomans et al.
(1985a) renamed this species C. shikamai.
C. shikamai is similar to C.
recluzianus, C. sukhadwalai, and C. voluminalis. C. recluzianus in all its
forms can generally be separated by the presence of distinct spiral grooves on late sutural ramps, the regularly spaced
undulation or tuberculation of the shoulder, the coarser spiral lines on the
last whorl, and the thicker, less translucent periostracum with heavier tufts. C. recluzianus from Japan and Taiwan
(including form urashimanus and form gloriakiiensis) also has a broader last
whorl (RD 0.53-0.60) and different colouration. C. recluzianus from the Indian Ocean may look similar because of
its pronounced spiral lines, but has a white ground colour. Form roseorapum of C. recluzianus can also be distinguished by the more prominent
tuberculation of its late postnuclear
whorls, its different colouration, and by the absence of pronounced spiral
lines from its last whorl. C. sukhadwalai
differs from C. shikamai in having a
distinctly broader and less straight-sided last whorl (RD 0.59-0.66), smooth
postnuclear whorls, and absence of spiral lines from its last whorl.
C. shikamai differs from C.voluminalis in its undulate to tuberculate
shoulder, multispiral brown larval shell (3-3.5 vs. 2-2.25 whorls) and fewer
tuberculate spire whorls; its last whorl is generally narrower (RD 0.49-0.53)
and its spire somewhat lower (RSH 0.04-0.08).
----------
Conus
siamensis Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:
Picture
Link:
Representation of Lectotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio
Rolán
Published
in: Enc. Méth.
1, p. 662, no. 58, (1798, Tab. Enc., pl. 329, fig. 8)
Ocean
geography: East
Atlantic and West Africa
Type
Locality: Indian
Ocean [erroneous]
Type
Data: Lectotype
in MHNG
Type
Size: 102.5 x 62
mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A subspecies of Conus pulcher
Current
Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kalloconus Species:-pulcher byssinus
Geographic
Range:- Canary
Islands and Madeira
Habitat:-Shallow Water
Description:-Source Iconography: The shell
is similar to that of C. p. pulcher,
but more brightly colored, with shades of violet-brown. Shell is solid and
heavy, always broader than that of the nominate form, with a very low or low
spire. The lip is very thin even in adult specimens. They may grow up to 180
mm, but the average size depends much on the particular population. The largest specimens can be found at
Lanzarote, the smallest at La Palma.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus sieboldii Reeve, 1848
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. I, sp. 269
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Japan
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 51 x 21 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Yeddoconus Species:
sieboldii
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Japan - Taiwan
Habitat:-In 50-400 m; reported from mud bottom
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl usually
conical or ventricosely conical; outline variably convex at adapical third to
half, straight below; left side often slightly concave toward base. Shoulder
broadly carinate. Spire of moderate height and stepped, outline straight to
slightly concave. Larval shell of 3 whorls, maximum diameter 1.1 mm.
Postnuclear spire whorls carinate, first 4-7 also tuberculate. Teleoconch
sutural ramps concave, with densely spaced radial threads, sometimes with
numerous spiral striae in late whorls. Last whorl with punctate or axially
striate spiral grooves from base to centre, separating narrow ribbons or ribs
anteriorly and broad ribbons posteriorly.
Ground colour white, sometimes bluish grey. Last whorl with sparse brown axial
markings, mainly above centre, sometimes forming an interrupted spiral band.
Spiral rows of widely spaced brown dots occur in some specimens. Larval whorls
white. Teleoconch sutural ramps with very sparse brown radial markings, primarily
in early whorls. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 60-129 mm
RW 0.14-0.60 g/mm
(L 60-111 mm)
RD 0.49-0.56
PMD 0.82-0.89
RSH 0.13-0.20
Discussion:-C. sieboldii resembles C. tribblei, C. lenavati, C. sugimotonis, C.
ione, C. teramachii, and C. boholensis.
C. tribblei has a similar colour pattem but differs in its more solid shell
in specimens of same size (RW 0.30-1.01), the strong spiral grooves on its
sutural ramps, and in its lower spire (RSH 0.04-0.13) that is not stepped. C. lenavati also has a similar colour
pattern but its last whorl is distinctly broader (RD 0.56-0.71), its spire
lower (RSH 0.02-0.13) and not carinate, and its sutural ramps have distinct
spiral grooves. C. sugimotonis has a
more solid shell, broader last whorl (RD 0.54-0.62), lower spire (RSH 0.02-0.1
1), and pronounced spiral grooves on its sutural ramps. C. ione does not become as large (to 76 mm), has a broader and
slightly pyriform last whorl (RD 0.55-0.64), and bears regularly set brown dots
at the outer margins of its sutural ramps.
C. teramachii differs in the absence of any brown pattem elements, the
distinct spiral grooves on the sutural ramps, and in the distinctive serrated
operculum.
----------
Conus silviae Cossignani, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia 82, p. 18 – 19
Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West Africa
Type Locality: Morro de Arreia, BoaVista, Cape Verde
Type Data: Holotype in MMM Cupra Marittima
Type Size: 21,2 x 12,1 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of fuscoflavus
Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980;
see Discussion
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Africonus Species:-silviae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Boa Vista, Cape Verde Islands
Habitat:- The specimens studied were found to be 0.5 to 4 meters deep,
on rock
Description:-Original description in Italian
Pyriform shell of small dimensions, compared with average for the genus, with a
range from 18 to 28 mm in height, with harmonic size distribution; spire
moderately concave profile and moderately accentuated sutures; rounded shoulder
and aperture that forms a modest step adapically. The aperture is wide and the
margin slightly rounded adapically and is straight in the central area. The
protoconch is domed and aligned with the spire. 7-8 small spiral grooves are
highlighted in the tops of the whorls. The last whorl smooth, with sparse weak
grooves, has two color bands of brown color: one adapical and one anteriorly; a
middle band clearly distinguished from the brown bands is characterized by
white triangular marks placed in a counterclockwise direction to achieve a
decorative and distinctive pattern; the same decoration is found on the
shoulder between the aperture and the last spiral suture. The aperture is white
with a lip which reveals the coloring of the shell.
Discussion:- The new species has
some affinity with Conus josephinae
Rolán, 1980, but there are some elements that differentiate unequivocally
starting from the higher spire, the profile is less triangular, with the
prominent color bands and ornamentation
evident; and an aperture slightly wider.
Also Africonus swinneni Tenorio, Afonso,
Cunha & Rolán, 2014 has certain similarities but has a lower
height-to-width ratio and more angled shoulder.
Abalde
et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology
(2017) 17:231
Phylogenetic
relationships of cone shells endemic to Cabo Verde based on mitochondrial
genomes
New species proposed: Africonus
fuscoflavus Röckel, Rolán &
Monteiro, 1980
----------
Conus simanoki Tenorio, Poppe, Tagaro, 2007
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Bill Fenzan
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Visaya 2 (2), 78
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: N. W. Thailand
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 81.3 x 44.3 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus
recluzianus Bernardi, 1853
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-recluzianus
simanoki subsp.
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Thailand
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source: Original description
Shell conical in shape,
porcellaneous in texture. Last whorl straight; aperture narrow, becoming wider
below midwhorl. Shoulder angulate and heavily undulate. Spire low to very low,
suturual ramps straight to slightly concave with 4 strong spiral striae and
very fine growth threads. Base color white with purple hue. Pattern of large
axial blotches or streaks. The irregular yellow to dark brown blotches are set
in two spiral rows. Spire with axial blotches same colour as those on whorl.
Basal part of columella white or cream. The main differences from C. recluzianus are larger size, more
prominent undulation on shoulder and a larger and broader siphonal canal.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus simonei Petuch & Myers, 2014
Pictures:
Picture Link:
MZSP Săo
Paulo Petuch & Myers
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Picture
Link: Paul Kersten
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 3, p. 36,
Figure 3 F, G
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 20 x 10 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHIDAE
Genus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-simonei
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-from Guarapari, Espirito Santo State to central Rio de
Janeiro State, Brazil
Habitat:-Found on sand in shallow water
Description:-Source: Original description
A proportionally broad, inflated,
and stocky shell. Wide across the shoulder; shoulder sharply angled, bordered
with large, rounded carina; spire proportionally low, broadly pyramidal, with
slightly canaliculated whorls; body whorl smooth and polished, with 10 deeply
incised spiral sulci around anterior one-third; spire whorls smooth; body whorl
base color deep blue-purple, overlaid with large amorphous dark brown patches
arranged in 2 broad bands, one around posterior two-thirds and one around
anterior end; blue-purple base color and brown patches, in turn, overlaid with
16 – 18 evenly-spaced rows of alternating dark brown and white dots and dashes;
shoulder carina marked with 10 – 16 large dark brown spots; spire whorls with
large, regurlarly-spaced slender dark brown flammules, some of which connect
with spots on shoulder carina; early whorls pale tan; aperture proportionally
wide, becoming wider toward anterior end, interior of aperture dark purple
brown; protoconch proportionally large, rounded, mamillate, composed of 2
whorls.
Discussion:-This has always been incorrectly indentified as Conus duvali or Conus mindanus f. duvali.
----------
Conus simonis Bozzetti, 2010
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in
MNHN Bozzetti
Published in: Malacologia 66
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: SE Madagascar
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 26 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A synonym of Pioconus
nigropunctatus Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1992 or a synonym of Pioconus achatinus Gmelin, 1791
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Pionoconus Species:- achatinus
f. simonis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Southern Madagascar
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Species with a shell of small size for the genus, maximum length 26.50mm,
profile conical, spire of moderate height with concave outline,shoulder
subangulate, body whorl sides straight to moderately convex. Protoconch
consisting of about 2 whorls, smooth and globose, teleoconch of 7 slightly
turretted whorls, suture well impressed, marginated by a spiral cord, another
prominent cord at the shoulder, subsutural ramp concave, sculptured by 5-7
spiral grooves, shoulder more or less tuberculated on the teleoconch, but not on
the body whorl. Aperture uniformly narrow, moderately expanded at the anterior
sinus, fasciole and base covered by rounded spiral plicae evenly spaced, minor
spirals in the interspaces; thick axial cordlets on the whole body whorl
surface. Ground colour orange brown with a darker band on the shoulder,
irregular white blotches axially elongated distributed on the shoulder, in the
central area of lateral walls and at the base; spiralline of articulate
brownish/black and white blotches on the shoulder. First teleoconch whorls
uniform yellowish, following ones white with evenly distributed orange/brownish
blotches. Laterals covered by thick and evenly spaced black spiral lines,
continuous or dashed, corresponding on the base to the spiral plicae, fasciole
whitish to yellowish. Inside of the mouth white with a blackish axial band at
the outer lip, lighter in the central area, at the shoulder and at the anterior
sinus. Operculum and soft parts unknown.
Discussion:- Monnier, Limpalaër & Robin in Xenophora Taxonomy 1: A
synonym (juvenile) of Pioconus achatinus
Gmelin, 1791.
----------
Conus simplex Sowerby ii, 1858
Pictures:
Picture
Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published
in: Thes. Conch. iii, p. 31, pl. 9 (195), f. 199
Ocean geography: South Africa
Type Locality: East Indies; Corrected to Simonstown, False Bay, SA.
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 49 x 23 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis simplex forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. False Bay, RSA
Habitat:-Intertidal to over 50 m depth
Description:-Source Iconography
Moderately small (25-35 mm), but specimens from the population of Simons
Harbour and Windmill Beach are unusually large, attaining more than 70 mm in
length. Last whorl conical, with a subangulate to rounded shoulder and straight
sides. Spire of moderate height, with a straight profile, occasionally stepped.
Sutural ramps slightly concave. Spiral ribs present around the basal region.
Ground colour of the shell white. Aperture wider than in C. a. algoensis, often with adapically flaring lip. The aperture is
white, with a diffuse orange-brown axial blotch in the upper part of the inner
region. The pattern of the last whorl consists of interrupted brown axial
streaks, and an interrupted spiral broad band below the shoulder, absent in
certain specimens. Scattered brown dots and dashes are often present. The spire
is patterned with thin brown axial flecks or streaks.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus
sinaiensis Petuch
& Berschauer, 2016
Pictures:
Picture Link:
Holotype in LACM
Published
in: The Festivus, Vol. 48; p. 183 – 187, fig. 1 E -G
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Northernmost Gulf
of Aqaba (Gulf of Eilat), Red Sea, Israel
Type Data: Holotype in LACM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 22.1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Miliariconus Species:-sinaiensis
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- Gulf of Aqaba (Eilat), Red Sea
Habitat:- exposed on coral
rubble in 1 m depth
Description:-
Shell of average size for genus, inflated, stocky, vasiform, turbinate, with
distinctly rounded sides; spire proportionally low, broadly subpyramidal;
shoulder and spire whorls ornamented with 10-12 large, rounded knobs; body
whorl smooth and shiny, ornamented with 10-12 faintly incised grooves on
anterior half of some specimens anterior
end and siphonal area ornamented with 6 proportionally large and conspicuous
spiral cords; body whorl base color pale pink or salmon-pink, overlaid by 2
large wide bands of dark pinkish-rose or pinkish-tan, one around mid-body and
one around anterior end, with color bands separated by wide white band around
mid-body; body whorl color bands overlaid with numerous tan spiral lines and
large obliquely-angled thin white flammules, arranged in zig-zag chevron
pattern; anterior tip of shell white or pale yellow-white; large cords around
anterior end marked with alternating white and tan spots; spire whorls and
shoulder knobs white, with large reddish-tan elongated patch present between
shoulder knobs; aperture proportionally narrow; interior of aperture white,
with 2 large dark pinkish-tan patches that correspond to dark body whorl bands;
periostracum thin, adherent, dark yellow-tan.
Discussion:-No
Data
----------
Conus sindon Reeve, 1844
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMWC Mike Filmer
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, pl. 43,
sp. 233
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known.
Type Data: Holotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 35 x 19 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
omaria Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Darioconus Species:-omaria sindon forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. Pacific
Habitat:-Shallow subtidal to about 50 m, on coral reefs and in reef
lagoons, in sand and rubble
Description:-
Discussion:-C. sindon has been
considered to represent an individual variant of C. pennaceus with closely spaced axial lines or recognized as valid
species separate from both C. omaria
and C. pennaceus. An axially lineate
pattern occurs in various species (C.
omaria; C. pennaceus; C. madagascariensis; C. textile; C. victoriae). In
colour pattern, the holotype of C. sindon
is slightly closer to similar forms of C.
omaria than to those of C. pennaceus
with respect to shell morphology, it cannot be unequivocally assigned to either
of these species. RKK provisionally place C.
sindon into the synonymy of C. omaria.
----------
Conus singletoni Cotton, 1945
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype
in SAMA Mike Filmer
Picture Link:
Paul Kersten
Published
in: Rec. S. Austral. Mus. 8, p. 263, pl. 4, f. 10
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Victoria, Western Port, W. Australia
Type Data: Holotype in SAMA deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 43.5 x 22 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
anemone Lamarck, 1810
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Floraconus Species:-anemone singletoni forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-W. Australia
Habitat:-
Description: C. singletoni: A variant with a white shell
----------
Conus sirventi Fenaux, 1943
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Figure Original Description
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. (Monaco),
no. 834, p. 4, f. 10
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Madagascar
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Fenaux
1943, fig.10
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus
textile Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-textile sirventi forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Madagascar
Habitat:-Intertidal to about 50 m; on coral reef from the reef crest to
deeper water inside the lagoon and sometimes also on flats of mainland coasts.
Description:
C. sirventi: A form of C. textile with a ventricosely conical
last whorl and a reduced pattern. Fenaux states that it has a white shiny base
colour with fawn scattered axial wavy lines.
Discussion:-No Data
----------
Conus skinneri da Motta, 1982
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac.,
no. 1, p. 8, f. 8
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Nusa Tenggara, eastern coast of Bali
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 50 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus
nobilis Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Eugeniconus Species:-nobilis skinneri forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bali, Sumbawa Indonesia
Habitat:-In 1 to 10 m; on sand bottom with Foraminifera, where water is
clear and with slight currents.
Description:-
----------
Conus skoglundae Tenorio, Tucker, Chaney, 2012
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in SBMNH Manolo Tenorio
Published in: The Cones of the Eastern Pacific,
p. 64, pl. 278
Ocean geography: Eastern Pacific
Type Locality: Bahia Los Frailes, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Type Data: Holotype in SBMNH deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 24.9 x 10.4 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Gradiconus Species:-skoglundae
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Cape region of Baja California Sur, Mexico
Habitat:-Found at depths of 45-60 m
Description:-Source Original description
The dimensions of the specimens measured ranged from 17.9 to 26.3 mm long and
7.0 to 11.9 mm in shell width. Shell shape is variable. The body whorl is
moderately narrowly conical in shape. The spire is elevated but not
scalariform. Color pattern is variable but rather simple. It consists of light
brown markings on a white ground color. The brown coloration occurs primarily
as narrow blotches in two zones. The midbody area is white except for one or
two of the interrupted spiral lines. The anterior end is white. The interior of
the aperture is blue-white in color.
Discussion:
----------
Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder, 1943
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Published in: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 56, p. 87
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Near Kauai, Hawaii; 257-312 fathoms.
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 60.9 x 22.8 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Profundiconus Species:-smirna
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-S Japan; Hawaii; New Zealand
Habitat:-Found at depths of 400-500 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large, moderately solid. Last whorl slightly pyriform, outline
convex adapically, slightly concave below. Shoulder indistinct from spire but
with a prominent edge. Spire high, outline almost straight. Larval shell of
more than 2 whorls, maximum diameter about 1.1 mm (shells from New Caledonia).
First 5-6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with
1-2 increasing to 4-6 spiral grooves, obsolete in late whorls. Last whorl with
spiral ribs on basal third, followed by spiral threads to shoulder.
Ground colour white. Larval whorls light brown. Last whorl with a broad pale
brown spiral band on each side of centre. Aperture white.
Shell Morphometry
L 61- mm
((Holotype))
RW -
RD 0.51-
PMD 0.90-
RSH 0.27-
C.
smirna Rather narrow, spire taller, nodules heavier extending to
sixth whorl; Hawaiian Is;
C. profundorum Broader spire lower
nodules weak to third whorl; S Japan;
C. scopulicola is juvenile small
shell with axial flammules in three bands with few rows smaller spots;
Discussion:-C. smirna is hard
to separate from similarly shaped and probably related species.
C. profundorum is similar to C. smirna, which differs in its
shoulder having a prominent edge, its flat late sutural ramps, and in the
simple pattern of its last whorl with 2 pale spiral bands on the white ground.
Shells of C. smirna from New
Caledonia and shells of C. profundorum
from New Caledonia can be distinguished by their shape (RD 0.49-0.53 vs.
0.62-0.63), relative spire height (RSH 0.21-0.28 vs. 0.16-0.17), and colour
pattern.
Walls, [1979] figured a specimen from S.W. of Midway Id., Hawaii as
representative of 'typical' Hawaiian C. smirna. A somewhat smaller, but
otherwise closely corresponding shell was collected in 510 m near Oahu, Hawaii.
These shells differ from the holotype of C.
smirna mainly in their broader and ventricosely conical to conical last
whorls, their darker brown spiral bands, pale brown aperture, and less distinct
shoulder edge; they resemble the type of C.
profundorum, and their assignment to C.
smirna remains doubtful. Specimens collected outside the New Caledonian
lagoon in 545-560 m were identified as C.
smirna. They correspond with C.
smirna in relative diameter and outline of the last whorl, in size and in
relative spire height. They differ in their more ventricose shape (PMD 0.8
1-0.86 vs. 0.90), the absence of spiral grooves on sutural ramps, and in
theaxial as well as spiral arrangement of their pattern. Their assignment to C. smirna also remains doubtful. Similar
specimens from subtropical waters north of New Zealand live in 200- 1,180 m.
They recall the New Caledonian shells in pattern, sculpture and shape except for
their broader last whorl (RD 0.55-0.61). According to Marshall (1981), their
multispiral larval shell excludes conspecificity with the similar C. scopulicola; he assigned them to C.
smirna, which he considered conspecific with
C. profundorum. Their relationship to the shells from the New Caledonian
area as well as to C. smirna needs
further research.
----------
Conus smirnoides Tenorio, 2015
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Manuel Tenorio
Picture
Link: Paul
Kersten
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 7, p. 3-14,
fig. 2 A, Pl. 2 1-5, Pl. 3 1-5
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Off Ile des Pins, southern New Caledonia
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and
catalogued
Type Size: 71.8 x 26.3 mm
Nomenclature: An Available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAE
Genus:-Profundiconus Species:-smirnoides
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-New Caledonia
Habitat:-480-500 m
Description:-Source original description
Shell narrowly conoid-cylindrical, moderately large to large-sized. Spire high
to very high, straight or slightly convex in profile, with pointed apex (when
present). Sutural ramps flat or very slightly concave, with very fine, almost
indistinct striae and arcuate threads becoming obsolete or absent in late
sutural ramps. Protoconch o 3.0–3.5 whorls, brown, smooth, with maximum
diameter of 1.1 mm. Tubercles on first 5–6 teleoconch whorls, absent
thereafter.
Shoulder rounded and rather
indistinct in adults, angulated in younger specimens. Sides of shell very
slightly convex below shoulder, straight abapically, becoming very slightly
concave
near abapical extremity. Last
adult whorl smooth and shiny apart from very fine striae around basal quarter,
more evident in younger specimens. Posterior notch shallow, C-shaped. No
anterior notch.
Background color white to pale
yellow-brown. Last whorl with axial brown streaks forming two broad spiral
bands leaving a narrow, pale spiral band slightly below midpoint. In some
specimens axial brown streaks crowded and fused to form solid brown spiral
bands with sparse white axial streaks.
In other specimens pattern of axial streaks of alternating brown and
white or
pale yellow-brown color
predominates. Another narrow, pale spiral band is present at height of
shoulder. Spire variably patterned with brown radial flecks or blotches on a
white or pale yellow-brown ground. Interior of aperture typically white, pale
brown in some specimens. Columella white or very pale yellow-brown.
Periostracum yellow-brown, smooth, translucent. Operculum
elongated, margin serrate, length
about one quarter of aperture height.
----------
Conus
smoesi Petuch
& Berschauer, 2016
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MZSP
David Berschauer
Published in: The Festivus Vol. 48, Issue 4; P.
260; Fig. 2 I - L
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: off Camocim, Ceará State, Brazil
Type Data: Holotype in MZSP deposited and catalogued
Type Size : 19.9 x 11.1 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Poremskiconus Species:-smoesi
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:- only known from the areas offshore of Camocim, Ceara
State, Brazil, but may also occur on the offshore Canopus Banks.
Habitat:- Taken
in crab traps, from 20 m depth on coralline algal nodule (rhodolith) sea
Description:-Source: Original description
Shell of average size for genus, stocky, truncated, with inflated body
whorl; shoulder sharply angled, subcarinate; spire elevated, subpyramidal, with
scalariform stepped whorls; body whorl smooth and shiny, sculptured with 8-10
thin, low spiral threads around anterior end; body whorl color white or pale
pinkish-white, overlaid with numerous large, amorphous angular brown or
reddishbrown flammules, arranged in zebra or zig-zag pattern; zebra flammules
interrupted by white mid-body band, which bisects them into two sections; zebra
flammules are not solidlycolored, but are composed of darker tan or
orange-colored, extremely fine, closely-packed longitudinal lines superimposed
upon paler tan or orange base color; spire whorls white, marked with
widely-spaced dark orange-brown crescent-shaped flammules; edge of spire
flammules intersect with zig-zag flammules of body whorl; early whorls orange;
protoconch proportionally large, domed, orange in color, composed of 2 whorls;
aperture narrow, white within interior.
Discussion:-
----------
Copyright Paul Kersten. Rights to
all images remains with the originator. Every effort has been made by the
editor to respect copyright and image rights and to seek the appropriate
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publications is acknowledged. Acknowledgements and References can be viewed by
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Last update November 2020.